Henri de Guénégaud | |
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 Henri de Guénégaud by Robert Nanteuil | |
| Born | 1610 |
| Died | 16 March 1676 (aged 65–66) |
| Spouse(s) | Isabeau de Choiseul |
| Father | Gabriel de Guénégaud, Seigneur du Plessis-Belleville |
| Mother | Marie de La Croix, Dame du Plessis-Belleville |
Henri du Plessis-Guénégaud, Lord of the Plessis-Belleville, Marquis de La Garnache [1] (1610 – 16 March 1676) was a French scholar and a Secretary of State during the reigns of Louis XIII and Louis XIV.
Henri de Guénégaud became Trésorier de l'Épargne (Treasurer of Savings) in 1638, succeeding his father, who died that year. [2]
In 1643, he became Secretary of State of several regions of France, including Paris, the Maison du Roi, and ecclesiastical affairs. [2] He also became Secretary of State of the Navy that same year.
Dubuisson Aubenay, who later wrote a history of the Fronde, became his secretary in 1645.
He supported Anne d'Autriche during the Fronde and was made Garde des Sceaux in 1656, but was disgraced in 1669, when he was succeeded as Secretary of State by Jean-Baptiste Colbert. [2]
He was the elder son of Gabriel Guénégaud, Lord of the Plessis-Belleville (died 1638), and Marie La Croix, Dame du Plessis-Belleville (died 1655).
In 1642 he married Elizabeth (Isabel), daughter of the Maréchal Charles de Choiseul, Marquis de Praslin. [2]
Their children included:
He was the brother of Claude's treasurer, brother-in-law of César d'Albret who married his sister Madeleine.
Guénégaud was a patron of the architect François Mansart and possibly a friend. In 1642 he gave Mansart the site for Mansart's house in the Rue Payenne, and in 1650 he gave the architect 50,000 livres . [2]
In 1646 Guénégaud purchased the Hôtel de Nevers on the Quai de Nevers (just east of the Tour de Nesle) and commissioned Mansart to transform it into the Hôtel de Guénégaud (1648–1652). [3] He also had Mansart make alterations to the Château de Fresnes. [2]
He and his wife, who were known for their Jansenist sympathies, held a famous salon at their hôtel on the Quai de Nevers. Among their friends were Mademoiselle de Scudéry, Madame de Sévigné, and Simon Arnauld. It was at their salon that Racine first became known in Paris. [2]
In 1670, after his disgrace, Guénégaud exchanged the Hôtel de Guénégaud on the Quai de Nevers for a country house in Bouchet and the Hôtel de Conti on the Quai Malaquais in Paris, both belonging to Cardinal Mazarin's niece Anne-Marie Martinozzi, Princesse de Conti. Thereafter the house on the Quai Malaquais became known as the Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud, and the house on the Quai de Nevers, as the Hôtel de Conti. [4]
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The Fronde were a series of civil wars in the Kingdom of France between 1648 and 1653, occurring in the midst of the Franco-Spanish War, which had begun in 1635. The government of the young King Louis XIV confronted the combined opposition of the princes, the nobility, the law courts (parlements), as well as much of the French population, and managed to subdue them all. The dispute started when the government of France issued seven fiscal edicts, six of which were to increase taxation. The parlements resisted, questioned the constitutionality of the king's actions, and sought to check his powers.
Jules Cardinal Mazarin, Duke of Mayenne, Rethel and Nevers, born Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino or Mazarini, was an Italian Catholic prelate, diplomat and politician who served as the chief minister to the Kings of France Louis XIII and Louis XIV from 1642 to his death. In 1654, he acquired the title Duke of Mayenne and in 1659 that of 1st Duke of Rethel and Nevers.
Louis II de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, known as le Grand Condé, was a French military commander. A brilliant tactician and strategist, he is regarded as one of France's greatest generals, particularly celebrated for his triumphs in the Thirty Years' War and his campaigns during the Franco-Dutch War.
Anne-Geneviève de Bourbon was a French princess who is remembered for her beauty and amours, her influence during the civil wars of the Fronde, and her final conversion to Jansenism.
