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Tajikistan, officially the Republic of Tajikistan, is a landlocked country in Central Asia. Dushanbe is the capital and most populous city. Tajikistan is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. It is separated from Pakistan by Afghanistan's Wakhan Corridor. It has a population of approximately 10.6 million people.
Dushanbe is the capital and largest city of Tajikistan. As of March 2024, Dushanbe had a population of 1,564,700, with this population being largely Tajik. Until 1929, the city was known in Russian as Dyushambe, and from 1929 to 1961 as Stalinabad, after Joseph Stalin. Dushanbe is located in the Gissar Valley, bounded by the Gissar Range in the north and east and the Babatag, Aktau, Rangontau and Karatau mountains in the south, and has an elevation of 750–930 m. The city is divided into four districts: Ismail Samani, Avicenna, Ferdowsi, and Shah Mansur.
Tajik, Tajik Persian, Tajiki Persian, also called Tajiki, is the variety of Persian spoken in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan by Tajiks. It is closely related to neighbouring Dari of Afghanistan with which it forms a continuum of mutually intelligible varieties of the Persian language. Several scholars consider Tajik as a dialectal variety of Persian rather than a language on its own. The popularity of this conception of Tajik as a variety of Persian was such that, during the period in which Tajik intellectuals were trying to establish Tajik as a language separate from Persian, prominent intellectual Sadriddin Ayni counterargued that Tajik was not a "bastardised dialect" of Persian. The issue of whether Tajik and Persian are to be considered two dialects of a single language or two discrete languages has political aspects to it.
Kulob or Khatlon is a city in Khatlon Region in southern Tajikistan. Located 203 km (126 mi) southeast of the capital Dushanbe on the river Yakhsu, it is one of the largest cities in the country. Its population is estimated at 106,300 for the city proper and 214,700 for the city with the outlying communities (2020). The city is served by Kulob Airport.
The culture of Tajikistan has developed over several thousand years. Tajik culture can be divided into two areas, Metropolitan and Kuhiston (Highland). Modern city centres include Dushanbe, Khudjand, Kulob, and Panjikent.
Khatlon Region, one of the four provinces of Tajikistan, is the most populous of the four first-level administrative regions in the country. It is situated in the southwest of the country, between the Hisor (Gissar) Range in the north and the river Panj in the south and borders on Afghanistan in the southeast and on Uzbekistan in the west. During Soviet times, Khatlon was divided into Kurgan-Tyube (Qurghonteppa) Oblast – with the Kofarnihon and Vakhsh river valleys – and Kulob Oblast – with the Kyzylsu and Yakhsu river valleys. The two regions were merged in November 1992 into today's Khatlon Region. The capital city is Bokhtar, formerly known as Qurghonteppa and Kurgan-Tyube.
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Tajik literature and its history is bound up with the standardisation of the Tajik language. Tajik literary centres include the cities of Bukhara and Samarkand, currently in present-day Uzbekistan but with a majority Tajik population and Balkh and Herat in Afghanistan.
In parallel to what happened in other Soviet republics, a cinema of Tajikistan was promoted by the Soviet state, and declined in the first years after the independence, before being revitalized through the efforts of the new government.
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Guljahon Bobosodiqova (Tajik: Гулҷаҳон Бобосодиқова is a Tajik politician and prominent women's rights activist. She has served as a deputy in the Supreme Soviet of the Tajik SSR and the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Bobosodiqova was honored three times with the Order of the Red Banner of Labor and was a recipient of the Order of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of Tajikistan.
Nizoramo Odinovna Zaripova is a Soviet politician and women's rights advocate. She headed the Women's Department of the Communist Party of Tajikistan from 1947 to 1956 and then became a Secretary of the Party between 1956 and 1966. In 1966, she was elected as Deputy Chair of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic. During her tenure, through 1989, she stepped into the Chair of the Presidium between January and February 1984, as acting head of state.
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References
- 1 2 Bashiri, Iraj (2002). "Prominent Tajik figures of the Twentieth Century - Qosimov, Karim". fayllar.org. Archived from the original on 12 November 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
- ↑ Dikayev, Turko (13 March 2006). "Known Tajik poets and writers attend festival of book in Kulob". Asia-Plus. Archived from the original on 12 November 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
- ↑ "Орзу ИСОЕВ МАРДИ ЧИЛ ҲУНАР" [A dream of Isoev, a man of forty crafts]. dilkusho (in Tajik). 11 August 2010. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
- ↑ "Маросими супоридани мукофотҳои давлатӣ" [State awards ceremony]. President of the Republic of Tajikistan (in Tajik). 3 September 2010. Archived from the original on 28 January 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
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