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Bacon's Rebellion was an armed rebellion held by Virginia settlers that took place from 1676 to 1677. It was led by Nathaniel Bacon against Colonial Governor William Berkeley,after Berkeley refused Bacon's request to drive Native American Indians out of Virginia. Thousands of Virginians from all classes and races rose up in arms against Berkeley,chasing him from Jamestown and ultimately torching the settlement. The rebellion was first suppressed by a few armed merchant ships from London whose captains sided with Berkeley and the loyalists. Government forces arrived soon after and spent several years defeating pockets of resistance and reforming the colonial government to be once more under direct Crown control.
The Northern Neck is the northernmost of three peninsulas on the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The Potomac River forms the northern boundary of the peninsula;the Rappahannock River demarcates it on the south. The land between these rivers was formed into Northumberland County in 1648,prior to the creation of Westmoreland County and Lancaster County. The Northern Neck encompasses the following Virginia counties:Lancaster,Northumberland,Richmond,King George and Westmoreland;it had a total population of 50,158 as of the 2020 census.
John Washington was an English merchant,planter,politician and military officer. Born in Tring,Hertfordshire,he subsequently emigrated to the English colony of Virginia,where he became a planter. In addition to serving in the Virginia militia and owning several plantations operated using a combination of indentured and later enslaved labour,Washington also served for many years in the House of Burgesses,representing Westmoreland County. He was the first member of the Washington family who hailed originally from Northeast England to live in North America as well as the paternal great-grandfather of George Washington,the first president of the United States.
Col. Isaac Allerton Jr. was planter,military officer,politician and merchant in colonial America. Like his father,he first traded in New England,and after his father's death,in Virginia. There,he served on the Governor's Council (1687-1691) and for many years in the House of Burgesses,representing Northumberland County and later Westmoreland County.
Capt. Henry Lee I (1691–1747) was a prominent Virginia colonist,planter,soldier and bureaucrat. Although today known mostly for his family connections below.
Major Robert Ellyson was a legislator,lawyer,military officer,and physician who served as a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses representing the electoral constituency of James City County from 1655 to 1656 and from 1660 to 1665.
Richard Lee I was the first member of the Lee family to live in America. Poor when he arrived in Virginia in 1639 on a ship with the colony's newly reappointed governor and the woman who became his future wife,by the time of his death,Lee may have been both the Virginia Colony's wealthiest inhabitant as well as its largest landholder. Lee had a varied career,for in addition to several important government and military posts,he became a merchant,planter and politician who served one term in the Virginia House of Burgesses as well as managed to negotiate several major political upheavals—both successfully and to his economic advantage.
Popes Creek is a small tidal tributary stream of the Potomac River in Westmoreland County,Virginia. The George Washington Birthplace National Monument lies adjacent to Popes Creek estuary.
Colonel Nicholas Spencer,Jr. (1633–1689) was a merchant,planter and politician in colonial Virginia. Born in Cople,Bedfordshire,Spencer migrated to the Westmoreland County,Virginia,where he became a planter and which he represented in the Virginia House of Burgesses. Spencer later served as Secretary and President of the Council of the Virginia Colony,and on the departure of his cousin Thomas Colepeper,2nd Baron Colepeper in 1683,was named Acting Governor (1683–84),in which capacity Spencer served until the arrival of Governor Lord Howard of Effingham. Spencer's role as agent for the Culpepers helped him and his cousin Lt. Col. John Washington,ancestor of George Washington,secure the patent for their joint land grant of the Mount Vernon estate.
Lawrence Washington was a colonial-era Virginia planter,slave holder,lawyer,soldier and politician. He also was the paternal grandfather of George Washington.
George Mason I was the American progenitor of the prominent American landholding and political Mason family. Mason was the great-grandfather of George Mason IV,a Founding Father of the United States.
George Mason II (1660–1716) was an early American planter and officeholder who,although his father's only child,had many children and thus can be said to have established the Mason family as one of the First Families of Virginia. His grandson George Mason IV became the most distinguished member of the family,a Founding Father of the United States.
Francis Dade,was a Virginia soldier,politician and landowner. An English Royalist who emigrated to Virginia some time after the death of Charles I. In Virginia he officially used the name "John Smith" when he served as one of the two delegates representing tiny Warwick County and as Speaker of the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1658. He died at sea in 1662 or 1663.
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George Brent,was a colonial Virginia planter,lawyer,and politician. He represented Stafford County,Virginia in the Virginia General Assembly and secured a refuge for Catholics in the Virginia Colony that became Brentsville,Virginia.
Rice Hooe was the name of three Virginia colonists,two of whom served in the colonial House of Burgesses,and became ancestors of a family of planters important in northern Virginia and southern Maryland. Their descendants Alexander Hooe,Bernard Hooe Jr.,James Hooe,two named John Hooe as well as John Hooe Jr.,and William Hooe would all serve in the Virginia General Assembly before the American Civil War.
Henry Corbin was an emigrant from England who became a tobacco planter in the Virginia colony and served in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly,in the House of Burgesses representing Lancaster County before the creation of Middlesex County on Virginia's Middle Neck,then on the Governor's Council.
Thomas Trueman was a British attorney who also became a merchant,planter,politician and controversial military officer in the Maryland Colony. He was impeached on one of three counts by the Upper House of the Maryland Assembly for killing several Susquehannock emissarys under a flag of truce months before Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia. Trueman had served in both houses of the Maryland Assembly before that conflict,and although dismissed from the Governor's Council after that impeachment in 1676,he served another term in 1683-84.
Thomas Mathew was an English merchant who became a planter and politician in the Colony of Virginia. He owned property in Northumberland County and was one of the first burgesses representing Stafford County in the House of Burgesses when it was formed. An Indian raid which killed one of his herdsmen was a precursor of Bacon's Rebellion and shortly before his death in London Mathew wrote an account of that conflict which was published a century later.
Thomas Foulke or Fowke was an English merchant who became a planter,military officer and politician in the Colony of Virginia. He represented James City County and later Westmoreland County in the House of Burgesses after he and his brother and business partner Gerrard Fowke bought property in the Northern Neck of Virginia.
References
- 1 2 3 McCartney, Martha W. (2012). Jamestown People to 1800. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc. p. 165. ISBN 978-0-8063-1872-1.
- 1 2 3 4 Tyler, Lyon Gardiner (1915). Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography vol.1. Lewis Historical Publishing Company. pp. 238–239.
- ↑ https://www.colonial-settlers-md-va.us/getperson.php?personID=I2131&tree=tree1
- ↑ Walter Biscoe Norris Jr.(ed) Westmoreland County, Virginia (Westmoreland County Board of Supervisors, 1983) pp. 20-21
- ↑ Norris p. 21
- ↑ Norris pp. 28-29
- ↑ Cynthia Miller Leonard, The Virginia General Assembly 1691-1978 (Richmond: Virginia State Library) p. 40
- ↑ John Frederick Dorman, Adventures of Purse and Person (4th Ed. 2007) Vol. III pp. 348-329
- 1 2 https://www.colonial-settlers-md-va.us/getperson.php?personID=I2259&tree=tree1
- ↑ Dorman pp. 333-334