Historic houses in Santa Ana, Manila

Last updated

This is a list of historic houses in Santa Ana, Manila, the Philippines.

Contents

Santa Ana is the only district in Manila which was spared from destruction during World War II. Civilians fleeing other parts of Manila sought refuge in this district during the war. Thus, many ancestral houses are still standing up to the present time. Dubbed as the "Forbes Park of Manila", some houses were owned by prominent personalities and wealthy families. [1]

List of historic houses in Santa Ana

  Declared as a Heritage House by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines
ImageNameLocationCoordinates
Santos House 2 Sta. Ana Manila.JPG Amparo-Santos Ancestral House2324 Isabel Street 14°34′50″N121°00′50″E / 14.5806°N 121.014°E / 14.5806; 121.014
Areopagita House exterior.JPG Areopagita Ancestral HouseLamayan Street 14°34′53″N121°00′54″E / 14.5814°N 121.0149°E / 14.5814; 121.0149
JC Fernandez 7.JPG Batungbacal Ancestral House2251 Revellin Street, Brgy. 874 Zone 96 14°34′41″N121°00′41″E / 14.578°N 121.0113°E / 14.578; 121.0113
Bautista Residence in Santa Ana Manila.JPG Bautista-Rodil Ancestral House2225A Tejeron Street 14°34′44″N121°00′28″E / 14.5789°N 121.0077°E / 14.5789; 121.0077
Bernardo House Jardin de Isabel 3 Sta Ana Manila.JPG Bernardo Ancestral HouseIsabel Street 14°34′49″N121°00′49″E / 14.5804°N 121.0136°E / 14.5804; 121.0136
JC Cahayon 7.JPG Cahayon Ancestral House2421 Leiva Street, Brgy. 873 14°34′48″N121°00′47″E / 14.5799°N 121.013°E / 14.5799; 121.013
Cobangbang House, Santa Ana, Manila 01.jpg Cobangbang Ancestral House 2289 Syquia Street 14°34′43″N121°00′35″E / 14.578721°N 121.009825°E / 14.578721; 121.009825
Ocampo House front 2.JPG Cojuangco-Ocampo Ancestral HouseLamayan Street 14°34′59″N121°01′05″E / 14.583°N 121.0181°E / 14.583; 121.0181
Dela Merced House Sta. Ana, Manila.JPG De la Merced - Panis Ancestral HousePlaza Hugo 14°34′52″N121°00′49″E / 14.5812°N 121.0136°E / 14.5812; 121.0136
JC Fernandez 10.jpg Fernandez Ancestral House2254 Revellin Street, Brgy. 874 Zone 96 14°34′40″N121°00′42″E / 14.5779°N 121.0116°E / 14.5779; 121.0116
Gawat House, Santa Ana, Manila 02.jpg Gawat Residential House2307 Medel Street 14°34′48″N121°00′39″E / 14.58°N 121.0107°E / 14.58; 121.0107
JC Levia Syquia 5.JPG Leiva-Syquia Ancestral House2411 Leiva Street, Brgy. 873 14°34′47″N121°00′46″E / 14.5798°N 121.0127°E / 14.5798; 121.0127
Lichauco House 7.jpg Lichauco Heritage House 2315 Pedro Gil Street 14°34′53″N121°00′39″E / 14.5815°N 121.0109°E / 14.5815; 121.0109
Morales House, Santa Ana, Manila.jpg Morales Ancestral House2233 Dela Rosa Street. 14°34′41″N121°00′39″E / 14.5781°N 121.0108°E / 14.5781; 121.0108
Full View of Staircase, Nerecina Ancestral House of Santa Ana, Manila.JPG Nerecina Ancestral HouseOld Panaderos Street corner Embarcadero Street 14°34′57″N121°00′48″E / 14.5824°N 121.0133°E / 14.5824; 121.0133
Pascual House facade.JPG Pascual Modernist House2138 Dr. M.L. Carreon Street 14°34′52″N121°00′26″E / 14.5811°N 121.0072°E / 14.5811; 121.0072
Perez House, Sta. Ana, Manila.JPG Perez Ancestral HousePlaza Hugo 14°34′53″N121°00′49″E / 14.5813°N 121.0136°E / 14.5813; 121.0136
Window, San Juan Ancestral House of Santa Ana, Manila.JPG San Juan Ancestral HousePatino Street 14°35′00″N121°00′47″E / 14.5834°N 121.0131°E / 14.5834; 121.0131
Santaromana House Sta. Ana, Manila.JPG Santaromana Ancestral HousePlaza Hugo

