Hope Clarke

Hope Clarke
Born	(1941-03-23) March 23, 1941 (age 83) Washington, D.C., U.S.
Occupations	Actress choreographer dancer vocalist
Years active	1960–present
Awards	Dramalogue Award, Joseph Calloway Award, NAACP Image, Outer Critics Award

Hope Clarke (born March 23, 1941) is an American actress, dancer, vocalist, choreographer, and director. Clarke, a Tony Award nominee, made history in 1995 when she became the first African-American, as well as the first African-American woman, to direct and choreograph a major staging of the classic opera, Porgy and Bess . Clarke began her career as a principal dancer with the Katherine Dunham Company and the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater, and as an actress appeared in many stage, film, and television productions. As a choreographer, Clarke is credited with staging and movement for more than 30 shows on and off Broadway.

Early life and education

Clarke was born in Washington, DC, to Maurice A. Clarke ^[1] and Hope Aldridge Clarke. She was raised with her sister, Barbara, ^[2] in a middle class Black community, a place where people shopped through mail-order catalogues in order to purchase clothes offered in stores where they were not welcomed. “The black community, as I remember it, was very closely knit," Clarke said in the San Francisco Examiner : "Before the fabric of this society was torn by racism and lack of education, we all took care of each other. We all watched each other's children." ^[3]

Clarke began studying dance with her sister at the Alma Davis Dance School in Washington, DC. ^{[4] [5]} She attended Spingarn High School, and graduated in 1959. ^[6] In her senior year, she was a lead dancer with Doris W. Jones and her company. ^{[2] [4] [7]}

Clarke worked as a summer employee for the CIA. ^[4]

Career

West Side Story to Don’t Bother Me, I Can’t Cope

In 1959, Clarke landed a role in the original touring cast of West Side Story. ^[4] At the urging of her sister, she auditioned for the role, got it, and joined the touring company while it was in Chicago, ^{[2] [8] [9]} and remained in the cast until April 23, 1960. ^[10] In 1961, Clarke appeared in the interracial love story Kwamina starring Brock Peters and Robert Guillaume, and featuring the choreography of Agnes de Mille. ^{[2] [9]} In 1967, she played a minor role and was part of the ensemble in Hallelujah, Baby!, which received five Tony Awards, including Best Musical. ^{[2] [8] [9]}

In 1966, Clarke appeared in the Metropolitan Opera's first production, Antony and Cleopatra . ^[11] In 1968, she played Mamselle Tulip in the House of Flowers at the Lucille Lortel Theatre. ^[12] In 1969, Clarke had a role in Douglas Turner Ward’s “The Reckoning” at the St. Mark’s Playhouse, ^{[2] [8]} an off-off Broadway theater that showcased the work of the Negro Ensemble Company. ^{[8] [12]}

In 1970, Clarke was a dancer in “Purlie,” a musical that nominated for five Tony Awards. ^{[2] [8]} In 1972, she was in the musical “Don’t Bother Me, I Can’t Cope,” which was the first Broadway musical to be directed by an African American woman, Vinnette Carroll. ^{[2] [4] [9] [13]}

Alvin Ailey, Katherine Dunham, and 5 Plus

Clarke served as a principal dancer in the Katherine Dunham Company and the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater. ^{[2] [8] [14] [15] [4]} In the Ailey company, she toured internationally and received positive reviews and audience ovations. ^{[4] [16]} In addition to dancing with Dunham and Ailey, Clarke performed with the companies of Tally Beatty, ^{[4] [8]} George Faison, ^[8] and Louis Johnson. ^{[2] [8]}

Clarke, along with Michael Blake, Carmen de Lavallade, Sheila Rohan, and others, co-founded the former 5 Plus Ensemble (New Beginnings Theater), a dance company created to showcase the work of dancers, choreographer, and musicians who are older than the age of 50. ^{[4] [17] [18]}

Film and Television

After appearing on Broadway and around the world as a dancer, Clarke moved to Hollywood, California with the help of actor and friend Raymond St. Jacques. ^[4] Her most memorable film roles were co-starring with Sidney Poitier in A Piece of the Action (1977); ^[4] working with St. Jacques and Philip Michael Thomas on the A Book of Numbers' set in Dallas; ^{[4] [19] [8]} and portraying Jean-Michel Basquiat's mother, Matilde, in Basquiat (1996). ^{[4] [12]} Clarke has had a variety of guest roles on tv shows, such as Hill Street Blues , ^[4] Amen, Another World, As the World Turns, Beat Street, Hart to Hart , Into the Night, The Jeffersons , The Ropers , Sex and the City, Three's Company . ^[2] She appeared in the TV miniseries King (1978), which was based upon the life of Martin Luther King Jr., the slain civil rights leader.

