Hattah-Kulkyne and Murray-Kulkyne Biosphere Reserve Victoria | |
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Nearest town or city | Mildura |
Coordinates | 34°21′5.2″S142°19′48″E / 34.351444°S 142.33000°E Coordinates: 34°21′5.2″S142°19′48″E / 34.351444°S 142.33000°E |
Established | 1981 [1] |
Area | 515.00 km2 (198.8 sq mi) [2] |
Visitation | 99,000 (annual estimate) (in 2016) [2] |
Managing authorities | Parks Victoria [2] |
Footnotes | Coordinates [2] |
Hattah-Kulkyne and Murray-Kulkyne Biosphere Reserve is a biosphere reserve in the Australian state of Victoria located to the southern bank of the Murray River to the south-east of the city of Mildura on land occupied by the following protected areas - the Hattah-Kulkyne National Park and the Murray-Kulkyne Park. [3] [4] [5]
The biosphere reserve was described by UNESCO in 2016 as: [2]
The Hattah-Kulkyne and Murray-Kulkyne Biosphere Reserve is located in Southeast Australia. It comprises three main habitats: riveraise woodlands, savanna woodlands and saline shrublands. The Murray River flows through the reserve and is connected to several wetlands. However, due to the semi-arid climate it only fills intermittently with water. The main land formations are saline flats that contain shallow soils overlying gypsum, dune fields that contain relics of Pleistocence sand ridges, and floodplains that are formed of a quarterly alluvium.
In 1915, a sanctuary was formed to protect the beauty of the Hattah lakes. Ornithologist Les Chandler in 1949, with the Reverend C. L. Lang, formed the Sunraysia Naturalists' Club (now the Sunraysia Naturalists' Research Trust) and was variously its President, Vice-president, Secretary, Treasurer and Editor. They agitated to have the Hattah-Kulkyne area declared a national park, which was achieved in 1960. [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] The biosphere reserve was established in 1981 and is managed by Parks Victoria. [1] [2]
Protected areas of Australia include Commonwealth and off-shore protected areas managed by the Australian government, as well as protected areas within each of the six states of Australia and two self-governing territories, the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory, which are managed by the eight state and territory governments.
The Hattah-Kulkyne National Park is a national park in the Mallee district of Victoria, Australia. The 48,000-hectare (120,000-acre) national park is situated adjacent to the Murray River, approximately 417 kilometres (259 mi) northwest of Melbourne with the nearest regional centre being Mildura. The national park was proclaimed on 7 June 1960 and is a popular destination for bushwalkers and school camping trips.
The Murray-Sunset National Park is the second largest national park in Victoria, Australia, located in the Mallee district in the northwestern corner of the state, bordering South Australia. The 633,000-hectare (1,560,000-acre) national park is situated approximately 440 kilometres (270 mi) northwest of Melbourne and was proclaimed on 26 April 1979. It is in the northwestern corner of the state, bordering South Australia to the west and the Murray River to the north. The Sturt Highway passes through the northern part of the park, but most of the park is in the remote area between the Sturt Highway and the Mallee Highway, west of the Calder Highway.
The Wyperfeld National Park is the third largest national park in Victoria, Australia, located in the Mallee district, approximately 450 kilometres (280 mi) northwest of Melbourne, The national park was declared in 1921 and expanded significantly to protect 357,017 hectares of mallee, woodland, and heathland. For management purposes, the Wyperfeld National Park is managed with the Hattah-Kulkyne National Park, Murray-Sunset National Park, Lake Albacutya Park and Murray-Kulkyne Park as part of the Victorian Mallee Parks.
The Rural City of Mildura is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, located in the north-western part of the state. It covers an area of 22,083 square kilometres (8,526 sq mi) being the largest LGA in the state. In June 2016 the area had a population of 53,878. It includes the city of Mildura and the towns of Merbein, Red Cliffs, Irymple, Ouyen, Werrimull, Murrayville, Walpeup and Hattah. It was formed in 1995 from the amalgamation of the City of Mildura, Shire of Mildura and Shire of Walpeup.
Edna Margaret Walling was one of Australia's most influential landscape designers.
Leslie Gordon Chandler (1888–1980) was an Australian jeweller, vigneron, bird photographer, writer and speaker on natural history, and ornithologist. He became a member of the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union (RAOU) in 1911 and was Press Correspondent for the RAOU 1914-1916 and again in 1920, war service and disability intervening. From 1920 he was based at Red Cliffs in the Victorian Mallee region. He was instrumental in the establishment of the Hattah-Kulkyne National Park there.
Colignan is a small rural town on the banks of the Murray River, in North Western Victoria, Australia. The town is on the border of the Hattah-Kulkyne National Park. At the 2016 census, Colignan and the surrounding area had a population of 329.
Walkabout was an Australian illustrated magazine published from 1934 to 1974 combining cultural, geographic, and scientific content with travel literature. Initially a travel magazine, in its forty-year run it featured a popular mix of articles by travellers, officials, residents, journalists, naturalists, anthropologists and novelists, illustrated by Australian photojournalists. Its title derived from the supposed ‘racial characteristic of the Australian aboriginal who is always on the move".
The Riverland Biosphere Reserve, formerly the Bookmark Biosphere Reserve, is a 9,000 square kilometres area of land in eastern South Australia, adjoining the states of New South Wales and Victoria. It is one of 14 biosphere reserves in Australia and is part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves, being officially recognized and listed by UNESCO in 1977.
Hattah is a locality in Victoria, Australia located approximately 70 km south of Mildura. Located adjacent to Hattah is the Hattah-Kulkyne National Park.
Robin Hill is an Australian artist and writer, living in the United States and specialising in natural history subjects, especially birds.
Under UNESCO's Man and Biosphere Reserve Programme, there are 142 biosphere reserves recognized as part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves in Asia and the Pacific as of April 2016. These are distributed across 24 countries in the region.
Arthur Groom was an Australian writer, conservationist, journalist and photographer, the son of Arthur Champion Groom.
The Murray-Sunset, Hattah and Annuello Important Bird Area comprises 7004 km2 of mallee habitat in the Mallee region of north-western Victoria, Australia.
Ethel Louise Spowers was an Australian artist associated with the Grosvenor School of Modern Art in London. She was especially known for her linocuts, which are included in the collections of major Australian and British Art Galleries. She was also a founder of the Contemporary Art Society, promoting modern art in Australia.
The Raak Plain Boinka is a wilderness area in the state of Victoria, Australia. The boinka groundwater discharge complex is a shallow depression within a region of Mallee dune fields, and contains gypsum flats and salinas, pools of salty water that are mainly fed by groundwater. The distinctive flora of the boinka is largely intact and includes several threatened species.
Beverley Clifford was an Australian magazine photographer and photojournalist active during the 1950s-1970s.
Heather George (1907–1983) was a commercial photographer known for her industrial, fashion and outback photography, and a designer and painter.
Old Eyre Highway is a remnant part of the Eyre Highway that was abandoned in the construction of a route closer to the coast of the Great Australian Bight. It had been known as the East West Road and briefly in the 1940s as Forrest Highway.