Amparo-Santos Ancestral House

View from the sala Interior 5 Santos House Sta. Ana Manila.JPG
View from the sala

The Amparo-Santos House was built around 1931–1932, along Isabel Street. The original owners of the house were Amparo Lucero, who became Miss Cebu in 1907, and Valentin Santos Sr., who was the first Filipino manager of Manila Electric Company or Meralco. One of the famous personalities related to the Santos family was Jon Santos, a Filipino comedian and total entertainer.

Letter "A" carvings were eminent within the house, specifically at the entrance porch and into the doorways of each bedrooms inside the living room. Circular amulets of St. Benedict could also be noticed at each doors, windows, and eaves of the house. The house was 2nd Transition, Post 1860s, Bahay na Bato, wherein the ground floor was made out of masonry, second floor was made out of wood, and the roofing is in galvanizes iron sheet, with very thick gauge.

Areopagita Ancestral House

Interior of Areopagita Ancestral House Areopagita House interior.JPG
Interior of Areopagita Ancestral House

The Areopagita Residence was built by Leopoldo Areopagita during the early 1900s. Built in the typical bahay na bato fashion, the house has survived the war and a fire. It retained its original wooden windows with capiz shells, as well as the wooden carvings in the interiors. Original large wooden planks with wooden pegs remained intact as flooring in the dining room. Galvanized iron sheets form the roof. The lower exterior of the house is covered with linoleum with brick designs.

Batungbacal Ancestral House

Across the Fernandez Ancestral House is the mission-style Batungbacal Ancestral House built in the 1930s.

Rodil-Bautista Ancestral House

Built in 1932, the Rodil-Bautista Residence's original design is reminiscent to a typical bahay na bato elevated flooring in which the original owners used to keep their livestock at the silong or the lower portion of the house. However, the house has undergone a drastic change in the 1960s (as shown in the picture) by having a concrete foundation to accommodate the growing Bautista family. Its owner was Maria Esperanza Rodil-Bautista whose husband, Feliciano Magsalin Bautista, a medical surgeon from Santa Ana was acclaimed to be one of the first 100 licensed physicians in the country after the Physician Licensure Exam was introduced in the Philippines by our American colonizers during the early 1900s. He later practiced his profession in his hometown of Santa Ana in the 1920s until his demise in 1929. In the present time, the house is being maintained by Feliciano and Maria's grandchildren as heritage house to keep the rich memory of the past alive in their hearts and descendants. The house has retained most of its original materials and furniture because of the family's desire to retain its pre-war history. Prior to its first renovation in the 1960s, its most striking features are the arch-shaped arcade situated at the facade, its style borrowing heavily from Mission-styled house common during the Commonwealth period. It is also characterized by ornamental eaves of each of the house's window. In its early years, the house is raised on stilts with a hallowed space under it. Two decades later, the house was extended to the right side and the original silong became a habitable part of the house. It is located inside a compound at the Tejeron Street in Santa Ana. Another renovation started in 2017 as Feliciano and Maria's grandchildren try to bring back the splendor of the Rodil-Bautista ancestral home.

