House of Izmaylov

Last updated
House of Izmaylov
Измайловы
noble/boyar family
RU COA Izmailov.png
Coat-of-arms of the Izmaylovs of Ryazan
Current region Russia
Place of origindisputed:

Golden Horde, Principality of Chernigov,

Principality of Ryazan
Founded14th century
FounderIsmail Prokofyevich Shayn
Estate(s)Bykovo, Ramensky District, Moscow Oblast

Filimonki, Moscow

Golubino, Yasenevo District, Moscow

The House of Izmaylov is a prominent family of Russian high nobility, descended from the boyars of the Grand Duchy of Ryazan. The Izmaylov family was one of the most powerful in the Duchy of Ryazan. The family was listed in the parts 6 ('ancient nobility') of the genealogical books of Moscow, Ryazan and Tambov.

Boyar

A boyar was a member of the highest rank of the feudal Bulgarian, Kievan, Moscovian, Serbian, Wallachian, Moldavian, and later Romanian aristocracies, second only to the ruling princes from the 10th century to the 17th century. The rank has lived on as a surname in Russia, Ukraine and Romania, and in Finland, where it is spelled Pajari.

The Grand Duchy of Ryazan existed from 1078 when it was separated from the Chernigov Principality as the provincial Murom Principality.

Moscow Capital city of Russia

Moscow is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits, 17 million within the urban area and 20 million within the metropolitan area. Moscow is one of Russia's federal cities.

Contents

History

According to the genealogical legend, the Izmaylovs of Ryazan are descended from Ivan Ivanovich Shain (Shalin), a voivode from Chernigov, who supposedly moved to Ryazan in the 13th —14th centuries. [1] . G.F. Miller attributed them to Tatar Muslim origins [2] . One more version suggests that Ivan Shain could be an illegitimate offspring of one of the Ryazanian princes [3] . The family name, Izmaylov, is claimed to Ivan Shain's grandson, Izmail [1] .

Voivode, Vojvoda or Wojewoda is a Slavic term for a military commander in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe during the Early Middle Ages, or a governor of a territorial voivodeship.

Principality of Chernigov former country

The Principality of Chernigov was one of the largest states within Kievan Rus'. For a time the principality was the second most important after Kiev.

The Reference Book of Mestnichestvo by Yu.V. Tatischev gives an alternative genealogy for the Izmaylovs claimed by their rivals. According to it, Izmaylov's progenitor was a priest named Izmail who came together with a family named Schoyn (Щойн) from Chernigov to the court of Oleg II of Ryazan [4] .

Mestnichestvo

In Russian history, Mestnichestvo was a feudal hierarchical system in Russia from the 15th to 17th centuries. Mestnichestvo was a complicated system of seniority which dictated which government posts a boyar could occupy. It was based on the individual's seniority within an extended Russian aristocratic family on the one hand, and on the order of precedence of the families, on the other. The hierarchy of families was calculated based on the historical records of senior appointments, going back to 1475. For example, the Odoevskys clan was ranked higher than the Buturlins, but a senior Buturlin could be appointed to a position equivalent to that occupied by a junior member of the Odoevsky family. The mestnichestvo seniority system was most visibly represented in the order of seating of the boyars at the tsar's table. The clans jealously guarded their status. This often led to bitter disputes and physical violence among nobles about their ancestry and their services to the monarch. According to eminent Russian 19th-century historian Vasily Klyuchevsky, "you could beat a boyar up, you could take away his property, you could expel him from government service, but you could never make him accept an appointment or a seat at the tsar's table lower than what he is entitled to."

Oleg II Ivanovich was Prince of Ryazan and Grand Prince of Ryazan from 1350 to 1402.

Izmail's son, Shaban, served as falconer at the Ryazanian court, while his son, Ivan Inka Izmaylov, was created boyar. In 1492 Ivan Inka Izmaylov was the commander of the Ryazanian troops under the Grand Duke of Ryazan Ivan Ivanovich.

