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The Girl with an Oar (Russian : Девушка с веслом) is an archetypal example of Socialist Realism in outdoors architecture of the Soviet Union. Numerous gypsum alabaster versions authored by Ivan Shadr and Romuald Iodko adorned Soviet parks of culture and recreation, and young pioneer camps. [1]
Seen as a symbol of Soviet park sculpture style today, it was part of the monumental propaganda of sports, a model of a healthy person, ubiquitous in Soviet arts of late 1920s–1930s. [1]
The first Girl with an Oar by Shadr was that of a naked girl. It was heavily criticized for being "too vulgar". It was destroyed and known only from a single photo. The second one was naked as well, "more chaste" but still naked. [2] Initially installed in Gorky Park, Moscow, it was criticized as well and eventually "disappeared", and Shadr made another copy to be installed in Luhansk, Ukrainian SSR. [3] The sculpture was destroyed during World War II.
The popular stereotype of the Girl with an Oar is the one in a swimsuit, created by Romuald Iodko. [2] [1]
In 2011 the reconstructed naked version of the sculpture was reinstalled in Gorky Park. [4]
Alexei Maximovich Peshkov, popularly known as Maxim Gorky, was a Russian and Soviet writer and proponent of socialism. He was nominated five times for the Nobel Prize in Literature. Before his success as an author, he travelled widely across the Russian Empire changing jobs frequently, experiences which would later influence his writing.
Pyotr (Cheshuin) Tayozhny (1887—1952) was a Russian sculptor. He studied at the Artistic Industrial School in Yekaterinburg together with his close friend, sculptor Ivan Shadr. Later he worked with Faberge in Moscow. Discouraged by the turmoil that followed the 1917 October Revolution, he left Moscow with his wife and two daughters and settled for several years in the Altay region. His pseyudanym "Tayozhny" comes from those rural years, it originates from the word taiga. In the 1920s, after returning to the capital, Pyotr Tayozhny together with Shadr was one of the authors of the first designs of the order of Lenin, the highest Soviet award. He later specialised in miniature pieces for book covers which included Bas-reliefs of Soviet leaders, including Joseph Stalin and writers, including Aleksandr Pushkin, Maksim Gorky, Gustave Flaubert, as well as medals, one of them depicting Vladimir Lenin lying in state. The medal is now a collector's item and a good example of the 1920s Soviet cultural propaganda.
Ivan Shadr, pseudonym of Ivan Dmitriyevich Ivanov was a Russian/Soviet sculptor and medalist who took his pseudonym after his hometown of Shadrinsk.
Vera Ignatyevna Mukhina was a Soviet sculptor and painter. She was nicknamed "the queen of Soviet sculpture". She was one of the members of the art association ‘The Four Arts’, which existed in Moscow and Leningrad from 1924 to 1931.
Gorky Film Studio is a municipally-owned film studio in Moscow, Russia. By the end of the Soviet Union, Gorky Film Studio had produced more than 1,000 films. Many film classics were filmed at the Gorky Film Studio throughout its history and some of these were granted international awards at various film festivals.
German Germanovich Galynin was a Russian composer, student, and continuer of the Shostakovich and Myaskovsky line in Soviet classic music.
The Barmaley is an informal name of a fountain in the city of Volgograd. Its official name is Children's Khorovod. The statue is of a circle of six children dancing the khorovod around a crocodile. While the original fountain was removed in the 1950s, two replicas were installed in 2013.
Valentin Andreevich Galochkin was a prominent Soviet sculptor.
Lev Alexandrovich Russov was a Soviet Russian painter, graphic artist, and sculptor, living and working in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists and representative of the Leningrad school of painting, most known for his portrait painting.
Yuri Mikhailovich Neprintsev was a Soviet and Russian painter, graphic artist, art teacher, professor of the Repin Institute of Arts, and a member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR. He is regarded by art historian Sergei V. Ivanov as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad School of Painting, most famous for his genre and battle paintings.
Mitchell Fields was a Romanian-born American sculptor, known for his life-size sculptures, as well as for his portraits. Fields's works belong to the schools of Realism and Social Realism.
The year 1927 was marked by many events that left an imprint on the history of Soviet and Russian Fine Arts.
This is a bibliography of the works of Maxim Gorky.
Romuald Romualdovich Iodko was a Soviet sculptor, known for his works in outdoor sculpture in the style of socialist realism, such as Girl with an Oar and Children's Khorovod fountain; Meritorious Sculptor of the RSFSR.
A Girl with Character is a 1939 Soviet comedy film directed by Konstantin Yudin.
In the Ravine is a 1900 novella by Anton Chekhov first published in the No.1, January issue of Zhizn magazine.
The bombing of Gorky by the German Luftwaffe was the most destructive attack on Soviet war production on the Eastern Front of World War II. It lasted intermittently from October 1941 to June 1943, with 43 raids carried out.
Vera Danilovna Voloshina was a Russian partisan who after joining the Red Army took part in subversive activities against the Nazis in World War II. After being ambushed by the Germans in November 1941, she was brutally hanged near the village of Golovkovo in the Naro-Fominsky District to the southwest of Moscow. According to legend, she was also the model behind Ivan Shadr's Girl with an Oar sculpture in Moscow's Gorky Park. In 1994, Voloshina was honoured posthumously as a Heroine of the Russian Federation.
The Last Ones is a 1908 four-act drama by Maxim Gorky.
"Old Izergil" is a 1895 short story by Maxim Gorky, written in the autumn of 1894 and first published by Samarskaya Gazeta, issues 80, 86 and 89, on 16, 23 and 27 April respectively.