Bernardo Ancestral House

The Bernardo House was originally built in 1928 along Isabel Street. The two-storey house underwent series of restoration works. This could be observed with the replacement of capiz windows into colored glass, re-painting works, and re-assessment of wooden structural members. At present, the house was converted as one of the main amenities of the events place, Jardin de Isabel. Auxiliary facilities were added such as bahay-kubo-inspired club house and covered car park. [2]

Cahayon Ancestral House

The Cahayon – Lopez Ancestral House is an American-era ancestral house built in 1937. Much of the two-storey structure, with its furniture, is still intact save for some windows on the first level that were replaced with jalousie windows.

Cobangbang Ancestral House

Another prewar structure in the district is the house built by Aurelio Cobangbang on Syquia Street is the Cobangbang Ancestral House. The two-storey ancestral house was spared from destruction during World War II.

Cojuangco-Ocampo Ancestral House

Built around the 1930s, the house used to be owned by Eduardo Cojuangco Sr. and his wife, Josephine Murphy. The property was eventually bought by the family of Pablo V. Ocampo, who served as councilor and representative of the old Fourth Legislative District of Manila and a grandson of Pablo de Leon Ocampo, who was a member of the Malolos Congress. It currently serves as residence of the representative of Manila's Sixth Legislative District Rosenda Ann Ocampo, the daughter of Pablo V. Ocampo.

The house features a vast garden at the back of the structure which includes a gazebo facing the Pasig River. It is one of the few surviving Santa Ana structures found along the river.

De la Merced - Panis Ancestral House

View of the De la Merced-Panis Ancestral house Dela Merced House 2 Sta. Ana, Manila.JPG
View of the De la Merced-Panis Ancestral house

The De la Merced - Panis House resembles the architectural style of Perez House because of its near proximity to Santa Ana Church and Plaza Hugo. It was built during the 1920s. The present owner of the house was a relative of Ernest Panis, one of the members of Santa Ana Heritage Tourism Association (SAHTA).

Just like the Perez House, it served as an apartment-type house. It utilized its ground floor as a commercial space before, and its second floor as a residential space. Compared to the Perez House, its original features remained intact, including its ventanillas' iron works, galvanized iron canopy roofing along each window accentuated with concave designs, and carvings at the eaves which also serves as openings for efficient cross-ventilation within the house.

Fernandez Ancestral House

The Fernandez House, along Revellin street, was built sometime between the 1890s to the 1900s. The two-storey house is undergoing renovations. The house, reminiscent of a typical bahay na bato in the Philippines, has a first level of wood and bricks and a wooden second floor. Another noteworthy feature of the house is its original piedra china pavement on its driveway.

Garzon - Diaz De Rivera Ancestral House

The Diaz De Rivera House was demolished. It was right next to the then St Anne Academy along Pedro Gil.


The Diaz de Rivera family is a prominent Filipino family known for their contributions to the arts, culture, and heritage conservation in the Philippines. They have a long and storied history in Santa Ana, Manila, where they own several ancestral homes and properties.

The Diaz de Rivera family is descended from Don Jose Diaz de Rivera, who served as the governor of the Province of Bulacan during the Spanish colonial period. The family's ancestral home in Santa Ana, known as the Casa Blanca, was built in the 1800s and has been preserved as a cultural landmark.

In addition to their contributions to heritage conservation, the Diaz de Rivera family has also been active in the arts and culture scene in the Philippines. Several members of the family have pursued careers in music, theater, and the visual arts.

The family is also known for their philanthropic work. They have supported various charitable causes and organizations over the years, including those that promote education and the arts.

Today, the Diaz de Rivera family continues to be an important part of the cultural and social fabric of Santa Ana, Manila, and the wider Philippines. They have made significant contributions to the development and preservation of the district's heritage and cultural legacy.