François Louis de Bourbon, le Grand Conti, was Prince de Conti, succeeding his brother, Louis Armand de Bourbon, in 1685. Until this date, he used the title of Prince of La Roche-sur-Yon. He was son of Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti and Anne Marie Martinozzi, daughter of Girolamo Martinozzi and niece of Cardinal Mazarin, through her mother. He was proclaimed as the King of Poland in 1697. He is the most famous member of the Conti family, a cadet branch of the Princes of Condé. As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon, he was a prince du sang.
Louis Armand de Bourbon was Prince of Conti from 1666 to his death. He was the son of Armand de Bourbon and Anne Marie Martinozzi, the daughter of Girolamo Martinozzi and Laura Margherita Mazzarini, elder sister of Cardinal Mazarin. As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon, he was a Prince du Sang. He was a son-in-law of King Louis XIV of France, who was his namesake.
Prince of Conti was a French noble title, assumed by a cadet branch of the princely house of Bourbon-Condé.
Anne Marie Martinozzi, Princess of Conti was a French aristocrat and court official. She was a niece of King Louis XIV of France's chief minister Cardinal Mazarin, and the wife of Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti. She became the mother of the libertine François Louis, Prince of Conti, le Grand Conti. Her marriage to the Prince of Conti made her a princesse du Sang. She served as Surintendante de la Maison de la Reine for the queen dowager, Anne of Austria, between 1657 and 1666.
The Secretary of State of the Maison du Roi was the secretary of state in France during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration in charge of the Département de la Maison du Roi. The exact composition of the ministry and the secretary's duties changed several times over the Early Modern period, but in general, the Département de la Maison du Roi oversaw four main areas: the "Maison du Roi", the "Bâtiments du Roi", the General Affairs of the Clergy, Affairs of the RPR, and the administration of the capital city of Paris and the provinces. The post later reappeared as the Minister for the Maison du Roi.
Hôtel de Guénégaud may refer to one of several 17th-century hôtels particuliers in Paris:
The Minister for the Maison du Roi was a cabinet role under the French monarchy, conferring leadership of the Maison du Roi.
Claire Clémence de Maillé was a French noblewoman from the Brézé family and a niece of Cardinal Richelieu. She married Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, known as Le Grand Condé, and became the mother of Henri Jules. She was Princess of Condé and Duchess of Fronsac.
Louise Adélaïde de Bourbon was a French princess of the Blood and member of the courts of Louis XIV and his successor Louis XV of France. She never married, but she had many illegitimate children.
The Hôtel de Brienne is an 18th-century French hôtel particulier at 14 Rue Saint-Dominique in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. It serves as the official residence of the minister of defense.
The Hôtel de Chimay, originally the Hôtel de La Bazinière, is a hôtel particulier, a type of large townhouse of France, built in 1635 on a site that is now at 17 quai Malaquais in the 6th arrondissement of Paris. Since 1883, it has been an extension of the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts, a distinguished National School of Fine Arts.
César Phoebus d'Albret, comte de Miossens, was a French soldier, a Marshal of France under Louis XIV, and a court gallant. He was also a cousin of the marquise de Montespan. His faithful attachment to Anne of Austria and Cardinal Mazarin during the Fronde, rather than any military talent, motivated his designation as a marshal of France. He set aside the name of Miossens for the grander name of Albret.
Hôtel de Guénégaud or Hôtel de Guénégaud-des-Brosses is a 17th-century hôtel particulier, or large townhouse, in Paris.
The Hôtel de Nevers, later the Hôtel de Guénégaud, then the Hôtel de Conti, was a French aristocratic townhouse, which was located on the Quai de Nevers, just east of the former Tour de Nesle on the site of the present day Hôtel des Monnaies in the 6th arrondissement of Paris. Construction began in 1580 to the designs of an unknown architect for Louis Gonzaga, Duke of Nevers, although it was never completed as intended. The large north pavilion on the River Seine was a prominent landmark of its part of the Left Bank. The hôtel was demolished sometime between 1768 and 1771.
The Hôtel du Plessis-Guénégaud was a French aristocratic townhouse, built 1630–1632 for the financier Louis Le Barbier to the designs of architect Clément Métezeau. It was located at what is now 13 Quai Malaquais in the 6th arrondissement of Paris. The hôtel was demolished in 1843.
Hôtel de Conti can refer to:
