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A think tank, or policy institute, is a research institute that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture. Most think tanks are non-governmental organizations, but some are semi-autonomous agencies within government, and some are associated with particular political parties, businesses or the military. Think tanks are often funded by individual donations, with many also accepting government grants.
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is an organization that generally is formed independent from government. They are typically nonprofit entities, and many of them are active in humanitarianism or the social sciences; they can also include clubs and associations that provide services to their members and others. NGOs can also be lobby groups for corporations, such as the World Economic Forum. NGOs are distinguished from international and intergovernmental organizations (IOs) in that the latter are more directly involved with sovereign states and their governments.
The Mexico City policy, sometimes referred to by its critics as the global gag rule, is a former United States government policy that blocked U.S. federal funding for non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that provided abortion counseling or referrals, advocated to decriminalize abortion, or expanded abortion services. When in effect, the Mexico City policy is a U.S. government policy that requires foreign non-governmental organizations to certify that they will not "perform or actively promote abortion as a method of family planning" with non-U.S. funds as a condition for receiving U.S. global family planning assistance, and during its January 23, 2017 implementation any other U.S. global health assistance, including U.S. global HIV and maternal and child health (MCH) assistance.
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Ilona Kickbusch is a German political scientist best known for her contribution to health promotion and global health. She is adjunct professor at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva.
Alexandre Kalache is a medical epidemiologist specializing in the study of aging. Since 2012 he is President of the International Longevity Centre-Brazil and since 2015 co-President of the Global Alliance of International Longevity Centres (ILC-GA). He formerly directed the World Health Organization global ageing programme at its Geneva headquarters following an academic career largely at the Universities of London and Oxford in the United Kingdom. Kalache has researched, written and spoken in the field of ageing issues as an academic, an international civil servant and an advocate.
References
- 1 2 Capdevila, Gustavo (2001-10-09). "World News - Profit alone motivates drug companies, say health activists". Asheville Global Report. Archived from the original on 2013-04-15. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
- ↑ "Research Policy". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on December 18, 2008. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
- ↑ "Dr. G.H. Brundtland: Global Forum For Health Research". World Health Organization. 2002-02-18. Archived from the original on August 23, 2000. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
- 1 2 "Global Forum for Health Research". International Clinical Epidemeology Network. Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
- ↑ "Global Forum stresses healthcare for developing countries". Xinhua News Agency. 2007-10-30. Archived from the original on October 31, 2007. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
- 1 2 Tembely, Ramata (2008-11-21). "Call for action to strengthen research for health , development and equity" (in French). L'Independant. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
- ↑ "GFHR - Donors". Global Forum for Health Research. Archived from the original on 2010-08-12. Retrieved 2010-10-15.
