History | |
---|---|
Kingdom of England | |
Name | HMS Burford |
Namesake | Charles Beauclerk, Duke of Burford |
Ordered | April 1677 |
Builder | Phineas Pett (completed by Thomas Shish), Woolwich Dockyard |
Launched | November 1679 |
Commissioned | 15 December 1679 |
In service | 1679–1719 |
Honours and awards |
|
Fate | Wrecked, 14 February 1719 |
General characteristics as built | |
Class and type | 70-gun third rate ship of the line |
Tons burthen | 1,05132⁄94 (bm) |
Length |
|
Beam | 40 ft 4 in (12.29 m) |
Draught | 18 ft 0 in (5.49 m) |
Depth of hold | 17 ft 3 in (5.26 m) |
Propulsion | Sails |
Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
Armament |
|
General characteristics after 1699 rebuild | |
Class and type | 70-gun third rate ship of the line |
Tons burthen | 1,11325⁄94 (bm) |
Length |
|
Beam | 40 ft 8+3⁄4 in (12.4 m) |
Depth of hold | 16 ft 4+1⁄4 in (5.0 m) |
Propulsion | Sails |
Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
Armament |
|
HMS Burford was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line built at Woolwich Dockyard in 1677/79 as part of the Thirty Ships Programme of 1677. [1] She fought in the War of the English Succession, including the Battle of Barfleur, before being rebuilt at Deptford in 1699, remaining as a 70-gun third rate. [2] During the War of Spanish Succession she was mostly in the Mediterranean fleet and fought at the capture of Gibraltar and the Battle of Málaga in 1704 before being extensively repaired between 1710 and 1712 at Portsmouth Dockyard. Burford served in the Baltic in 1715 and 1717 before returning to the Mediterranean to fight the Spanish at the Battle of Cape Passaro in 1718. She was wrecked on the Italian coast in a storm on 14 February 1719. [2]
She was named in honour of Charles II illegitimate son, Charles Beauclerk, his son with Nell Gwynn. Charles Beauclerk was made the Duke of Burford in 1676. [3] This was the first vessel to bear the name Burford in the English and Royal Navy. [4]
HMS Burford was awarded the Battle Honour Barfleur 1692, Gibraltar 1704, and Velez-Malaga 1704, Passaro 1718. [5]
She was ordered in April 1677 to be built at Woolwich Dockyard under the guidance of Master Shipwright Phineas Pett (until February 1678) and completed by Thomas Shish. She was launched in November 1679. Her dimensions were a gundeck of 152 feet 4 inches (46.43 metres) with a keel of 121 feet 6 inches (37.03 metres) for tonnage calculation with a breadth of 40 feet 4 inches (12.29 metres) and a depth of hold of 17 feet 3 inches (5.26 metres). Her builder’s measure tonnage was calculated as 1,05132⁄94 tons (burthen). Her draught was 18 feet 0 inches (5.49 metres). [6] [2]
Her initial gun armament was in accordance with the 1677 Establishment with 72/60 guns consisting of twenty-six demi-cannons (54 cwt, [Note 1] 9.5 ft) on the lower deck (LD), twenty-six 12-pounder guns (32 cwt, 9 ft) on the upper deck (UD), ten sakers (16 cwt, 7 ft) on the quarterdeck (QD), and four sakers (16 cwt, 7 ft) on the foc's'le (Fc), with four 3-pounder guns (5 cwt, 5 ft) on the poop deck or roundhouse (RH). By 1688 she would carry 70 guns as per the 1685 Establishment. Her initial manning establishment would be for a crew of 460/380/300 personnel. [6] [2]
HMS Burford was commissioned on 15 December 1679 under the command of Captain John Perryman until 30 January 1680 for transport to Chatham. Upon arrival she was placed in Ordinary for nine years in the general neglect of the fleet during the 1680s. She was commissioned in 1689 under the command of Captain Charles Skelton until 1690. In 1691 she was under command of Captain Thomas Harlow. She fought in the Battle of Barfleur in Centre (Red) Squadron, Rear Division from 19 to 22 May 1692. [7] [8] Captain Richard Fitzpatrick was in command in 1696. She was at Ile Groix in July 1696. She would be rebuilt at Deptford in 1699. [6]