Gawat Residential House

A closer look at the windows and canopies of Gawat Residential House Gawat House, Santa Ana, Manila 01.jpg
A closer look at the windows and canopies of Gawat Residential House

This two-storey villa was constructed in 1923 after Andres Gawat, a police captain, won in a lottery. It is located at 2307 Medel Street. The house is characterized by having a plain exterior, exhibiting walls made of hardwood and the traditional sliding capiz windows with iron grills. Board panels around the house were arranged vertically and horizontally. Repairs have been made to the walls to replace decayed panels. Galvanized iron sheets were utilized as main roof and canopies. Poured concrete was used on the floor on the first storey while hardwood board panels were installed on the floor on the second storey of the house. [3]

Leiva-Syquia Ancestral House

A few steps away from the Cahayon Ancestral House is the Leiva-Syquia Ancestral House built also in the 1930s. The two-level house of the Syquia family, according to oral history, used to house the clinic of Dr. Pio Valenzuela while on his stay at Santa Ana, Manila. The house was occupied by the Agham Theater Company sometime in the 1990s before moving their headquarters to the University of Makati. Significant renovations were done by Engr. Solomon A. Provido and his wife Ethelina Provido (née Mendoza) who occupied the home with their family in the late 1990s to early 2000s. This included rehabilitation of two kitchens, three bathrooms, and addition of upstairs and downstairs bedrooms. The exterior of the house was kept as close as possible to original to pay respect to the home's history. Roof and gates were painted green as this is the family's lucky color.

Lichauco Heritage House

The Lichauco Heritage House is one of the surviving old house structures located along Pedro Gil Street. Built around the mid-19th century, its general structure reflects the architectural style of houses common during the Spanish Colonial period. [1] [4] On July 10, 2010, by virtue of the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (then National Historical Institute) Resolution No. 5, the Lichauco House was declared a Heritage House, [5] the first to receive such distinction in Santa Ana.

Morales Ancestral House

This chalet-type house was built in 1932. Unlike any other houses, the facade has a striking appearance, showing its walls and pediment with geometric designs. A variety of windows can be seen. There is a glass-on-wood sliding frame window, a ventanilla with wood sliding panels and iron grills, and a window with diagonal iron window grills on the facade with the "GM" initials. There is also a window with capiz-shell panes on sliding wood frames and one with iron window grills on the lateral part of the house. Its exterior walls are made of wood panels on the front and horizontal clapboards on the sides. The house is located at 2233 Dela Rosa Street. [6]

Nerecina Ancestral House

The Nerecina Ancestral House is located in Old Panaderos Street corner Embarcadero Street. Built in 1930 by Julio G. Nerecina, MD, the house is a mixture of masonry and wood following the typical bahay-na-bato fashion of the American Period houses. Notable features of the exterior are the staircase of adobe stones and its veranda. The house has a plain exterior, showing walls made of masonry and hardwood on its first and second levels respectively and the traditional sliding capiz-shell windows with ventanillas and iron grills.

Pascual Modernist House

The Pascual House is located in 2138 Dr. M.L. Carreon Street. Like a number of older prominent houses in the district, this 3-storey structure enjoys the view of the nearby Pasig River which is located on the east, as well as the Estero de Pandacan farther up on the northeast. These riverside houses have verandas and wide opening to frame the river views as well as catch the breeze. [1]

The Pascual House is a modernist style house built in April 1948, using a mixture of reinforced concrete, masonry and wood. A notable feature of the exterior are the three reinforced concrete pylons on the façade of the house. The mirador or watchtower is also a notable feature of the exterior that adorns the corner mass of the whole house. Vertical and horizontal design elements complement the whole massing of the house. On the interiors, notable features are the built-in cabinetry, niches and the cove ceilings. All are in stylized geometric form. Granolithic flooring can still be found on the first three steps of the stairs and main entrance steps. The whole ground floor is covered in “Machuca” tiles. On the second floor, geometric stylized ventilation panels with the initials of the original owner (V) embellish the wall partitions. Plumbing fixtures are all original from the 1940s.

