At least three hired armed cutters named Duchess of Cumberland have served the Royal Navy.
During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries the British Royal Navy made use of a considerable number of hired armed vessels. These were generally smaller vessels, often cutters and luggers, that the Navy used for duties ranging from carrying despatches and passengers to convoy escort, particularly in British coastal waters, and reconnaissance.
The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by the English kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years War against the Kingdom of France. The modern Royal Navy traces its origins to the early 16th century; the oldest of the UK's armed services, it is known as the Senior Service.
The first Duchess of Cumberland served in 1783.
The second Duchess of Cumberland was a cutter of eight guns and 65 49⁄94 tons burthen (bm). She served from 2 April 1793 to 27 October 1800. [1]
Builder's Old Measurement is the method used in England from approximately 1650 to 1849 for calculating the cargo capacity of a ship. It is a volumetric measurement of cubic capacity. It estimated the tonnage of a ship based on length and maximum beam. It is expressed in "tons burden", and abbreviated "tons bm".
The third Duchess of Cumberland was a cutter of six 3-pounder guns and 65 82⁄94 tons burthen (bm). She served from 17 June 1803 to 5 January 1805. [2] Her owner was Henshaw Latham and she had a crew of 23 men. Latham received £2008 for her hire. [3] She was under the command of Lieutenant John Sibrell (or Sybrille).
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The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier which is intended to be unique. Publishers purchase ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency.
Seven ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Africa, after the continent of Africa. Two others were planned:
Several ships have borne the name Black Joke, after an English song of the same name.
During the period of the Napoleonic Wars, two vessels have served the British Royal Navy as His Majesty's Hired armed cutter Idas, named for Idas, a figure from Greek mythology.
Two vessels served the British Royal Navy as His Majesty's Hired armed cutter Hero. Under the command of Lieutenant John Reynolds, the second hired armed cutter Hero captured some 30 merchantmen during the Gunboat War before the Royal Navy returned her to her owners. She was so successful that the Norwegian merchants offered a considerable reward for Hero's capture.
During the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars the Royal Navy used several vessels that bore the designation His Majesty's hired armed cutter Lord Nelson, all named for Lord Horatio Nelson.
The British Royal Navy employed two vessels described as His Majesty's hired armed cutter Kent, the first during the French Revolutionary Wars, and the second during the Napoleonic Wars.
His Majesty's hired armed cutter Ann served the British Royal Navy from 9 May 1795 to 19 October 1801 during the French Revolutionary Wars. She was of 10491⁄94 tons (bm) and carried twelve 3-pounder guns.
His Majesty's hired armed lugger Lark served the Royal Navy from 3 January 1799 to 6 November 1801. She was armed with two 4-pounder guns and twelve 12-pounder carronades. She had a burthen of 170 13⁄94 tons (bm), and a crew of 50 men and boys. At the end of her contract the Admiralty returned her to her owners.
His Majesty's Hired armed lugger Duke of York served the Royal Navy from 14 October 1794 to 2 January 1799 when she foundered in the North Sea. She was of 57 44/94 tons burthen (bm) and was armed with eight 4-pounder guns.
His Majesty's hired armed cutter Courier appears twice in the records of the British Royal Navy. The size and armament suggests that both contracts could represent the same vessel, but other information indicates that the second Courier had been captured from the French in the West Indies. On the first contract the captain and crew were awarded clasps to the Naval General Service Medal, one for a boat action and one for a single ship action in which they distinguished themselves.
St Vincent was a hired armed cutter that served the Royal Navy from 16 March 1798 to 29 April 1802, during the French Revolutionary Wars. She was of 194 13/94 tons burthen, and carried fourteen 6-pounder guns.
His Majesty's Hired armed cutter Tartar served the Royal Navy from 14 July 1794 to 11 November 1801. She was of 90 63⁄94 tons (bm) and was armed with twelve 4-pounder guns.
The hired armed lugger Daphne served the Royal Navy from 2 November 1794 to 19 December 1796. She was armed with twenty-two 4-pounder guns and was of 1606⁄94 tons burthen (bm).
There may have been two or possibly three hired armed schooners Princess Charlotte that the Royal Navy took under contract during the Napoleonic Wars.
His Majesty's hired armed schooner Sir Sidney Smith served the Royal Navy during the French Revolutionary Wars from 12 October 1799 to 13 October 1801. She was of 151 31⁄94 tons burthen (bm), and carried twelve 12-pounder carronades. She was named for Admiral Sidney Smith.
His Majesty's Hired armed cutter George was a cutter that served the Royal Navy between 6 June 1798 and 12 November 1801 under contract. She had a burthen of 125 34⁄94 tons (bm), and was armed two 6-pounder guns and twelve 12-pounder carronades. She captured one French privateer. During the Napoleonic Wars the French captured her and she served the French Navy until September 1813; she was struck from the French Navy's lists ca. 1816.
His Majesty's Hired armed lugger Speedwell served the Royal Navy on contract between 11 June 1796 and 31 October 1801. She had a burthen of 15215⁄94 tons (bm), and was armed with fourteen 4-pounder guns.
His Majesty's Hired armed cutter Spider served the Royal Navy on contract between 9 July 1803 and 8 December 1804. She had a burthen of 114 1⁄94 tons (bm) and was armed with ten 12-pounder carronades. She may have been the brig Spider, of 113 tons (bm) and fourteen 12 and 2-pounder guns, that had received a letter of marque on 29 January 1801 under Captain John Friend.
Two vessels named His Majesty's Hired armed cutter Industry briefly served the British Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars as hired armed vessels.
Several ships have borne the name Duke of Clarence, named for one or another Duke of Clarence, originally Prince William, the first Duke of Clarence and St Andrews, who acceded to the throne as William IV of the United Kingdom, but later the Duke of Clarence and Avondale: