GlobalPlatform

Last updated
GlobalPlatform
AbbreviationGP
Formation1999;26 years ago (1999)
Founder Visa Inc.
Type Nonprofit, consortium
Legal status Association
PurposePromotion of digital security technical standards
Location
Region served
Worldwide
Membership100 companies (2024)
Official language
English
Executive Director
Ana Lattibeaudiere
Website globalplatform.org
Formerly called
Visa OpenPlatform

GlobalPlatform (formerly Visa OpenPlatform) is a non profit industry consortium for technical standards focused on the interoperability, management and security of embedded hardware such as smart cards. [1] The GlobalPlatform specifications are the de facto standard for remote management of smart card applications. [2]

Contents

GlobalPlatform has more than 100 members, including Visa, Mastercard, Qualcomm, T-Mobile US, Apple, and Samsung. [3] Membership tiers include full member, observer and public entities with fees based on the level of involvement. [4]

History

Former logo of GlobalPlatform Logo of GlobalPlatform (old).svg
Former logo of GlobalPlatform

Visa Inc. introduced the Visa OpenPlatform smart card specification in April 1998 to support the development of multi-application smart cards based on Java Card technology. [5] In 1999, Visa donated the specifications to the OpenPlatform Consortium in order to drive wider adoption. The OpenPlatform Consortium and the specifications themselves were renamed GlobalPlatform later that year. [1] [6] Mastercard joined the association in 2001, who intended to include MULTOS. [7] American Express joined in 2009. [8]

Specifications

The specifications cover security, interoperability, and multi-application functionality. Key components include lifecycle management for secure application handling, a Card Manager for central control, and security domains for application isolation. The specifications also define secure channel protocols for data communication and offers an API. [4]

In recent years, GlobalPlatform has expanded its scope beyond physical smart cards to include other technologies or form factors that require a secure element. These include embedded SIMs (eSIMs), Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) that provide a secure area independent of the device operating system, and IoT devices. [3]

The GlobalPlatform specifications and security frameworks are incorporated into other industry standards. For example, they form part of the ETSI/3GPP standards that define how SIM cards are used to authenticate users on mobile networks. [9] [10] GlobalPlatform is also used within the EMV standard to secure card, contactless, and smartphone-based payments. [11]

See also

Further reading

References

  1. 1 2 Mayes, Keith; Markantonakis, Konstantinos (2017). "3.2.2: The GlobalPlatform Card Specificiation". Smart Cards, Tokens, Security and Applications (2nd ed.). Springer International Publishing. pp. 73–81. ISBN   978-3-319-50500-8.
  2. ↑ Sabt, Mohamed; Traoré, Jacques (2016). "Cryptanalysis of GlobalPlatform Secure Channel Protocols". In Chen, Lidong; McGrew, David; Mitchell, Chris (eds.). Security Standardisation Research. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 10074. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 62–91. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-49100-4_3. ISBN   978-3-319-49100-4.
  3. 1 2 Niwano, Eikazu (February 2019). "New Standardization Trends at GlobalPlatform--Secure Components for the IoT Era". NTT Technical Review. 17 (2): 63–69. doi:10.53829/ntr201902gls. ISSN   2436-5327.
  4. 1 2 Markantonakis, Konstantinos; Mayes, Keith (March 2003). "An overview of the GlobalPlatform smart card specification". Information Security Technical Report. 8 (1): 17–29. doi:10.1016/S1363-4127(03)00103-1.
  5. ↑ "JavaCard - From Hype to Reality". IBM Zurich Research Lab. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
  6. ↑ Rao, H. R.; Gupta, Manish; Upadhyaya, Shambhu; IGI Global, eds. (2007). Managing information assurance in financial services. Hershey, Pa: IGI Global (701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA). p. 175. ISBN   978-1-59904-173-5.
  7. ↑ "MasterCard joins GlobalPlatform". Card Technology Today. 13 (9): 3–4. October 2001. doi:10.1016/s0965-2590(01)01005-2. ISSN   0965-2590.
  8. ↑ Wade, Will (September 30, 2009). "Amex Joins Smart Card Trade Group". American Banker – via Ebsco.
  9. ↑ Welte, Harald (2024-06-02). GlobalPlatform in USIM and eUICC . Retrieved 2024-11-17– via Osmocom.
  10. ↑ "Smart Cards; Remote APDU structure for UICC based application" (PDF). ETSI. October 2022.
  11. ↑ "A Guide to EMV Chip Technology". EMVCo. November 2014.
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