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Gurlino Tombesi or Gorlino of Ravenna (died 25 April 1501, in Ravenna) was an Italian condottiero who fought for Ravenna and the Venetian Republic.
His father Giacomo Tombesi dall'Ova was a nobleman and one of the four senators of Ravenna in the first half of the 15th century, whilst it was under the control of the da Polenta family. He, Matteo Balbo and Obizio Monaldini were beheaded in 1440 on the orders of Ostasio III da Polenta for plotting in favour of a Venetian takeover. [1] Gurlino's great-grandfather Jacobus Tombesiis ab Ovis, son of Johannis de Ferraria, had bought a house in Ravenna in 1352. [2]
A confirmed Ghibelline, Gurlino had a son called Gurlotto who was a Guelph and who was killed in the Camera dei Savi massacre in Ravenna on 4 July 1522. He also had a daughter called Lieta who married Giuliano Rasponi (a Ravennese patrician) and another whose name is unknown who married Paolo Aldobrandini (or Aldovrandini), a captain. Gurlino's brother Bartolomeo, founder of the Tombesi branch, moved to the Marche.
Gurlino became a soldier in his youth, initially under Francesco Gonzaga then in the service of the Venetian Republic, which had expelled the Da Polenta family from Ravenna, exiled them to Candia and gained control over Ravenna. In 1492 he was constable (i.e. a cavalry commander) at Rovereto, whose fortress was housing the Venetian ambassadors Giorgio Contarini and Paolo Pisani, who were awaiting Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor to try to find a diplomatic solution to the conflict between Venice and Tyrol after Venice's defeat in 1487, in which the same fortress had fallen into Sigismund's hands after a 49-day siege by general Gaudenzio Matsch.
In July 1495 Gurlino took part in the battle of Fornovo between Charles VIII of France and Venice, commanding a column of around a thousand infantry and then (with Giovanni del Matto) the third Venetian line, consisting of around 3,000 men. After Novara was captured, he fought and beat the Duke of Orleans. In 1497 he fought the French to capture Genoa before leaving Alessandria to settle in Felizzano without the consent of Andrea Zancano and Niccolò Foscarini, commanders of the Venetian army.
Filippo Buondelmonti degli Scolari, known as Pippo Spano, was an Italian magnate, general, strategist and confidant of King Sigismund of Hungary, born in the Republic of Florence. The personal friend of Sigismund and member of the Order of the Dragon, he was buried in the Székesfehérvár Basilica beside the Hungarian kings.
Pietro Loredan was a Venetian nobleman of the Loredan family and a distinguished military commander both on sea and on land. He fought against the Ottomans, winning the Battle of Gallipoli (1416), played a leading role in the conquest of Dalmatia in 1411–1420, and participated in several campaigns against Venice's Italian rivals, Genoa and Milan, to secure Venice's mainland domains (Terraferma). He also held a number of senior political positions as Avogador de Comùn, ducal councillor, and governor of Zara, Friuli, and Brescia, and was honoured with the position of Procurator of St Mark's in 1425. In 1423, he contended for the position of Doge of Venice, but lost to his bitter rival Francesco Foscari; their rivalry was such that when Loredan died, Foscari was suspected of having poisoned him.
The Golden Ambrosian Republic was a short-lived government founded in Milan by members of the University of Pavia with popular support, during the first phase of the Milanese War of Succession. With the aid of Francesco Sforza they held out against the forces of the Republic of Venice, but after a betrayal Sforza defected and captured Milan to become Duke himself, abolishing the Republic.
Bartolomeo Colleoni was an Italian condottiero, who became captain-general of the Republic of Venice. Colleoni "gained reputation as the foremost tactician and disciplinarian of the 15th century". He is also credited with having refurbished the Roman baths at Trescore Balneario.
The military history of the Republic of Venice started shortly after its founding, spanning a period from the 9th century until the Republic’s fall in the 18th century.