Grind, A Tony Nomination, and Fly

In 1985, Clarke played “Ruby” in the musical Grind ^{[8] [9] [20]} and worked with Lester Wilson. ^[4] In 1992, Clarke earned a Tony Award nomination for “Best Choreography” for her work in the 1992 Broadway hit Jelly's Last Jam . ^{[2] [9] [21]} The show grew from New York workshops and a Los Angeles production at the Mark Taper Forum to a Broadway show. ^[22]

In 1995, Clarke choreographed “The Tempest.” ^{[8] [9]} In November 2003, she started work on Caroline, or Change, a musical that features spirituals, blues, Motown, classical music and Jewish Klezmer. ^[23] Clarke was responsible for the choreography of the show that began as an Off-Broadway production, received a Broadway production of 126 performances in 2004, received six Tony Award nominations, and had a two-month run at the Lyttleton Theatre, National Theatre in London, winning the Olivier Award for Best New Musical. ^{[23] [12] [20]}

In 2010, Clarke choreographed A Free Man of Color, ^[9] and in 2017, she choreographed, Fly, a play about the Tuskegee Airmen. The show was produced by the Lincoln Center Institute and toured to several venues, including Alabama Shakespeare Festival, Pasadena Playhouse, Florida Studio Theatre, St. Louis Rep, Cincinnati Playhouse, Ford's Theatre, Vineyard Playhouse, and Crossroads Theatre. ^{[4] [24] [25] [26]}

Collaborations with George C. Wolfe

After George C. Wolfe hired Clarke to create movement and staging for The Colored Museum, ^{[2] [27]} the pair have collaborated on 10 plays, ^[4] including the opera Amistad, ^[28] the Off-Broadway play, Spunk, ^[27] and Broadway shows Caroline, Or Change , A Free Man of Color , and Jelly's Last Jam, which earned Clarke a Tony Award nomination. ^{[29] [30]}

Porgy & Bess: The Opera

In 1995, Clarke directed the Houston Grand Opera production of Porgy & Bess , the first African American to stage a major professional U.S. staging of “Porgy and Bess. ^{[27] [14] [15]} Regarded as America’s greatest opera, the two million dollar Houston Grand production toured throughout the United States, as well as performances in Italy and Japan. ^{[31] [14]}

In 2012, Clarke directed a Morgan State University production of Porgy & Bess at the Murphy Fine Arts Center. ^{[32] [33]}

Quotable

• “I want African Americans who come to see the opera to be proud that an African American is directing the production and to recognize the people on stage.” ^[14]
• "Blacks and women have been locked out of directing major productions for too long. It's time for us not only to tell our stories but to direct them." ^[34]
• "As a director, I guess I bring in the female sensibilities. Since I'm also an actress, I've really tried to develop the characterizations so that the performers don't do a little singing here, and some acting there. And coming from a black perspective, I know how we think, how we feel, what we do. I understand the little things. That makes a difference." ^[35]
• “In my production, everybody works. Everybody has some type of job. Just because you are poor doesn't mean you have to be slovenly or ignorant." ^[36]

Honors and Awards

• 2020 -- Society of Stage Directors and Choreographers, elected to a three-year term to the Board of Directors. ^[37]
• 2018–3rd Annual Project1VOICE HONORS, “to celebrate and honor artists whose talents continue to shape and enrich American culture.” ^[38]
• 2015 - 2018 Broadway seasons, Tony Awards Nominating Committee. ^{[39] [40]}
• 2009 - 2012 Broadway Seasons, Tony Awards Nominating Committee. ^{[41] [42] [43]}
• 2004—Lucille Lortel Award, Outstanding Choreographer, Caroline, Or Change
• 2001—AUDELCO Recognition Awards for Excellence in Black Theatre (nomination), Choreographer, A Prophet Among Them ^[44]
• 1998—Society of Stage Directors and Choreographers, elected to Board of Directors. ^[45]
• 1993—Tony Award (nomination), Best Choreography (with Gregory Hines and Ted Levy), Jelly's Last Jam
• 1993—Outer Critics Award, Best Choreography (with Gregory Hines and Ted Levy), Jelly’s Last Jam (with Gregory Hines and Ted Levy) ^[46]
• 1992—Drama Desk Award (nomination), Outstanding Choreography (with Gregory Hines and Ted Levy), Jelly's Last Jam
• 1991—NAACP Image Award, Best Choreography, Jelly's Last Jam ^[24]
• 1988—Drama Logue Award, Outstanding Choreography, The Colored Museum ^[24]