Originally the house was owned by Mr. Jose Velo, the house is occupied by its second owner Engr. Rodolfo C. Pascual who bought the property in 1984. According to its present owner, the house was sometimes used as a location for some movies during the 1950s and has managed to survive even as many neighboring older structures, mostly vacation houses built in other architectural styles, eventually decayed through the years and are now being demolished to give way to modern developments. [7]

Perez Ancestral House

The Perez House is a two-storey apartment-type structure, built between 1931 and 1932 located in Plaza Hugo. [6] It was originally owned by Jaime S. Perez, an en kargador or tax collector during the pre-war. It is within near proximity to the Santa Ana Church and Plaza Hugo, the former center of main activity in Santa Ana, Manila. The ground floor was utilized before as a commercial space, exhibiting ecclesiastical sculptures and art. The second floor was utilized as a residential space for owner/s and bed spacers. At present, the ground floor was still used as a commercial space (sari-sari store) while the second floor was converted into one-room bedroom. This utilization of spaces was an example of adaptive re-use, least option in Heritage Conservation.

San Juan Ancestral House

The San Juan Ancestral House is one of the old structures located along Patino Street. Constructed in 1937, the two-story wood-and-stone house became the home of the San Juan Clan after Pablo San Juan, Sr and his wife got married. One can hardly notice this old house because of a big Alagao Tree that stands in front of its facade. Generally, most of the components of the house were kept untouched from renovation. However, several portions of the back part of the house were damaged by a fire that occurred on December 23, 2006. These remained unrepaired up to this day.

Santaromana Ancestral House

The Santaromana House was built at around 1920s along the Plaza Hugo. It gained recognition before as a famous bakery within Santa Ana, Manila. At present, the ground floor was still used as a bakery while the second floor was used as a residential space.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bahay kubo</span> Type of Filipino stilt house

The bahay kubo, kubo, or payag in the Visayan languages, is a type of stilt house indigenous to the Philippines. It often serves as an icon of Philippine culture. The house is exclusive to the lowland population of unified Spanish conquered territories. Its design heavily influenced the colonial-era bahay na bato architecture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Architecture of the Philippines</span> Architectural styles and elements found in the Philippine archipelago

The architecture of the Philippines reflects the historical and cultural traditions in the country. Most prominent historic structures in the archipelago are influenced by Austronesian, American architectures.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Balay Negrense</span> Lifestyle museum in Negros Occidental, Philippines

The Balay Negrense, also as Victor Fernandez Gaston Ancestral House is a museum in Silay City, Negros Occidental in the Philippines, showcasing the lifestyle of a late 19th-century Negrense sugar baron. It is notable for being the first museum to be established in the province of Negros Occidental.

<i>Tampuhan</i> (painting)

Tampuhan, meaning "sulking", is an 1895 classic oil on canvas impressionist painting by Filipino painter and revolutionary activist Juan Luna. It depicts a Filipino man and a Filipino woman having a lovers' quarrel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Quema House</span>

The Quema House is the ancestral home of the Quema family in the Philippines. Built in the 1820s, it is a historic landmark in the town of Vigan, Ilocos Sur in the Philippines. The town itself was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ancestral houses of the Philippines</span>

Ancestral houses of the Philippines or Heritage Houses are homes owned and preserved by the same family for several generations as part of the Filipino family culture. It corresponds to long tradition by Filipino people of giving reverence for ancestors and elders. Houses could be a simple house to a mansion. The most common ones are the "Bahay na Bato". Some houses of prominent families had become points of interest or museums in their community because of its cultural, architectural or historical significance. These houses that are deemed of significant importance to the Filipino culture are declared Heritage House by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP), previously known as the National Historical Institute (NHI) of the Philippines. Preservation is of utmost importance as some ancestral houses have come into danger due to business people who buy old houses in the provinces, dismantle them then sell the parts as ancestral building materials for homeowners wishing to have the ancestral ambiance on their houses. These ancestral houses provide the current generation a look back of the country's colonial past through these old houses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Don Catalino Rodriguez Ancestral House</span>

