Hirkan | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 38°39′36″N48°48′24″E / 38.66000°N 48.80667°E | |
Country | Azerbaijan |
Rayon | Lankaran |
Time zone | UTC+4 (AZT) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+5 (AZT) |
Hirkan (known as Avrora until 1999) [1] is a village and municipality in the Lankaran Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 1,781.[ citation needed ]
During the USSR, this was the state farm that produced the mostly tea in Lankaran region. During the USSR, it was called "Avrora Tea State Farm" where most of the tea production throughout Lankaran district had been performed. In 1934, it was named Aurora after the cruiser "Avrora" of the Baltic fleet, and a tea growing state farm “Avrora" was established and thus the foundation of the settlement was laid. It is located in the foothills . In 1964, Hyrkana was granted the status of a city-type settlement.[3] Khanbulanachay reservoir was constructed this settlement. The development of tea growing was accelerated in 1970-1980, in order to meet the need for irrigation of tea plantations, the Khanbulanachay reservoir with a capacity of 52 million m³ (cubic meters) was built on the Basharu river in Lankaran region in 1976, which is still stands out for its robustness. The construction of the dam started in 1967 and was commissioned in 1977. Its water is widely used for irrigation during summer. During the construction of the reservoir, a large forest area remained underwater, where a village was completely submerged. A large lake has formed in the valley, water, fishing has also developed in this lake. When the water level recedes, one can see the houses and their contents remain as they are, except that the houses are filled with mud. There are also old tractors and other machinery that are underwater. There was also a cemetery here, but during the construction of the dam, they removed the bodies from there and buried them elsewhere but the headstones of the graves remained.
According to the information available in 2020, the settlement has a population of 3,126 people. The majority of the population, almost 90%, is Talysh people (iranian speaking people native to the region) . Russians also lived in the settlement, but most of them left the settlement. This was one of the largest tea state farms in Azerbaijan, and now more than 99% of those tea bushes have been replaced by houses or bushes. Currently, tea growing is partially developed in the settlement. The population of the settlement is mainly engaged in citrus plants, agriculture and animal husbandry. [ citation needed ]
The Aswan Dam, or more specifically since the 1980s, the Aswan High Dam, is one of the world's largest embankment dams, which was built across the Nile in Aswan, Egypt, between 1960 and 1970. When it was completed, it was the tallest earthen dam in the world, eclipsing the United States' Chatuge Dam. The dam created a reservoir named Lake Nasser. Its significance largely upstaged the previous Aswan Low Dam initially completed in 1902 downstream. Based on the success of the Low Dam, then at its maximum utilization, construction of the High Dam became a key objective of the new regime, the Free Officers movement of 1952; with its ability to better control flooding, provide increased water storage for irrigation and generate hydroelectricity, the dam was seen as pivotal to Egypt's planned industrialization. Like the earlier implementation, the High Dam has had a significant effect on the economy and culture of Egypt.
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Mingachevir is the fourth largest city in Azerbaijan with a population of about 106,000. It is often called the "city of lights" because of its hydroelectric power station on the Kur River, which divides the city down the middle.
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Lankaran District is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the south-east of the country, in the Lankaran-Astara Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Astara, Lerik, Masally, and Neftchala. Its capital and largest city is Lankaran, although the city is technically not part of the district and is subordinate to the Republic. As of 2022, the district had a population of 232,000.
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The Merowe Dam, also known as Merowe High Dam, Merowe Multi-Purpose Hydro Project or Hamdab Dam, is a large dam near Merowe Town in northern Sudan, about 350 kilometres (220 mi) north of the capital Khartoum. Its dimensions make it the largest contemporary hydropower project in Africa. It is situated on the river Nile, close to and inundating the 4th Cataract where the river divides into multiple smaller branches with large islands in between. Merowe is a city about 40 kilometres (25 mi) downstream from the construction site at Hamdab. The main purpose for building the dam was the generation of electricity.
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The Tinaroo Dam, officially the Tinaroo Falls Dam, is a major ungated concrete gravity dam with a central ogee spillway across the Barron River located on the Atherton Tableland in Far North Queensland, Australia. The dam's purpose includes irrigation for the Mareeba-Dimbulah Irrigation Scheme, water supply, hydroelectricity generation, and recreation. Completed between 1953 and 1958, the dam creates the impounded reservoir, Lake Tinaroo.
Hirakud Dam is built across the Mahanadi River, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Sambalpur in the state of Odisha in India. It is the longest earthen dam in the world. Behind the dam extends a lake, Hirakud Reservoir, 55 km (34 mi) long. It is one of the first major multipurpose river valley projects started after India's independence. Hirakud Reservoir was declared a Ramsar site on 12 October 2021.
Gizilkend(Azerbaijani: Qızılkənd) is a village and municipality in the Imishli Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of about 5000.
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The Minidoka Project is a series of public works by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation to control the flow of the Snake River in Wyoming and Idaho, supplying irrigation water to farmlands in Idaho. One of the oldest Bureau of Reclamation projects in the United States, the project involves a series of dams and canals intended to store, regulate and distribute the waters of the Snake, with electric power generation as a byproduct. The water irrigates more than a million acres (4,000 km²) of otherwise arid land, producing much of Idaho's potato crop. Other crops include alfalfa, fruit and sugar beets. The primary irrigation district lies between Ashton in eastern Idaho and Bliss in the southwestern corner of the state. Five main reservoirs collect water, distributing it through 1,600 miles (2,600 km) of canals and 4,000 miles (6,400 km) of lateral distribution ditches.
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Tea in Azerbaijan is served freshly brewed, hot and strong. It typically has a bright colour and is served in crystal or any other glasses or cups. Azerbaijanis often use traditional armudu (pear-shaped) glass. Tea is served continuously when there are guests or when there is an interesting conversation. For Azerbaijanis tea with milk is uncommon. According to a common belief, drinking tea with lump sugar instead of sand sugar comes from the medieval period, when rulers who were afraid of being poisoned checked their tea by dunking a piece of sugar in a beverage. Traditional tea is served with lemon, cube sugar, sweets and fruit desserts. Sometimes thyme, mint or rose water is added, which is believed to be good for the stomach and heart.
Lankaran-Astara Economic Region is one of the 14 economic regions of Azerbaijan. It borders Iran to the south and west, Caspian Sea to the east and Shirvan-Salyan Economic Region to the north. The region consists of the districts of Jalilabad, Astara, Lerik, Lankaran, Masally and Yardimli. It has an area of 6,070 square kilometres (2,340 sq mi). Its population was estimated to be at 953.6 thousand people in January 2021.
Tea growing in Azerbaijan is concentrated in an area of 5.33 thousand square kilometers located within the Lenkeran-Astara region, including the districts of Astara, Lankaran, Masalli, Lerik, Yardimli, and Jalilabad. Around 90% of Azerbaijan's tea is produced in Lankaran close to the southern border with Iran. Tea was first grown around the Caspian Sea region of Azerbaijan in the 1880s. Due to its favorable climatic conditions, the region now produces 99% of the Azerbaijani tea crop.
The Atatürk Reservoir is a reservoir on the Euphrates, created by the Atatürk Dam in Turkey. It is located between Adıyaman, Şanlıurfa, and Diyarbakır provinces. The reservoir has a surface area of 817 km² and a volume of 48.5 cubic kilometers, making it the third largest lake in the country after Lake Van and Lake Tuz. It was formed between 1990–1992. The reservoir water level touched 535 m (1,755 ft) amsl in 1994. Since then, it varies between 526 and 537 m amsl. The full reservoir level is 542 m (1,778 ft), and the minimum operation level is 526 m (1,726 ft) amsl.