Gib Hill

Last updated

Gib Hill
Gib Hill burial mound, Peak District, Derbyshire.jpg
Gib Hill burial mound
Locationnear Middleton-by-Youlgreave and Bakewell
Region Derbyshire, England
Coordinates 53°10′01″N01°45′52″W / 53.16694°N 1.76444°W / 53.16694; -1.76444
Type tumulus

Gib Hill is a large burial mound in the Peak District, Derbyshire, England. It is thought to be a Neolithic oval barrow with an Early Bronze Age round barrow superimposed at one end. It is located some 300 metres south-west of Arbor Low henge.

Contents

Gib Hill Barrow Gib Hill Barrow 3.jpg
Gib Hill Barrow

Excavations

Three exploratory excavations were conducted in the 19th century: the first by the owner, Mr Thornhill in 1812, a second by William Bateman and S. Mitchell in 1824, and a third by Thomas Bateman in 1848. [1] The 1848 excavations uncovered a cist of early Bronze Age date, containing a cremation and food vessel. [1] The complex structure of the barrow suggests that it consists of a Neolithic oval barrow with an Early Bronze Age round barrow superimposed at one end. [2] This configuration can be seen clearly by looking up at the barrow from the north. [2]

Siting

Gib Hill is part of a complex of prehistoric monuments with Arbor Low. [1] The Neolithic barrow at Gib Hill was probably the first element in the complex. [2]

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 GIB HILL, Pastscape, retrieved 27 September 2012
  2. 1 2 3 History and Research: Arbor Low Henge and Stone Circle and Gib Hill Barrow, English Heritage, retrieved 27 September 2012

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ring of Brodgar</span> A neolithic stone circle in Orkney, Scotland

The Ring of Brodgar is a Neolithic henge and stone circle about 6 miles north-east of Stromness on Mainland, the largest island in Orkney, Scotland. It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Heart of Neolithic Orkney.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Woodhenge</span> Neolithic henge and timber circle monument near Stonehenge

Woodhenge is a Neolithic Class II henge and timber circle monument within the Stonehenge World Heritage Site in Wiltshire, England. It is 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of Stonehenge, in Durrington parish, just north of the town of Amesbury.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Henge</span> Type of Neolithic earthwork

A henge loosely describes one of three related types of Neolithic earthwork. The essential characteristic of all three is that they feature a ring-shaped bank and ditch, with the ditch inside the bank. Because the internal ditches would have served defensive purposes poorly, henges are not considered to have been defensive constructions. The three henge types are as follows, with the figure in brackets being the approximate diameter of the central flat area:

  1. Henge. The word henge refers to a particular type of earthwork of the Neolithic period, typically consisting of a roughly circular or oval-shaped bank with an internal ditch surrounding a central flat area of more than 20 m (66 ft) in diameter. There is typically little if any evidence of occupation in a henge, although they may contain ritual structures such as stone circles, timber circles and coves. Henge monument is sometimes used as a synonym for henge. Henges sometimes, but by no means always, featured stone or timber circles, and circle henge is sometimes used to describe these structures. The three largest stone circles in Britain are each within a henge. Examples of henges without significant internal monuments are the three henges of Thornborough Henges. Although having given its name to the word henge, Stonehenge is atypical in that the ditch is outside the main earthwork bank.
  2. Hengiform monument. Like an ordinary henge, except the central flat area is between 5 and 20 m (16–66 ft) in diameter, they comprise a modest earthwork with a fairly wide outer bank. The terms mini-henge or Dorchester henge are sometimes used as synonyms for hengiform monument. An example is the Neolithic site at Wormy Hillock Henge.
  3. Henge enclosure. A Neolithic ring earthwork with the ditch inside the bank, with the central flat area having abundant evidence of occupation and usually being more than 300 m (980 ft) in diameter. Some true henges are as large as this, but lack evidence of domestic occupation. Super-henge or superhenge is sometimes used as a synonym for a henge enclosure. However, sometimes the term is used to indicate size alone rather than use, e.g. "Marden henge ... is the least understood of the four British 'superhenges' ".
<span class="mw-page-title-main">Avebury</span> Neolithic henge monument in Wiltshire, England

Avebury is a Neolithic henge monument containing three stone circles, around the village of Avebury in Wiltshire, in south-west England. One of the best-known prehistoric sites in Britain, it contains the largest megalithic stone circle in the world. It is both a tourist attraction and a place of religious importance to contemporary pagans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arbor Low</span> Neolithic henge in Derbyshire, England

Arbor Low is a well-preserved Neolithic henge in the Derbyshire Peak District, England. It lies on a Carboniferous Limestone plateau known as the White Peak area. The monument consists of a stone circle surrounded by earthworks and a ditch.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Windmill Hill, Avebury</span> Archaeological type site in England

