HMS Scarborough (1694)

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History
English Red Ensign 1620.svg England
NameHMS Scarborough
Ordered10 March 1693
Builder Woolwich Dockyard
Launched15 February 1694
CommissionedJanuary 1694
Captured18 July 1694
FateTaken by two French Privateers and incorporated in to French Service
Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg France
NameLe Duc de Chaulnes
Acquired1694
In service1694–1697
Captured15 February 1697
FateTaken by two English men-of-war and renamed HMS Milford
English Red Ensign 1620.svg England
NameHMS Milford
Acquired15 February 1697
Commissioned1700
FateWrecked on Cape Corrientes, Cuba on 18 June 1720
General characteristics as built
Class and type30-gun fifth rate
Tons burthen37435⁄94 tons (bm)
Length
  • 104 ft 10 in (31.95 m) gundeck
  • 84 ft 5 in (25.73 m) keel for tonnage
Beam28 ft 10.5 in (8.801 m)
Depth of hold11 ft 7 in (3.53 m)
PropulsionSails
Sail plan Full-rigged ship
Armament
  • 1703 Establishment 32/28 guns
  • 4/4 × demi-culverins (LD)
  • 22/20 × 6-pdr guns (UD)
  • 6/4 × 4-pdr guns(QD)
General characteristics 1705 rebuild
Class and type36-gun fifth rate
Tons burthen42089⁄94 tons (bm)
Length
  • 108 ft 7.5 in (33.11 m) gundeck
  • 88 ft 11 in (27.10 m) keel for tonnage
Beam29 ft 10 in (9.09 m)
Depth of hold11 ft 10.5 in (3.62 m)
PropulsionSails
Sail plan Full-rigged ship
Armament
  • 36/30 guns
  • 8/6 × 12-pdr guns (LD)
  • 22/20 × 6-pdr guns (UD)
  • 6/4 × 6-pdr guns (QD)

HMS Scarborough was a 32-gun fifth rate vessel built at Woolwich Dockyard in 1693/94. Shortly after commissioning she was taken by two French privateers and went under French service. She was recaptured in 1697 and renamed Milford. She spent some time off Africa then the West Indies. She was rebuilt in 1705. She was in the North Sea, the Mediterranean and finally the West Indies where she was wrecked in 1720.

Contents

She was the second vessel to bear the name Scarborough since it was used for a 10-gun ketch, built by Frame of Scarborough 2 May 1691 and captured by the French on 12 January 1693. [1]

As HMS Milford she was the fourth named vessel since it was used for a 22-gun ship built by Page of Wivenhoe in 1654 and named Fagons. She was renamed Milford at the Restoration in May 1660 and burnt by accident at Leghorn on 7 July 1673. [2]

Construction and specifications

She was ordered on 10 March 1693 to be built at Woolwich Dockyard under the guidance of Master Shipwright Joseph Lawrence. She was launched on 15 February 1694. Her dimensions were a gundeck of 104 feet 10 inches (31.95 metres) with a keel of 84 feet 5 inches (25.73 metres) for tonnage calculation with a breadth of 28 feet 10.5 inches (8.80 metres) and a depth of hold of 11 feet 7 inches (3.53 metres). Her builder's measure tonnage was calculated as 37435⁄94 tons (burthen). [3]

The gun armament initially was four demi-culverins [4] [Note 1] on the lower deck (LD) with two pair of guns per side. The upper deck (UD) battery would consist of between twenty and twenty-two sakers [5] [Note 2] guns with ten or eleven guns per side. The gun battery would be completed by four to six minions [6] [Note 3] guns on the quarterdeck (QD) with two to three guns per side. [7]

Commissioned service

Service 1694

She was commissioned under the command of Captain Thomas Killingworth for service in the Irish Channel. She was taken by the French privateers, the 36-gun Le Comte de Revel and the 22-gun L'Etoille off Tory Island, Northern Ireland on 18 July 1694. [8] 32 of the crew were killed including Captain Killingworth and 10 wounded. She was incorporated into the privateer squadron and renamed Le Duc de Chaulnes. She was recaptured on 15 September 1697 by HMS Plymouth and HMS Rye and renamed HMS Milford. She was recommissioned in 1700 under Captain William Moses for service on the coast of Africa. In 1701 she was attending on the King of Holland. In 1702 she was under Captain John Anderson. On 12 March 1703 she was assigned Captain Edward Windsor for service in the West Indies. On her return she was ordered to be rebuilt at Deptford in 1705. [3]