Like most of her sister third rates of the Thirty Ship Programme HMS Burford was ordered rebuilt in June 1696 under contract by Edward Snelgrove of Deptford. She was docked on 1 November 1697 and completed/launched on 12 September 1698. Her dimensions were a gundeck of 152 feet 9 inches (46.56 metres) with a keel of 126 feet 2 inches (38.46 metres) for tonnage calculation with a breadth of 40 feet 8.75 inches (12.41 metres) and a depth of hold of 16 feet 4.25 inches (4.98 metres). Her builder’s measure tonnage was calculated as 1,11325⁄94 tons (burthen). Her gun armament and crew size would be unchanged. [9] [2]
HMS Burford was commissioned in 1700 under Captain Simon Foulkes as guard ship at Sheerness, She was part of the Fleet that escorted HRH King William III to Holland in 1700. With the outbreak of the War of Spanish Succession in May 1702, she was commissioned in 1702 under the command of Captain Hovenden Walker. She sailed with Admiral Sir George Rooke’s Fleet on 19 July for operations at Cadiz, Spain. On the 19th of September, after accomplishing little the Fleet sailed for Home detaching HMS Burford with a squadron of smaller ships and troop transports for the West Indies . Initially she was under Captain Thomas Meads in 1703, however, in March Captain William Fairborne took command. She sailed to the West Indies in the Autumn. In 1704 she was under the command of Captain Kerryll Roffey sailing with Sir George Rooke’s Fleet. She was the capture of Gibraltar on 23 July 1704. [10] She followed this with the Battle of Velez-Malaga as a member of Center Division on 13 August 1704. [11] She suffered 11 killed with 19 wounded. [9]
In 1705 she was under Captain Boron Wylde for service in the Mediterranean. She spent the winter of 1706/07 with Byng’s squadron. In 1707 she was under Captain John Evans followed by Captain Robert Kirktown while she was still in the Mediterranean. In 1710 she was under Captain Thomas Kempthorne. In 1710 she sailed back to Home Waters then returned to the Mediterranean in 1711 with the Broad Pennant of Captain Charles Cornwall. With the end of the war, she underwent a great repair at Portsmouth at a cost of 12,494.13.6d during October 1712 to May 1714. She was recommissioned in 1715 under Captain Edward Hopson and sailed with Norris’s Fleet to the Baltic. In 1717 under Captain Thomas Scott, she sailed to the Baltic with Vice-Admiral Sir George Byng’s Fleet. In 1718 she was under Captain Charles Vanbrugh sailing with Admiral Sir George Byng’s Fleet in the Mediterranean. She fought in the Battle off Cape Passaro south-east of Sicily, on 11 August 1718. [12] [9]
She was wrecked during a storm in Pentemelia Bay, Italy on 14 February 1719, though her crew was saved. [9]
HMS Stirling Castle was a 70-gun third-rate built at Deptford Dockyard, in 1678/79. She was in active commission for the War of the English Succession, fighting in the Battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. HMS Stirling Castle underwent a rebuild at Chatham Dockyard in 1699. She was in the Cadiz operation in 1702. The ship was wrecked on the Goodwin Sands off Deal on 27 November 1703. The remains are now a Protected Wreck managed by Historic England.
HMS Northumberland was a 70-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Francis Bayley of Bristol in 1677/79. She partook in the last great battle of the War of English Succession and the first battle of the War of Spanish Succession. She was lost in the Great Storm of November 1703.
HMS Restoration was a 70-gun third rate of the Kingdom of England built at Harwich Dockyard in 1677/78. After a ten-year stint in Ordinary she was commissioned for the War of the English Succession in 1690. She fought in the Battles of Beachy Head and the Battle of Barfleur. She was rebuilt at Portsmouth in 1699/1702. She was lost on the Goodwin Sands during the Great Storm of November 1703.
