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Semiconductor device fabrication is the process used to manufacture semiconductor devices,typically integrated circuits (ICs) such as computer processors,microcontrollers,and memory chips that are present in everyday electrical and electronic devices. It is a multiple-step photolithographic and physio-chemical process during which electronic circuits are gradually created on a wafer,typically made of pure single-crystal semiconducting material. Silicon is almost always used,but various compound semiconductors are used for specialized applications.
A system on a chip or system-on-chip is an integrated circuit that integrates most or all components of a computer or other electronic system. These components almost always include on-chip central processing unit (CPU),memory interfaces,input/output devices and interfaces,and secondary storage interfaces,often alongside other components such as radio modems and a graphics processing unit (GPU) –all on a single substrate or microchip. SoCs may contain digital and also analog,mixed-signal and often radio frequency signal processing functions.
An application-specific integrated circuit is an integrated circuit (IC) chip customized for a particular use,rather than intended for general-purpose use,such as a chip designed to run in a digital voice recorder or a high-efficiency video codec. Application-specific standard product chips are intermediate between ASICs and industry standard integrated circuits like the 7400 series or the 4000 series. ASIC chips are typically fabricated using metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) technology,as MOS integrated circuit chips.
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited is a Taiwanese multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company. It is the world's second most valuable semiconductor company,the world's largest dedicated independent ("pure-play") semiconductor foundry,and its country's largest company,with headquarters and main operations located in the Hsinchu Science Park in Hsinchu,Taiwan. It is majority owned by foreign investors,and the central government of Taiwan is the largest shareholder.
A gate array is an approach to the design and manufacture of application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) using a prefabricated chip with components that are later interconnected into logic devices according to custom order by adding metal interconnect layers in the factory. It was popular during the upheaval in the semiconductor industry in the 1980s,and its usage declined by the end of the 1990s.
The foundry model is a microelectronics engineering and manufacturing business model consisting of a semiconductor fabrication plant,or foundry,and an integrated circuit design operation,each belonging to separate companies or subsidiaries.
Fabless manufacturing is the design and sale of hardware devices and semiconductor chips while outsourcing their fabrication to a specialized manufacturer called a semiconductor foundry. These foundries are typically,but not exclusively,located in the United States,China,and Taiwan. Fabless companies can benefit from lower capital costs while concentrating their research and development resources on the end market. Some fabless companies and pure play foundries may offer integrated-circuit design services to third parties.
Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing,Inc. (CSM),was a Singaporean semiconductor company.
In electronic design,a semiconductor intellectual property core,IP core,or IP block is a reusable unit of logic,cell,or integrated circuit layout design that is the intellectual property of one party. IP cores can be licensed to another party or owned and used by a single party. The term comes from the licensing of the patent or source code copyright that exists in the design. Designers of system on chip (SoC),application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) and systems of field-programmable gate array (FPGA) logic can use IP cores as building blocks.
Integrated circuit design,or IC design,is a sub-field of electronics engineering,encompassing the particular logic and circuit design techniques required to design integrated circuits,or ICs. ICs consist of miniaturized electronic components built into an electrical network on a monolithic semiconductor substrate by photolithography.
Multi-project chip (MPC),and multi-project wafer (MPW) semiconductor manufacturing arrangements allow customers to share tooling and microelectronics wafer fabrication cost between several designs or projects.
Aldec,Inc. is a privately owned electronic design automation company based in Henderson,Nevada that provides software and hardware used in creation and verification of digital designs targeting FPGA and ASIC technologies.
The term die shrink refers to the scaling of metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) devices. The act of shrinking a die creates a somewhat identical circuit using a more advanced fabrication process,usually involving an advance of lithographic nodes. This reduces overall costs for a chip company,as the absence of major architectural changes to the processor lowers research and development costs while at the same time allowing more processor dies to be manufactured on the same piece of silicon wafer,resulting in less cost per product sold.
Faraday Technology Corporation is a fabless ASIC / SoC and silicon IP provider. From specification level to GDSII-in,its flexible engagement model allows customers at various levels in the design phase to begin ASIC implementation.
eSilicon is a semiconductor design and manufacturing services company that delivers custom ICs and IPs to OEMs.
Alchip is a fabless semiconductor company founded in 2003 and headquartered in Taipei,Taiwan. Alchip specializes in the design and manufacture of digital CMOS ASICs.
GlobalFoundries Inc. (GF) is a multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company incorporated in the Cayman Islands and headquartered in Malta,New York. Created by the divestiture of the manufacturing arm of AMD,the company was privately owned by Mubadala Investment Company,the sovereign wealth fund of the United Arab Emirates,until an initial public offering (IPO) in October 2021.
Field-programmable gate array prototyping,also referred to as FPGA-based prototyping,ASIC prototyping or system-on-chip (SoC) prototyping,is the method to prototype system-on-chip and application-specific integrated circuit designs on FPGAs for hardware verification and early software development.
Advanced Semiconductor Engineering,Inc.,also known as ASE Group,is a provider of independent semiconductor assembling and test manufacturing services,with its headquarters in Kaohsiung,Taiwan.
The semiconductor industry,including Integrated Circuit (IC) manufacturing,design,and packing,forms a major part of Taiwan's IT industry. Due to its strong capabilities in OEM wafer manufacturing and a complete industry supply chain,Taiwan has been able to distinguish itself as a leading microchip manufacturer and dominate the global marketplace. Taiwan’s semiconductor sector accounted for US$115 billion,around 20 percent of the global semiconductor industry. In sectors such as foundry operations,Taiwanese companies account for 50 percent of the world market,with Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) the biggest player in the foundry market.
References
- ↑ "Company Profile". GUC. Retrieved 2011-02-20.
- ↑ "TSMC gains control of Global Unichip". Design & Reuse. March 15, 2003.
- ↑ "Office Location".