Credits

Stage

Year	Title	Type	Venue	Role
2023	A Christmas Carol, A Ghost Story of Christmas	Musical, holiday	Hartford Stage	Choreographer [47]
2019	The In-Gathering	Musical	New Professional Theatre at the Duke Theater	Choreographer [48]
2018	A Christmas Carol, A Ghost Story of Christmas	Musical, holiday	Hartford Stage	Choreographer [49]
2017	FLY	Play, drama	Alabama Shakespeare Festival, Pasadena Playhouse, Florida Studio Theatre, St. Louis Rep, Cincinnati Playhouse, Ford's Theatre, Vineyard Playhouse, Crossroads Theatre	Choreographer [24] [25]
2016	A Christmas Carol, A Ghost Story of Christmas	Musical, holiday	Hartford Stage	Choreographer [50]
2016	The Roads to Home	Play, drama	Primary Stages, Cherry Lane Theater	Movement consultant [51] [24]
2015	Grey Gardens	Musical	Center Theatre Group, Bay Street Theatre	Choreographer [24] [52]
2014	A Christmas Carol, A Ghost Story of Christmas	Musical, holiday	Hartford Stage	Choreographer [53]
2013	A Christmas Carol, A Ghost Story of Christmas	Musical, holiday	Hartford Stage	Choreographer [54]
2011	Mr. Abbott Award Gala	Benefit	In honor of George C. Wolfe, New York	Choreographer [55]
2010 – 2011	A Free Man of Color	Broadway play, original, drama	Vivian Beaumont Theater	Choreographer
2010	Agnes deMille: From Ballet to Broadway	Revue	St. Luke's Theatre	Performer [56] [57]
2010	Jesus Christ Superstar Gospel	Musical	Alliance Theatre	Choreographer [26]
2008	Resurrection	Play	Philadelphia Theatre Company, Hartford Stage	Choreographer [24] [58]
2006 - 2007	Caroline, or Change	Musical, tour	The Lyttelton, at the National Theatre, London	Choreographer [23]
2006	The Dreams of Sarah Breedlove	Play, drama	Goodman Theater	Choreographer [8] [59]
2005	The Learned Ladies of Park Avenue	Play	Hartford Stage	Choreographer [24] [60]
2004	Caroline, or Change	Broadway musical, original, drama	Eugene O'Neill Theatre	Choreographer
2004	Stormy Weather	Musical	New York	Choreographer [61]
2003	Caroline, or Change	Off-Broadway musical, original, drama	Joseph Papp Public Theater/ Newman Theater	Choreographer [51]
2002	The Odyssey	Play	Theater at St. Clement's	Musical staging [8] [26] [62]
2000	A Christmas Carol, A Ghost Story of Christmas	Musical, holiday	Hartford Stage	Choreographer [63]
2000	A Prophet Among Them	Play with music	Blue Heron Arts Center	Choreographer [64] [44]
1999	Mack and Mabel	Musical	Barrington Stage	Choreographer [65] [66]
1999	South Pacific	Musical	Pioneer Theatre	Choreographer [24] [67]
1998	Porgy and Bess	Ballet	Dallas Black Dance Theatre	Choreographer [68]
1998	Cabaret	Musical	Cambridge Theatre Company	Choreographer [69]
1997	Armistad	Opera	Lyric Opera	Choreographer [8] [70]
1997	Nobody Says Baby Like A Black Man	Off-Broadway play	American Place Theater	Director
1996	A ... My Name is Alice	Musical, revue	McGinn-Cazale Theater	Choreographer [51] [26] [71]
1996	One Touch of Venus	Musical	New York City Center/ Mainstage	Choreographer [12] [51]
1995	Angel Levine	Off-Broadway musical	Playhouse 91	Choreographer [51]
1995	The Tempest	Off-Broadway Play, comedy, revival	Delacorte Theater	Choreographer [51]
1995	The Tempest	Broadway play, comedy, revival	Broadhurst Theatre	Choreographer [72]
1993	Sweet & Hot: The Songs of Harold Arlen	Musical	La Jolla Playhouse (West Coast Premiere)	Choreographer [73]
1992 – 1993	Jelly's Last Jam	Broadway musical, original	Virginia Theatre	Choreographer (nominated for a Tony)
1991	Black Eagles	Play	New York City Center/ Stage II	Choreographer [51]
1991	Così fan tutte	Opera	New York	Choreographer [15] [74]
1990	Spunk: Three Tales by Zora Neale Hurston	Off-Broadway play	Joseph Papp Public Theater/ Martinson Hall	Choreographer [2] [8] [51]
1990	The Caucasian Chalk Circle	Play	Joseph Papp Public Theater/ Martinson Hall	Choreographer [51] [2]
1988	Porgy & Bess	Opera	Finnish National Opera and Brazil (Opera Ebony productions)	Choreographer [8] [75]
1986	The Colored Museum	Play	Joseph Papp Public Theater/ Susan Stein Shiva Theater	Choreographer [51]
1985	Grind	Broadway musical, original	Mark Hellinger Theatre	Ruby / performer
1972 – 1974	Don't Bother Me, I Can't Cope	Broadway musical, original, revue, all-Black cast	Playhouse Theatre, Edison Theatre	Performer
1972	Black Visions	Off-Broadway play	Joseph Papp Public Theater/ Annex	Choreographer [51]
1967 – 1968	Hallelujah, Baby!	Broadway musical, original	Martin Beck Theatre	Performer
1966	Antony and Cleopatra	Opera	Metropolitan Opera	Dancer [11]
1960	West Side Story	Broadway musical	Winter Garden Theatre, Alvin Theatre, and Tour Cities	Performer