Don Catalino Rodriguez Ancestral House, also known as Villa Sariaya, is one of the three houses declared by the National Historical Institute of the Philippines as Heritage house in Sariaya, Quezon. It was owned by Don Catalino Rodriguez, Sariaya’s town Presidente from 1908 to 1909. The house occupies an entire block near the church park. Its main entrance faces south along Calle Daliz and is bounded by Calle Rizal on the west and Quezon Avenue on the east. This house has already been transformed into a Museum and visitors can choose to wear period costumes for reasonable fees and pose for souvenir photos. Don Catalino Rodriguez Ancestral House is listed as one of the Ancestral Houses in the Philippines, under Region IV-A.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jose P. Laurel Ancestral House (Manila)</span>

The Jose P. Laurel Ancestral House is a historic house in Manila, Philippines. It is one of the three houses owned by the President of the Second Philippine Republic, José P. Laurel. It is located in 1515 Peñafrancia Street in Paco District. President Laurel purchased the house in 1926 and served as his residence, together with his wife Pacencia Hidalgo and their children, for 29 years before he transferred to his retirement home in Mandaluyong.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lara House (Las Piñas)</span> Single Detached (detachment); Townhouse (function) in Barangay Ilaya, Las Piñas

The Lara House is a historic house located in Las Piñas, Metro Manila, Philippines. Built in the 1880s, the house was the first municipal hall of Las Piñas where its first mayor, Juan Tiongkiao, held office from 1905 to 1913.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lichauco Heritage House</span> Residential House in Manila, Philippines

The Lichauco Heritage House, formally known as the O'Brien-Lichauco Heritage House is one of the oldest surviving houses in Santa Ana, Manila, Philippines. Originally built in 1859, the house was purchased in the late 1940s by a prominent Filipino lawyer and dignitary, Marcial Lichauco from a European family who had fled the Japanese occupation in the Philippines. The house was declared as a heritage house by the National Historical Commission on July 10, 2010. The Lichauco Heritage house is located along Pedro Gil Street. It is the only declared Heritage House in Santa Ana, and one of the only two declared heritage houses in Metro Manila along with Mira-Nila House in Quezon City.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cobangbang Ancestral House</span> Building in Manila, Philippines

The Cobangbang Ancestral House is a heritage house in Manila, Philippines built in 1930 by Aurelio Cobangbang. It is located within the heritage zone of Santa Ana, the only district in Manila which was spared from destruction during World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bernardino Jalandoni Museum</span> Lifestyle museum in Negros Occidental, Philippines

The Bernardino Jalandoni Museum, also known as the Bernardino Jalandoni House, located along Rizal Street, Silay City, in the province of Negros Occidental, Philippines, is the original residence of the late Don Bernardino and Doña Ysabel Jalandoni. The museum is also known as the "Pink House" because of its conspicuous pink paint that easily grabs attention.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cesar Lacson Locsin Ancestral House</span>

The Cesar Lacson Locsin Ancestral House is a heritage house known to be the home of El Ideal Bakery, the oldest bakery along Rizal and Eusebio Streets, National Highway, Silay, Negros Occidental, Philippines. The bakery is known for its "guapple" pie and several other local delicacies and sweets.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clarin Ancestral House</span> Residential House and Museum in Bohol, Philippines

The Clarin Ancestral House is the residence of the Clarin family, a prominent family of politicians from Loay, Bohol, Philippines. It is arguably the most visited of all ancestral houses in Bohol, along with the President Carlos P. Garcia Heritage House in Tagbilaran.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Casa Bizantina</span> Single-detached in Bataan, Philippines

The Don Lorenzo del Rosario House, also known as Casa Bizantina, is a heritage house museum originally located at San Nicolas, Manila. It was transferred and reconstructed in 2009 at Las Casas Filipinas de Acuzar, Bagac, Bataan. It was designed by a Catalan architect Joan Josep Jose Hervas y Arizmendi, in 1890. It is the only existing building designed by the Architect Arizmendi in the Philippines. In addition to that, it was cited by Tribune magazine in 1939 despite its neglected state.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Casa Unisan</span> Single-detached in Bataan, Philippines