Rebuild at Deptford Dockyard 1705

She was ordered rebuilt at Deptford Dockyard under the guidance of Master Shipwright Joseph Allin. She was launched/completed in December 1705. Her dimensions were a gundeck of 108 feet 7.5 inches (33.11 metres) with a keel of 88 feet 11 inches (27.10 metres) for tonnage calculation with a breadth of 29 feet 10 inches (9.09 metres) and a depth of hold of 11 feet 10.5 inches (3.62 metres). Her builder's measure tonnage was calculated as 42089⁄94 tons (burthen). [9] Her armament was 36 guns wartime and 30 guns peacetime, consisting of eight/six 12-pounder guns on the lower deck (LD), twenty-two/twenty 6-pounder guns on the upper deck (UD), and six/four 6-pounder guns on the quarterdeck (QD). [10]

Service 1705-1720

She was commissioned in December 1705 under the command of Captain Philip Stanhope. She was off Ostend in June 1706 with Vice-Admiral Sir Stafford Fairborne to co-operate with the army in the siege of the town. The ships bombarded the town during the landing of troops and Ostend capitulated on 25 June. [11] In conjunction with HMS Fowey drove ashore and burnt the 60-gun Content then took the French 42-gun Le Mercure [12] on 8 January 1707. In March she was escorting HMS Resolution conveying the Earl of Peterborough to Italy. The small convoy was spotted by a group of French ships. The Earl transferred to Enterprise and escaped to Leghorn along with Milford. Resolution went ashore and was burnt to avoid capture. [13] She was in action at Minorca where Captain Stanhope was killed, on 17 September 1708. In September 1708 she came under the command of Captain John Goodhall (until 1715) serving with Whittaker's Squadron in the winter of 1708/09 and remaining in the Mediterranean during 1709. She sailed with a Newfoundland convoy then returned to the Mediterranean in 1711/12. She returned to Home Waters in 1715 and underwent a small repair at Woolwich costing 1,099.11.91⁄2d [Note 4] between September 1715 and February 1716. She was commissioned in 1718 under Captain Peter Chamberlain for service at Jamaica. [9]

Loss

She was wrecked on Cape Corrientes, Cuba, on 18 June 1720 with the loss of most of her crew, including Captain Chamberlain. [9]

Notes

  1. ↑ A demi-culverin was a gun of 3,400 pounds with a four-inch bore firing a 9.5-pound shot with an eight-pound powder charge
  2. ↑ A sacar or saker was a gun of 1,400 pounds with a 3.5-inch bore firing a 5.5-pound shot with a 5.5-pound powder charge.
  3. ↑ A minion was a gun of 1,000 pounds with a 3.5-inch bore firing a 4-pound shot with a 4-pound powder charge.
  4. ↑ A total cost accounting for inflation of approximately £174,700 in today's money

Citations

  1. ↑ Colledge (2020), Section S, (Scarborough)
  2. ↑ Colledge (2020), Section F (Fagons) and M (Milford)
  3. 1 2 Winfred 2009, Ch 5, The Fifth Rates, Vessels acquired from 16 December 1688, Fifth Rates of 32 and 36 guns, 1693 Programme, Scarborough
  4. ↑ Lavery (1989), Part V, Ch 18, culverins, page 101
  5. ↑ Lavery (1989), Part V, Ch 18, Sakers, pages 102-103
  6. ↑ Lavery (1989), Part V, Ch 18, Minion, page 103
  7. ↑ Winfred 2009, Ch 5, The Fifth Rates, Vessels acquired from 16 December 1688, Fifth Rates of 32 and 36 guns, 1693 Programme
  8. ↑ Clowes (1898), Chapter XXIV, page 480
  9. 1 2 3 Winfred 2009, Ch 5, The Fifth Rates, Vessels acquired from 16 December 1688, Milford Group, Milford
  10. ↑ Winfred 2009, Ch 5, The Fifth Rates, Vessels acquired from 16 December 1688, Milford Group
  11. ↑ Clowes (1898), Chapter XXIV, pages 509-510
  12. ↑ Clowes (1898), Chapter XXIV, page 510
  13. ↑ Clowes (1898), Chapter XXIV, pages 515-516

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References

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