TV and Film

Year	Title	Type	Role
1969	Change of Mind	Film	Nancy
2023	LEAP FOR JOY! In Celebration of National Dance Day	Short film, musical	Self
2023	Rustin	Film	Lucille Randolph
2019	Finding Julia	Film	Choreographer [12]
2004	Men Without Jobs	Film	Ms. Jackson
1996–2002	Law & Order	TV Series	Multiple episodes: Mrs. Marbury, Appellate Judge #2, Judge Emma Reynolds
2002	Driving Fish	Short film	Betty
2000	Seventeen Again	TV Movie	Grandma Catherine “Cat” Donovan
2002	Sex and the City	TV Series	Lee
1996	New York Undercover	TV Series	Marilyn Ferris
1996	Basquiat	Film	Matilde
1988	A Father's Homecoming	TV Movie	Doctor
1987	Amen	TV Series	Carol Wilson
1987	Angel Heart	Film	Voodoo Dancer
1985	Into the Night	Film	Airport Cop
1984	Beat Street	Film	Assistant Choreographer [76]
1983	The New Odd Couple	TV Series	Beth St. Clair
1982	Hill Street Blues	TV Series	Mrs. Reese
1982	Lois Gibbs and the Love Canal	TV Movie	Chris
1981	Maggie	TV Series	Receptionist
1981	Body and Soul	Film	Choreographer [12]
1980	Scout's Honor	TV Movie	Mrs. Prewett
1978	The White Shadow	TV Series	Aunt Edna Hayward
1979	Three's Company	TV Series	Second Nurse
1979	Hart to Hart	TV Series	Teacher
1979	Miss Winslow and Son	TV Series	Cast member
1979	The Ropers	TV Series	Dr. Young
1979	Jennifer: A Woman's Story	TV Movie	Annie (secretary)
1976; 1977–1978	What's Happening!!	TV Series	Multiple episodes: Mrs. Watson, Elizabeth Duncan
1974	Good Times	TV Series	Brenda Gordon
1978	King	TV Mini Series	Multiple episodes: Mary
1975	The Jeffersons	TV Series	Sherry Barnes
1977	A Piece of the Action	Film	Sarah Thomas
1973	Book of Numbers	Film	Pigmeat Goins [77]
1971	Going Home	Film	Mother at prison
1969	Change of Mind	Film	Nancy
1968	N.Y.P.D.		Ivy

References

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2. Nesmith, Nathaniel G. (2021-01-29). "Hope Clarke: A Career of Being Ready for the Next Chance". AMERICAN THEATRE. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
3. San Francisco Examiner, April 30, 1995, p. M10.
4. Waters, Sylvia and Hope Clarke interview. Jerome Robbins Dance Division Oral History Project. The New York Public Library for the Performing Arts. April 20, 24, and 25, 2017. 3 streaming files (approximately approximately 4 hours and 55 minutes) : digital + transcript (232 pages). https://legacycatalog.nypl.org/record=b21682817~S1
6. Bobo, Marian Kenely. Spingarn SHS Notable Trail Blazers: Alumni Achievements. Spingarn Alumni Association.
7. Kriegsman, Alan (April 20, 1987). Tribute for the Troupe: The Capitol Ballet's Spirited Benefit Gala. Washington Post.
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11. Opening Night, World Premiere, New Production, ... Antony and Cleopatra, Metropolitan Opera House, September 16, 1966. Metropolitan Opera.
12. "Hope Clarke: Credits, Bio, News & More | Broadway World". www.broadwayworld.com. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
13. Don't bother me, I can't cope, 1972. Gospel Music History Archive. Victory Baptist Church (Los Angeles) Archival Collection. University of Southern California. Libraries. 1972. https://digitallibrary.usc.edu/asset-management/2A3BF1O3VHSN3?FR_=1&W=1679&H=992
14. Herman, Kenneth (1995-03-05). "Performing Arts : 'Porgy' Gets a Cultural Makeover : Director Hope Clarke has added a historic African American flavor to Gershwin's classic characters on Catfish Row". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
15. Segal, Lewis (1995-06-01). "It's Summertime, and the Staging Ain't Easy . . . : Opera: Hope Clarke is unhappy that her work on 'Porgy and Bess' is being modified before its area visit. But the Houston Opera's general director counters that 'it's not a new staging.'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
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