Gereon Niedner-Schatteburg (born 21 November 1959, as Niedner) is a German physicist and chemist. He is professor of physical chemistry at the department of chemistry of the University of Kaiserslautern. Since 2011 he acts as director of the DFG-funded transregional collaborative research center SFB/TRR 88 3MET.de.
Niedner-Schatteburg received his secondary school certificate 1975 in Kreiensen and graduated from a high school of economics 1978 in Northeim. He then served compulsory military service with the German Navy. From 1979 to 1988 he studied mathematics and physics at the University of Göttingen and received in 1988 a doctoral degree for his thesis on charge exchange and inelastic scattering in proton molecule collisions which comprised work that he has conducted as a research assistant at the local Max-Planck Institute in the group of Jan Peter Toennies. [1] As a postdoctoral researcher in the group of Yuan T. Lee at the department of chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Niedner-Schatteburg conducted research on the infrared spectroscopy of isolated molecular clusters. [2] [3] Subsequently, he accepted a position as research assistant (C1) in physical chemistry at Technical University (TU) Munich with Vladimir E. Bondybey, where he habilitated in chemistry with a thesis on structure and reactivity of ionic metal and molecule clusters via Fourier-Transform-Ion-Cyclotron-Resonance (FT-ICR) – mass spectrometry. [4]
Holding a position as senior associate scientist (C2) and "Privatdozent" he continued to work at TU Munich for four more years, in between substituting a vacant chair in physical chemistry in 2000 (em. Prof. E.W. Schlag). In the same year he received and accepted the call to a chair in physical chemistry at the University of Kaiserslautern (succession to Hans-Georg Kuball). From 2001 bis 2008 he served as dean of studies, dean and vice dean of the chemistry department, and as a member of the senate of the university. Since 2011 he is elected director of the 3MET.de research center, which he has initiated together with Manfred Kappes (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT). Since 2008 he acts as vice director of the State Research Center OPTIMAS, supporting its director Martin Aeschlimann. In 2014 to 2016 he served as director of the topical division of molecular physics in the German Physical Society (DPG). He was holding Visiting Professorships at the Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences (IAMS) of the Academia Sinica in Taipei, Taiwan (2000) and at the Laboratoire Chimie-Physique (LCP) of the University Paris-South in Orsay, Frankreich (2005), as well as a visiting fellowship at the Yale University in New Haven, USA (2013). His doctoral thesis won him the Reimar Lüst – fellowship of the president of the Max-Planck-society. Niedner-Schatteburg is the managing director of the Steinhofer endowment at the University of Kaiserslautern, and he serves as complimentary director of the nonprofit association at the Hohenstaufen Gymnasium high school in Kaiserslautern. He is married and has two grown-up children.
Niedner-Schatteburg conducts and directs research on reactions with size selected clusters of metals and molecules when held in isolation. [5] [6] His current focus is on the kinetics and on the spectroscopy of transition metal complexes and clusters aiming at the activation of small molecules. He searches for applications of oligo nuclear transition metal complexes as homogeneous catalysts, as single molecule magnets, and as optical effectors. His experiments combine Ion traps for high resolution mass spectrometry with pulsed infrared lasers and polarized X-ray radiation as available by the BESSY II synchrotron light source of the Helmholtz – center in Berlin. Niedner-Schatteburg has published more than 100 scientific publications and several review articles.
Atomic, molecular, and optical physics (AMO) is the study of matter–matter and light–matter interactions, at the scale of one or a few atoms and energy scales around several electron volts. The three areas are closely interrelated. AMO theory includes classical, semi-classical and quantum treatments. Typically, the theory and applications of emission, absorption, scattering of electromagnetic radiation (light) from excited atoms and molecules, analysis of spectroscopy, generation of lasers and masers, and the optical properties of matter in general, fall into these categories.
In chemistry, hydronium (hydroxonium in traditional British English) is the common name for the cation [H3O]+, also written as H3O+, the type of oxonium ion produced by protonation of water. It is often viewed as the positive ion present when an Arrhenius acid is dissolved in water, as Arrhenius acid molecules in solution give up a proton (a positive hydrogen ion, H+) to the surrounding water molecules (H2O). In fact, acids must be surrounded by more than a single water molecule in order to ionize, yielding aqueous H+ and conjugate base. Three main structures for the aqueous proton have garnered experimental support: the Eigen cation, which is a tetrahydrate, H3O+(H2O)3, the Zundel cation, which is a symmetric dihydrate, H+(H2O)2, and the Stoyanov cation, an expanded Zundel cation, which is a hexahydrate: H+(H2O)2(H2O)4. Spectroscopic evidence from well-defined IR spectra overwhelmingly supports the Stoyanov cation as the predominant form. For this reason, it has been suggested that wherever possible, the symbol H+(aq) should be used instead of the hydronium ion.
Burkard Hillebrands is a German physicist and professor of physics. He is the leader of the magnetism research group in the Department of Physics at the Technische Universität Kaiserslautern.
Jan Peter Toennies is a German-American scientist.
Infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) is a technique used in mass spectrometry to fragment molecules in the gas phase usually for structural analysis of the original (parent) molecule.
