Hermitage of Sant'Onofrio al Morrone | |
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Eremo di Sant'Onofrio al Morrone | |
Religion | |
Affiliation | Roman Catholic |
Province | Province of L'Aquila |
Region | Abruzzo |
Location | |
Municipality | Sulmona |
State | Italy |
Architecture | |
Completed | 11th-century |
Eremo di Sant'Onofrio al Morrone (Italian for Hermitage of Sant'Onofrio al Morrone) is an hermitage located in Sulmona, Province of L'Aquila (Abruzzo, Italy)., [1] dating back to the thirteenth century. A monk by the name of Pietro Angelerio living at this hermitage later became Pope Celestine V. The hermitage is located at an altitude of 620 meters, and can only be reached via a steep path from the village of Badia, on the eastern edge of the Valle Peligna.
Pietro Angelerio arrived in Abruzzo between 1239 and 1241, and settled in a cave on the slopes of Mount Morrone. He would later have a small church built there called "Santa Maria in Ruta" or "in Gruttis."
Soon Pietro, who actively proselytized the faith first in the area and later also abroad, realized that the hermitage had become inadequate for ascetic meditation and moved to the Majella where he founded the hermitage of Santo Spirito d'Ocre. However, he often returned to the Morrone and arranged the construction of a real hermitage, on a steep and difficult-to-access place overlooking the Sulmona basin. The location lent itself to the solitary and ascetic life, but also to the reception of pilgrims who were drawn to the mountain retreat by Pietro's renown.
In 1294, immediately after the conclave which elected Pietro Angelerio as pope, the king of Naples, Charles II of Anjou, arrived on Morrone to tell Pietro of his election and accompanied him to L'Aquila for a solemn coronation in the basilica of Santa Maria di Collemaggio. Celestino V would remain on the papal throne for only four months, returning to hermitage in 1295 after having renounced the papacy. The new Pope Boniface VIII, in order to prevent his predecessor's potential installation as antipope, imprisoned him in the castle of Fumone, where he died on 19 May 1296.
In front of the church is a portico leading to the small court facing the churchyard. Inside the church are remains of 15th century frescoes depicting Christ the King and St. John the Baptist, and some later paintings representing a Madonna and Child with Santa Lucia and Santa Apollonia.
The wooden ceiling is a notable example of fifteenth-century workmanship. A barrel vault extends over the church, with two modern altars dedicated to Sant'Onofrio and Sant'Antonio Abate. In the rear is an arch that leads to the chapel of the oratory. A fifteenth-century triptych on wood that depicted Sant'Onofrio, San Pietro Celestino and the Blessed Roberto da Salle (a disciple of Pietro Angelerio) was removed in 1884.
Pope Celestine V, born Pietro Angelerio, also known as Pietro da Morrone, Peter of Morrone, and Peter Celestine, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States for five months from 5 July to 13 December 1294, when he resigned. He was also a monk and hermit who founded the order of the Celestines as a branch of the Benedictine order.
L'Aquila is a city and comune in central Italy. It is the capital city of both the Abruzzo region and of the Province of L'Aquila. As of 2013, it has a population of 70,967 inhabitants. Laid out within medieval walls on a hill in the wide valley of the Aterno river, it is surrounded by the Apennine Mountains, with the Gran Sasso d'Italia to the north-east.
The Province of L'Aquila is the largest, most mountainous and least densely populated province of the Abruzzo region of Central Italy. It comprises about half the landmass of Abruzzo and occupies the western part of the region. It has borders with the provinces of Teramo to the north, Pescara and Chieti to the east, Isernia to the south and Frosinone, Rome and Rieti to the west. Its capital is the city of L'Aquila.
Santa Maria di Collemaggio is a large medieval church in L'Aquila, central Italy. It was the site of the original Papal Jubilee, a penitential observation devised by Pope Celestine V, who is buried there. The church, which therefore ranks as a basilica because of its importance in religious history, sits in isolation at the end of a long rectangular sward of grass at the southwest edge of the town.
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The Montagne del Morrone are a mountain group in Abruzzo, central Italy, part of the Apennines. Overlooking the town of Sulmona, they are bounded by the Valle Peligna, the river Aterno and the Majella massif. They are included into the Majella National Park.
Tourism in Abruzzo has become one of the most prosperous sectors in the economy of Abruzzo, and in recent years has seen a remarkable growth attracting numerous tourists from Italy and Europe. According to statistics from the Italian institute of statistics (ISTAT), in 2007 arrivals totaled 1,371,155 Italians and 189,651 foreigners. A total of 7,374,646 arrivals were tourists, a figure that puts the region seventeenth among the Italian regions for numbers of tourists per year. According to market analysis and sector studies on tourism in the Abruzzo National Society TurisMonitor 2012, after an increase that was estimated at between 4 and 5% of international tourist arrivals in the Abruzzo region in 2012 was estimated to increase that international arrivals will be around 3/4% by the end of 2012 with staff working in tourism will increase settling at about 25,000 people. Always position first-arrivals from Germany. A moderate support to tourism is also given to the Abruzzo Airport with many low cost and charter flights connecting the entire region with the rest of Europe. Abruzzo tourism can basically be divided into three different types: mountain tourism hiking natural which includes numerous ski resorts, nature reserves and protected areas, beach tourism and coastal with the number of resort, hotel, camping and beaches, and finally the art-historical tourism religious and cultural concentrated mostly in mountain villages and historic towns such as l'Aquila, Vasto, Chieti, Teramo, Sulmona and many others.
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