HMS Ruby was a 40-gun frigate of the Commonwealth of England, built by Peter Pett at Deptford. She took part in actions during all three of the Anglo-Dutch Wars of 1652–1654, 1665–1667 and 1672–1674. She later served in the West Indies, and in 1683 was sent to the Leeward Islands to protect British settlements against Caribbean pirate raids. In 1687, the English pirate Joseph Bannister was captured by the crew of Ruby and brought to Port Royal for trial. She was rebuilt in 1687. She was captured by the French in October 1707.
HMS Reserve was one of six 40-gun fourth-rate frigates, built for the Commonwealth of England under the 1650 Programme, after the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660 she was incorporated into the navy of the Kingdom of England. She partook in no major Fleet actions during the First Anglo-Dutch War. After the Restoration during the Second Anglo-Dutch War she partook in the Battle of Lowestoft, the Four Days' Battle and the St James Day Battle. She spent the bulk of her service either in the Mediterranean or at Newfoundland. She foundered off Yarmouth in November 1703.
HMS Captain was a 70-gun third rate built at Woolwich Dockyard in 1677/78. After sitting in Ordinary for ten years she was in active commission for the War of the English Succession fighting at Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was in Ordinary until 1706 when she was rebuilt. She was in active commission for the last half of the War of Spanish Succession but fought in no major engagements. She was at the Battle of Passero I 1718. She was rebuilt in 1720/22. She made two forays in to the Baltic though the bulk of her late career was spent as guardship at Portsmouth. She was hulked in 1740 and finally broken in 1762.
HMS Hampton Court was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched at Deptford Dockyard in 1678. Her initial commission was to move her to Chatham where she spent in the next ten years in Ordinary. She held an active commission for the War of the English Succession, participating in the Battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was rebuilt at Blackwall in 1699/1701. During the War of Spanish Succession she served mainly in the Mediterranean. In 1707 she was taken by the French and incorporated into the French Navy for four years. She was sold to the Spanish in 1712. She was wrecked in Spanish service off the coast of Florida in a hurricane in 1715.
HMS Lenox was a 70-gun third rate built at Deptford Dockyard in 1677/78. She was in active commission for the War of English Succession fighting in the Battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1699. Again in active commission for the War of Spanish Succession fighting in the Capture of Gibraltar and the Battle of Velez Malaga. She followed this with the Battle off Passero. She was rebuilt again in 1721. She was active in the War with Spain, capturing the Princesa then serving in Home Waters, the Mediterranean and finally the West Indies. She was in action off Havana in 1745. She returned home and was placed in Ordinary. She was finally sunk as a breakwater at Sheerness in 1756.
HMS Berwick was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Chatham Dockyard during 1677/1679. After completion she was placed in Ordinary for 10 years. She was commissioned for the War of the English Succession 1689-1697, participating in the battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was rebuilt between 1697 and 1700. She was commissioned for the War of Spanish Succession 1702-1712, participating in the battles of Vigo Bay, Capture of Gibraltar and Velez Malaga. placed in Ordinary in 1712, she was converted to a hulk at Portsmouth in 1715 before being broken in 1742.
HMS Eagle was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Portsmouth Dockyard during 1677/79. When completed she was placed in Ordinary for 10 years. She was in active commission during the War of the English Succession partaking in the Battle of Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1699 at Chatham. She again played an active role in the early part of the War of Spanish Succession participating in the Capture of Gibraltar, and the Battle of Velez Malaga. She was wrecked in the Isles of Scilly in October 1707.
HMS Elizabeth was a 70-gun third rate built at Barnards Yard at Deptford Green by William and Robert Castle of Rotherhithe in 1678/80. She held an active commission during the War of the English Succession fighting in all three major engagements. She was rebuilt at Portsmouth between 1699 and 1704. She was captured by the French off the Scilly Islands in November 1704. She was in the French Navy until she was deleted in 1720.
HMS Essex was a 70-gun third rate built by Sir Henry Johnson of Blackwall in 1678/79. During the War of the English Succession she fought in the last major action. She was rebuilt in 1699/1700. During the War of Spanish Succession she fought at Vigo Bay, the Capture of Gibraltar and Velez Malaga. She also fought at the Battle off Passero in 1718. She was rebuilt again in 1736-40. She was in action off Toulon in 1744. She was active in the Channel and against French ports during the Seven Years War. She fought at Quiberon Bay in 1759. She was wrecked in Quiberon Bay in November 1759.