The Don Antonio Maxino House, also known as Casa Unisan, is a heritage house museum originally located at town of Kalilayan in Tayabas province. It was built in 1839 by Don Antonio Maxino. The house was claimed to be the first bahay-na-bato of the municipality. In 2007, the half-ruined house was sold to Jose L. Acuzar by a remaining family member. Unfortunately, the rest of the Maxinos were massacred by bandits, or tulisan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Villavicencio-Marella House</span> Museum and Residence in Taal, Philippines

The Villavicencio-Marella House or Wedding Gift House is an old Spanish Colonial Era house in Taal, Batangas, Philippines. The house was the wedding gift present of Don Eulalio Villavicencio to his wife Doña Gliceria Marella y Legaspi on the occasion of their wedding in 1871.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bahay Nakpil-Bautista</span> Building in Manila, Philippines

The Nakpil-Bautista House is a bahay na bato ancestral home found in the district of Quiapo, Manila, the Philippines. It was built in 1914 by Arcadio Arellano. The house originally sat on two lots, having a total area of 500 square metres (5,400 sq ft).

<i>Bahay na bato</i> Style of Filipino house architecture

Bahay na bato, also known in Cebuano as balay na bato or balay nga bato and in Spanish as casa Filipino, is a type of building originating during the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. It is an updated version of the traditional bahay kubo of the Christianized lowlanders, known for its use of masonry in its construction, using stone and brick materials and later synthetic concrete, rather than just full organic materials of the former style. Its design has evolved throughout the ages, but still maintains the bahay kubo's architectural principle, which is adapted to the tropical climate, stormy season, and earthquake-prone environment of the whole archipelago of the Philippines, and fuses it with the influence of Spanish colonizers and Chinese traders. It is one of the many architecture throughout the Spanish Empire known as Arquitectura mestiza. The style is a hybrid of Austronesian, Spanish, and Chinese; and later, with early 20th-century American architecture, supporting the fact that the Philippines is a result of these cultures mixing. Its most common appearance features an elevated, overhanging wooden upper story standing on wooden posts in a rectangular arrangement as a foundation. The posts are placed behind Spanish-style solid stone blocks or bricks, giving the impression of a first floor. Still, the ground level contains storage rooms, cellars, shops, or other business-related functions. The second floor is the elevated residential apartment, as it is with the bahay kubo. The roof materials are either tiled or thatched with nipa, sago palm, or cogon, with later 19th-century designs featuring galvanization. Roof styles are traditionally high pitched and are include the gable roof, hip roof, East Asian hip roof, and the simpler East Asian hip-and-gable roof. Horses for carriages are housed in stables called caballerizas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ventanilla (Philippine architecture)</span> Feature in Philippine architecture

In Philippine architecture, the ventanilla is a small window or opening below a larger window's casement, created—often reaching the level of the floor—to allow either additional air into a room during hot days or some air during hot nights when the main window's panes are drawn. It also allows for more light to strike the floor.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Francisco, Katerina. "Fighting to preserve heritage in Santa Ana, Manila". Rappler.com. Retrieved May 3, 2014.
  2. "Home". Jardin de Isabel.
  3. "The Architectural Heritage of Manila/Metro Manila Project, 1571-1961". Haligui.net. Retrieved September 28, 2014.
  4. Gamil, Jaymee T. (December 20, 2010). "Pre-war Sta. Ana home now a heritage house". Archived from the original on April 13, 2014. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
  5. "2010 BOARD RESOLUTIONS". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. February 3, 2014. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
  6. 1 2 "The Architectural Heritage of Manila/Metro Manila Project, 1571-1961". Haligui.net. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
  7. Villalon, Augusto. "Good old Filipino values in Sta. Ana, Manila". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 3, 2014. Retrieved May 3, 2014.