Charles Evans Hughes Sr. was an American statesman,politician and jurist who served as the 11th Chief Justice of the United States from 1930 to 1941. A member of the Republican Party,he previously was the 36th Governor of New York (1907–1910),an associate justice of the Supreme Court (1910–1916),and 44th U.S. Secretary of State (1921–1925),as well as the Republican nominee for President of the United States in the 1916 presidential election.
Bush v. Gore,531 U.S. 98 (2000),was a decision of the United States Supreme Court on December 12,2000,that settled a recount dispute in Florida's 2000 presidential election between George W. Bush and Al Gore. On December 8,the Florida Supreme Court had ordered a statewide recount of all undervotes,over 61,000 ballots that the vote tabulation machines had missed. The Bush campaign immediately asked the U.S. Supreme Court to stay the decision and halt the recount. Justice Antonin Scalia,convinced that all the manual recounts being performed in Florida's counties were illegitimate,urged his colleagues to grant the stay immediately. On December 9,the five conservative justices on the Court granted the stay for Bush,with Scalia citing "irreparable harm" that could befall Bush,as the recounts would cast "a needless and unjustified cloud" over Bush's legitimacy. In dissent,Justice John Paul Stevens wrote that "counting every legally cast vote cannot constitute irreparable harm." Oral arguments were scheduled for December 11.
Hugo Lafayette Black was an American lawyer,politician,and jurist who served as a U.S. Senator from Alabama from 1927 to 1937 and as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1937 to 1971. A member of the Democratic Party and a devoted New Dealer,Black endorsed Franklin D. Roosevelt in both the 1932 and 1936 presidential elections. Before he became a Senator,Black espoused anti-Catholic views and was a member of the Ku Klux Klan in Alabama,from which he resigned in 1925. In 1937,upon being appointed to the Supreme Court,Black said:"Before becoming a Senator I dropped the Klan. I have had nothing to do with it since that time. I abandoned it. I completely discontinued any association with the organization." Black served as the Secretary of the Senate Democratic Conference and the Chair of the Senate Education Committee during his decade in the Senate. Having gained a reputation in the Senate as a reformer,Black was nominated to the Supreme Court by President Roosevelt and confirmed by the Senate by a vote of 63 to 16. He was the first of nine Roosevelt appointees to the Court,and he outlasted all except for William O. Douglas.
Lawton Mainor Chiles Jr. was an American politician who served as the 41st Governor of Florida from 1991 until his death in 1998. A member of the Democratic Party,he previously served as a United States senator from Florida from 1971 to 1989.
Richard Joseph Hughes was an American lawyer,politician,and judge. A Democrat,he served as the 45th governor of New Jersey from 1962 to 1970,and as Chief Justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court from 1973 to 1979. Hughes is the only person to have served New Jersey as both governor and chief justice. Hughes was also the first Roman Catholic governor in New Jersey's history.
Frederick "Fred" Moore Vinson was an American lawyer and Democratic politician. One of the few Americans to have served in all three branches of the U.S. government,Vinson served as a U.S. Representative from Kentucky from 1924 to 1928 and 1930 to 1938,as a federal appellate judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit from 1938 to 1943,as U.S. Secretary of the Treasury from 1945 to 1946,and as the 13th chief justice of the United States from 1946 until his death in 1953.
The Constitutional Court of South Africa is a supreme constitutional court established by the Constitution of South Africa,and is the apex court in the South African judicial system,with general jurisdiction.
The Supreme Court of Florida is the highest court in the U.S. state of Florida. It consists of seven members:the chief justice and six justices. Five members are chosen from five districts around the state to foster geographic diversity,and two are selected at large.
The Constitution of the State of Florida is the document that establishes and describes the powers,duties,structure,and function of the government of the U.S. state of Florida,and establishes the basic law of the state. The current Constitution of Florida was ratified on November 5,1968.
The government of Florida is established and operated according to the Constitution of Florida and is composed of three branches of government:the executive branch consisting of the governor of Florida and the other elected and appointed constitutional officers;the legislative branch,the Florida Legislature,consisting of the Senate and House;and the judicial branch consisting of the Supreme Court of Florida and lower courts. The state also allows direct participation of the electorate by initiative,referendum,and ratification.
Rosemary Barkett is a Mexican-American judge of the Iran–United States Claims Tribunal located in The Hague,Netherlands since 2013. Previously,she served as a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. Prior to her nomination for that post,she was chief justice of the Florida Supreme Court.
Craig Waters has been the public information officer and communications director for the Florida Supreme Court in Tallahassee since June 1,1996. He is best known as the public spokesman for the Court during the 2000 presidential election controversy,when he frequently appeared on worldwide newscasts announcing rulings in lawsuits over Florida's decisive vote in the election.
The Oklahoma Senate is the upper house of the two houses of the Legislature of Oklahoma,the other being the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The total number of senators is set at 48 by the Oklahoma Constitution.
Jorge Labarga is a Justice of the Florida Supreme Court,taking office on January 6,2009. On June 30,2014,he was sworn in as Florida's 56th Chief Justice and the first Cuban-American to hold the post. He was succeeded on July 1,2018,by Charles T. Canady.
In the United States,term limits,also referred to as rotation in office,restrict the number of terms of office an officeholder may serve. At the federal level,the 22nd Amendment to the United States Constitution limits the president of the United States to two four-year terms. State government offices in some,but not all,states are term-limited,including executive,legislative,and judicial offices.
George Albert Van Hoomissen is an American attorney in the state of Oregon,United States. He previously served as the 87th Associate Justice of the Oregon Supreme Court and served on the Oregon Court of Appeals. The Portland,Oregon native was also the district attorney for Multnomah County,Oregon,and served as a Democrat in the Oregon Legislature.
George Pettus Raney was an American attorney and politician who served as the 9th Chief Justice of the Florida Supreme Court.
Anstead is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Judicial independence is protected by Singapore's Constitution,statutes such as the State Courts Act and Supreme Court of Judicature Act,and the common law. Independence of the judiciary is the principle that the judiciary should be separated from legislative and executive power,and shielded from inappropriate pressure from these branches of government,and from private or partisan interests. It is crucial as it serves as a foundation for the rule of law and democracy.