HMS Expedition was a 70-gun third-rate ship of the line built at Portsmouth Dockyard in 1677/79. She was in active commission during the War of the English Succession participating in the battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1699. Again, for the War of Spanish Succession she was in commission for the operation at Cadiz then returned to England where she sat for two years. She was in the Mediterranean for the Battle of Marbella in 1705. She then went to the West Indies and fought in Wager's action off Cartagena in 1708. She was rebuilt in 1709-14 to the 1706 Establishment. She spent her time split between the Baltic and as guard ship at Portsmouth before being broken at Portsmouth in 1736. She was rebuilt in 1736/40 at Deptford Dockyard.
HMS Grafton was a 70-gun third rate built at Woolwich Dockyard in 1677/79. She was delivered to Chatham and placed in Ordinary in 1679. She was commissioned in 1683 to participate in the evacuation of Tangier, Morocco. She served during the War of the English Succession fighting in the Battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1699/1701. She was in active commission during the War of Spanish Succession. She fought in the Battle of Vigo, the capture of Gibraltar and the Battle of Velez Malaga. She was taken by the French in 1707 and incorporated into the French Navy. Finally, being broken at Brest in 1744.
HMS Kent was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line built by Sir Henry Johnson of Blackwall in 1677/79. She served during the War of English Succession 1699 to 1697, participating in the Battle of Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1697/99. She served during the War of Spanish Succession 1702 to 1712 and partook in the Battles of Vigo and Velez-Malaga. She partook in the Battle of Passaro then served during the short war with Spain, December 1718 to February 1720. She was rebuilt in 1722/26. She spent the next thirteen years as a guard ship at Portsmouth. In the 1740s, she was off Cape Finisterre then in the West Indies. She returned home and was finally broken in 1744.
HMS Pendennis was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line of the Kingdom of England built at Chatham in 1677/79. She was in the War of English Succession. She was in the Battle of Bantry Bay. She was wrecked on the Kentish Knock in October 1689.
HMS Suffolk was a 70-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by contract of 20 February 1678 by Sir Henry Johnson at Blackwall. She participated in the War of the English Succession 1689 - 1697, in the Battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1699. She was actively involved in the War of Spanish Succession 1702 - 1713. Her later career was as guard ship duties, deployments to the Baltic Sea and the West Indies. She was finally broken in 1765 after lying in Ordinary for almost twenty years.
HMS Phoenix was built as a fireship as part of the 1693–94 programme of Fireships. After her commissioning she spent time in the English Channel then joined the Fleet for the Battle of Vigo Bay followed by the Battle of Velez-Malaga. She went aground in the Isles of Scilly and was salvaged. While laid up at Plymouth in 1708 was rebuilt as a 24-gun sixth rate. After recommissioning she spent her time in Home Waters, North America and the West Indies. She was rebuilt again in 1727 before finally being sold in 1744.
HMS Saudadoes was built by Anthony Deane after his transfer to Portsmouth Dockyard as the Master Shipwright. She was a smaller version of the Greyhound design. Initially she was a 8/6-gun sixth rate vessel. She was rebuilt in 1673 as a standard 16-gun vessel. She was commissioned in November 1669 then taken in hand at Deptford for her rebuild. She spent the majority of her career in Home Waters, participating in the Battle of Bantry Bay and the Battle of Barfleur. She went to the Mediterranean for a year in 1694. Her final service was in the Channel where she was captured by two French privateers and burnt in February 1696.
HMS Scarborough was a 32-gun fifth rate built under contract by James Parker of Southampton in 1695/96. She served in the trade protection and counter-piracy operations during her service. She was captured by the French, then recaptured by the British and renamed Garland, She was converted to a fireship for the Baltic then the Mediterranean. She was at the Battle of Passero in 1718. She was reduced to a 20-gun sixth rate in 1717. Rebuilt to the 1719 Establishment in 1721, she was finally sold in 1744.