Gypenoside

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Gypenosides are triterpenoid saponins and are the main active components of Gynostemma pentaphyllum , a climbing plant in the family Cucurbitaceae. [1] They have been traditionally used in herbal medicine and have been shown to be effective in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, although their mechanism of action is unknown. [2]

Gypenoside A has the chemical formula C46H74O17. [3]

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Gynostemma is a genus of perennial climbing vines in the cucumber, gourd, and melon family, comprising at least 19 species, all native to the tropical East or Far East, inclusive of the Himalayas: China ; the islands of Japan; Malaysia; and New Guinea. The term Gynostemma is derived from Ancient Greek γυνή meaning "woman" or "female", and στέμμα meaning "wreath" or "garland". In (post-)classical Latin the form stemma is attested as Greek loanword. In Ancient Greek and Latin, stemma is of neuter gender. German-Dutch botanist Carl Ludwig Blume described Gynostemma from two species he named: G. pedata and G. simplicifolia. Neither species was clearly designated by him as the type; however, the former species, G. pedatum is now considered to be a synonym of G. pentaphyllum(Thunb.) Makino. The genus was published in 1825, in Carl Ludwig von Blume's Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië.

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References

  1. Lu, Kung-Wen; Chen, Jung-Chou; Lai, Tung-Yuan; Yang, Jai-Sing; Weng, Shu-Wen; Ma, Yi-Shih; Tang, Nou-Ying; Lu, Pei-Jung; Weng, Jing-Ru; Chung, Jing-Gung (2010-05-01). "Gypenosides Causes DNA Damage and Inhibits Expression of DNA Repair Genes of Human Oral Cancer SAS Cells". In Vivo. 24 (3): 287–291. ISSN   0258-851X. PMID   20555000 . Retrieved 2018-07-14.
  2. Tanner, MA; Bu, X; Steimle, JA; Myers, PR (1999). "The direct release of nitric oxide by gypenosides derived from the herb Gynostemma pentaphyllum". Nitric Oxide. 3 (5): 359–365. doi:10.1006/niox.1999.0245. PMID   10534439.
  3. Pubchem. "Gypenoside A" . Retrieved 2018-07-14.