Matrix isolation is an experimental technique used in chemistry and physics. It generally involves a material being trapped within an unreactive matrix. A host matrix is a continuous solid phase in which guest particles are embedded. The guest is said to be isolated within the host matrix. Initially the term matrix-isolation was used to describe the placing of a chemical species in any unreactive material, often polymers or resins, but more recently has referred specifically to gases in low-temperature solids. A typical matrix isolation experiment involves a guest sample being diluted in the gas phase with the host material, usually a noble gas or nitrogen. This mixture is then deposited on a window that is cooled to below the melting point of the host gas. The sample may then be studied using various spectroscopic procedures.
Paul-Antoine Giguère, was a Canadian academic and chemist.
The Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society (FHI) is a science research institute located at the heart of the academic district of Dahlem, in Berlin, Germany.
A Van der Waals molecule is a weakly bound complex of atoms or molecules held together by intermolecular attractions such as Van der Waals forces or by hydrogen bonds. The name originated in the beginning of the 1970s when stable molecular clusters were regularly observed in molecular beam microwave spectroscopy.
Herbert Sander Gutowsky was an American chemist who was a professor of chemistry at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Gutowsky was the first to apply nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods to the field of chemistry. He used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to determine the structure of molecules. His pioneering work developed experimental control of NMR as a scientific instrument, connected experimental observations with theoretical models, and made NMR one of the most effective analytical tools for analysis of molecular structure and dynamics in liquids, solids, and gases, used in chemical and medical research, His work was relevant to the solving of problems in chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science, and has influenced many of the subfields of more recent NMR spectroscopy.
Giacinto Scoles is a European and North American chemist and physicist who is best known for his pioneering development of molecular beam methods for the study of weak van der Waals forces between atoms, molecules, and surfaces. He developed the cryogenic bolometer as a universal detector of atomic and molecule beams that not only can detect a small flux of molecules, but also responds to the internal energy of the molecules. This is the basis for the optothermal spectroscopy technique which Scoles and others have used to obtain very high signal-to noise and high resolution ro-vibrational spectra.
Richard James Saykally is an American chemist. He is currently the Class of 1932 Endowed Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. He has received numerous awards for his research on the molecular characteristics of water and aqueous solutions.
William A. Klemperer (October 6, 1927 – November 5, 2017) was an American chemist, chemical physicists and molecular spectroscopists. Klemperer is most widely known for introducing molecular beam methods into chemical physics research, greatly increasing the understanding of nonbonding interactions between atoms and molecules through development of the microwave spectroscopy of van der Waals molecules formed in supersonic expansions, pioneering astrochemistry, including developing the first gas phase chemical models of cold molecular clouds that predicted an abundance of the molecular HCO+ ion that was later confirmed by radio astronomy.
The State Research Center for Optics and Material Sciences (OPTIMAS) connects two areas of research for which the University of Kaiserslautern has a national and international reputation, founded upon relevant contributions to the development of laser physics, photonics and plasmonics. Researchers in Kaiserslautern have also been prominent in the development of magnetic, electronic and molecular materials, as well as thin films, nanostructures and ultracold quantum gases. In order to continue building on this research foundation, OPTIMAS has been established at TU Kaiserslautern within the framework of the research initiative of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate.
Chromium(I) hydride, systematically named chromium hydride, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula (CrH)
n. It occurs naturally in some kinds of stars where it has been detected by its spectrum. However, molecular chromium(I) hydride with the formula CrH has been isolated in solid gas matrices. The molecular hydride is very reactive. As such the compound is not well characterised, although many of its properties have been calculated via computational chemistry.
Neon compounds are chemical compounds containing the element neon (Ne) with other molecules or elements from the periodic table. Compounds of the noble gas neon were believed not to exist, but there are now known to be molecular ions containing neon, as well as temporary excited neon-containing molecules called excimers. Several neutral neon molecules have also been predicted to be stable, but are yet to be discovered in nature. Neon has been shown to crystallize with other substances and form clathrates or Van der Waals solids.
Argon compounds, the chemical compounds that contain the element argon, are rarely encountered due to the inertness of the argon atom. However, compounds of argon have been detected in inert gas matrix isolation, cold gases, and plasmas, and molecular ions containing argon have been made and also detected in space. One solid interstitial compound of argon, Ar1C60 is stable at room temperature. Ar1C60 was discovered by the CSIRO.
Martin Quack is a German physical chemist and spectroscopist; he is a professor at ETH Zürich.
Bretislav Friedrich is a Research Group leader at the Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft and Honorarprofessor at the Technische Universität in Berlin, Germany. He is globally recognized for his pioneering research surrounding interaction of molecules with and in electric, magnetic, and optical fields as well as on cold molecules. He was admitted to the Learned Society of the Czech Republic in 2011.
Infrared photodissociation (IRPD) spectroscopy uses infrared radiation to break bonds in, often ionic, molecules (photodissociation), within a mass spectrometer. In combination with post-ionization, this technique can also be used for neutral species. IRPD spectroscopy has been shown to use electron ionization, corona discharge, and electrospray ionization to obtain spectra of volatile and nonvolatile compounds. Ionized gases trapped in a mass spectrometer can be studied without the need of a solvent as in infrared spectroscopy.
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