The Wars in Lombardy were a series of conflicts between the Republic of Venice and the Duchy of Milan and their respective allies, fought in four campaigns in a struggle for hegemony in Northern Italy that ravaged the economy of Lombardy and weakened the power of Venice. They lasted from 1423 until the signing of the Treaty of Lodi in 1454. During their course, the political structure of Italy was transformed: out of a competitive congeries of communes and city-states emerged the five major Italian territorial powers that would make up the map of Italy for the remainder of the 15th century and the beginning of the Italian Wars at the turn of the 16th century. They were Venice, Milan, Florence, the Papal States and Naples. Important cultural centers of Tuscany and Northern Italy—Siena, Pisa, Urbino, Mantua, Ferrara—became politically marginalized.
The da Polenta or Polentani were an old noble Italian family whose name derives from the Castle of Polenta near Bertinoro in Romagna.
Reniero Zeno was the 45th Doge of Venice, reigning from 1 January 1253 until his death in 1268.
Obizzo da Polenta was an Italian nobleman and politician and the lord of Ravenna of the da Polenta family.
Paolo Malatesta, also known as il Bello, was the third son of Malatesta da Verucchio, lord of Rimini. He is best known for the story of his affair with Francesca da Polenta, portrayed by Dante in a famous episode of his Inferno. He was the brother of Giovanni (Gianciotto) and Malatestino Malatesta.
The Domini di Terraferma was the hinterland territories of the Republic of Venice beyond the Adriatic coast in Northeast Italy. They were one of the three subdivisions of the Republic's possessions, the other two being the original Dogado (Duchy) and the Stato da Màr.
The Traversari are a noble Italian family. The dynasty's history was mostly connected to Ravenna, which it ruled between the 12th and 13th centuries. St. Romuald was the son of Duke Sergio degli Onesti of Ravenna and of Traversara Traversari, daughter of Teodoro Traversari, son of Paolo I Traversari.
Taddeo d'Este was a condottiere, a freelance military leader, who was known for his defense of the Republic of Venice in 1439 against Milanese forces under Niccolò Piccinino. Unlike many other condottieri of the day, who often changed sides, he served Venice almost exclusively throughout his thirty-year military career. During most of this period Venice was constantly at war with one or more of the neighboring states in northern Italy.
Ferrante d'Este was a Ferrarese nobleman and condottiero. He was the son of Ercole I d'Este and Eleonora d'Aragona - he was named after his mother's father Ferdinand I of Naples. His five siblings were Alfonso I d'Este, cardinal Ippolito d'Este, Isabella d'Este, wife of Francesco II Gonzaga, Beatrice d'Este, and Sigismondo d'Este. His two illegitimate half-siblings were Giulio and Lucrezia d'Este.
Ruggero Cane Ranieri was an Italian military leader and a major political figure in the city of Perugia during the first half of the 15th century. He was a member of the noble lineage of the Counts Ranieri of Civitella Ranieri, near Umbertide.
This is an alphabetical index of people, places, things, and concepts related to or originating from the Republic of Venice. Feel free to add more, and create missing pages.
Desiderio Spreti (1414-1474) was an Italian historian of contemporary Ravenna.
The War of Padua was a conflict in 1404–1405 between the Republic of Venice and the Carrarese lordship of Padua. In the power vacuum produced by the death of the Duke of Milan, Gian Galeazzo Visconti, in 1402, Francesco II da Carrara endeavored to expand into the Veneto and capture cities held by Visconti troops. These designs alarmed Venice, which allied with Milan to counter the common threat posed by the Carrarese state, and for the first time adopted a policy of direct intervention in the affairs of its hinterland.
Paolo Savelli was an Italian condottiero who served under Alberico da Barbiano in the Papal States and the Kingdom of Naples, before entering the service of the Duchy of Milan in its wars with Florence. He finally served the Republic of Venice as its commander-in-chief during the War of Padua, dying of the plague during the final siege of Padua.