Windmill Hill is a Neolithic causewayed enclosure in the English county of Wiltshire, part of the Avebury World Heritage Site, about 1 mile (2 km) northwest of Avebury. Enclosing an area of 21 acres (8.5 ha), it is the largest known causewayed enclosure in Britain. The site was first occupied around 3800 BC, although the only evidence is a series of pits apparently dug by an agrarian society using Hembury pottery.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thornborough Henges</span> Neolithic henge complex in North Yorkshire, England

The Thornborough Henges are an ancient monument complex that includes the three aligned henges that give the site its name. They are located on a raised plateau above the River Ure near the village of Thornborough in North Yorkshire, England. The site includes many large ancient structures including a cursus, henges, burial grounds and settlements.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Sanctuary</span> Prehistoric site in Wiltshire, England

The Sanctuary was a stone and timber circle near the village of Avebury in the south-western English county of Wiltshire. Excavation has revealed the location of the 58 stone sockets and 62 post-holes. The ring was part of a tradition of stone circle construction that spread throughout much of Britain, Ireland, and Brittany during the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age, over a period between 3300 and 900 BCE. The purpose of such monuments is unknown, although archaeologists speculate that the stones represented supernatural entities for the circle's builders.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Minninglow</span> Archaeological site in Derbyshire, UK

Minninglow is a hill in the Peak District National Park in Derbyshire, located within the White Peak area at grid reference SK209573. Within the clump of trees crowning the hill are a Neolithic chambered tomb and two Bronze Age bowl barrows.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Bull Ring</span> Neolithic henge monument in Derbyshire

The Bull Ring is a Class II henge that was built in the late Neolithic period near Dove Holes in Derbyshire, England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Earthworks (archaeology)</span> General term to describe artificial changes in land level in history and pre-history

In archaeology, earthworks are artificial changes in land level, typically made from piles of artificially placed or sculpted rocks and soil. Earthworks can themselves be archaeological features, or they can show features beneath the surface.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cursus Barrows</span> Barrow cemetery in England

The Cursus Barrows is the name given to a Neolithic and Bronze Age round barrow cemetery lying mostly south of the western end of the Stonehenge Cursus, in Wiltshire, England. The cemetery contains around 18 barrows scattered along an east-to-west ridge, although some of the mounds are no longer visible. The Cursus Barrows can be seen just north of the route between the Stonehenge Visitor Centre and Stonehenge.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marden Henge</span> Neolithic henge monument

Marden Henge is the largest Neolithic henge enclosure discovered to date in the United Kingdom. The monument is north-east of the village of Marden, Wiltshire, within the Vale of Pewsey and between the World Heritage Sites of Avebury and Stonehenge.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Knowlton Circles</span>

Knowlton Circles are a complex of henges and earthworks in Knowlton, Dorset, England. The henge enclosing Knowlton Church is the best known and best preserved, but there are at least two other henges in the vicinity as well as numerous round barrows.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nine Stones Close</span> Stone circle in Derbyshire, England

Nine Stones Close, also known as the Grey Ladies, is a stone circle on Harthill Moor in Derbyshire in the English East Midlands. It is part of a tradition of stone circle construction that spread throughout much of Britain, Ireland, and Brittany during the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Ages, over a period between 3300 and 900 BCE. The purpose of the monument is unknown.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Priddy Nine Barrows and Ashen Hill Barrow Cemeteries</span> Archaeological site in Somerset, United Kingdom

Priddy Nine Barrows Cemetery and Ashen Hill Barrow Cemetery are a collection of round barrows, dating from the Bronze Age, near Priddy in the English county of Somerset. They are designated as ancient monuments.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coneybury Henge</span> Henge in Wiltshire, England

Coneybury Henge is a henge which is part of the Stonehenge Landscape in Wiltshire, England. The henge, which has been almost completely flattened, was only discovered in the 20th century. Geophysical surveys and excavation have uncovered many of its features, which include a northeast entrance, an internal circle of postholes, and fragments of bone and pottery.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Micah Salt</span> British archaeologist

Micah Salt was a tailor and amateur archaeologist from Buxton in Derbyshire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Middleton and Smerrill</span> Civil parish in Derbyshire, England

Middleton and Smerrill is a civil parish within the Derbyshire Dales district, in the county of Derbyshire, England. Largely rural except for the village of Middleton-by-Youlgreave and isolated farms, Middleton and Smerrill's population is 137 residents in 2011. It is 130 miles (210 km) north west of London, 20 miles (32 km) north west of the county city of Derby, and 4+12 miles (7.2 km) south west of the nearest market town of Bakewell. Middleton and Smerrill is wholly within the Peak District national park, in the southern part of the area. It is one of the largest parishes but among the smallest by way of residents, and shares a border with the parishes of Gratton, Hartington Middle Quarter, Hartington Nether Quarter, Hartington Town Quarter, Monyash and Youlgreave. There are 31 listed structures in Middleton and Smerrill.