Grand Prince Ivan V of Ryazan was the last nominally independent ruler of Ryazan Principality. Ivan V of Ryazan was the only son of Prince Ivan Vasilievich and his wife, Agrippina (Agrafena) Vasilyevna, Princess Babich-Drutskaya.

His descendant, Mikhail Nikitich Izmaylov, was the ambassador of Moscow Duke Vasily III to Crimea in 1520. His brother, Jacob, was the viceroy in Ryazan, while Pyotr was a voivode at Dedilov and Mikhailov. Andrey Yakovlevich Izmaylov was a voivode under Ivan the Terrible.

Vasili III of Russia Grand Prince of Moscow from 1505 to 1533

Vasili III Ivanovich was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1505 to 1533. He was the son of Ivan III Vasiliyevich and Sophia Paleologue and was christened with the name Gavriil (Гавриил). He had three brothers: Yuri, born in 1480, Simeon, born in 1487 and Andrei, born in 1490, as well as five sisters: Elena, Feodosiya, another Elena, another Feodosiya and Eudoxia. He is sometimes mockingly referred to as Vasili the Adequate due to his rule taking place between those of Ivan the Great and Ivan the Terrible, as well as the relative uneventfulness of his reign.

Crimea Peninsula in the Black Sea

Crimea is a peninsula on the northern coast of the Black Sea in Eastern Europe that is almost completely surrounded by both the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov to the northeast. It is located south of the Ukrainian region of Kherson, to which it is connected by the Isthmus of Perekop, and west of the Russian region of Kuban, from which it is separated by the Strait of Kerch though linked by the Crimean Bridge. The Arabat Spit is located to the northeast, a narrow strip of land that separates a system of lagoons named Sivash from the Sea of Azov. Across the Black Sea to its west is Romania and to its south Turkey.

A viceroy is an official who runs a country, colony, city, province, or sub-national state, in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory. The term derives from the Latin prefix vice-, meaning "in the place of" and the French word roy, meaning "king". A viceroy's territory may be called a viceroyalty, though this term is not always applied. The adjective form is viceregal, less often viceroyal. The term vicereine is sometimes used to indicate a female viceroy suo jure, although viceroy can serve as a gender-neutral term. Vicereine is more commonly used to indicate a viceroy's wife.

Despite being one of the most powerful families in Ryazan, the Izmaylovs, as most Ryazanian boyar families, failed to establish a similar standing under the rule of Moscow. They were not listed in the Tsar's genealogical books, as was needed to claim offices and ranks under the Moscow peerage. During the 16th — 17th centuries the Izmaylovs continued to be appointed voivodes at Ryazanian cities.

Tsardom of Russia former country  (1547-1721)

The Tsardom of Russia, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth called the Russian state Tsardom of Muscovy, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of Tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721.

Despite struggling to establish themselves at the Moscow royal court, the Izmaylovs managed to maintain relatively high standing in the 18th century. Some members of the family supported Peter III, but later betrayed him.

They had intermarried with the prominent Russian princely families. The family occupied highest ranks in Russia, were generals, governors and commanders.

Some estates

Princess Evdokia Golitzine (nee Izmaylova) 18306889 Avdotya Golicuyna.jpg
Princess Evdokia Golitzine (nee Izmaylova)

The Izmaylovs of Tver

There is one more Izmaylov noble family in Russia. This family is descended from a Lithuanian Mark Demidovich who came to the Duke of Tver Ivan Michailovich in the 15th century. This family is listed in the part 6 of the genealogical book of Tver.

The Izmaylovo estate

It is still argued whether the Izmaylovo in the current city of Moscow actually belonged to the Ryazanian Izmaylovs. Some researchers claim that this estate was founded by a different noble family of Lithuanian origins that had the same last name. The Lithuanian Izmaylovs settled in Tver and belonged to the Tver boyars.

Notable members

General Mikhail Izmaylov M.P. Izmaylov.jpg
General Mikhail Izmaylov

Related Research Articles

Vladimir-Suzdal former country

Vladimir-Suzdal, also Vladimir-Suzdalian Rus' formally known as the Grand Duchy of Vladimir (1157–1331), was one of the major principalities that succeeded Kievan Rus' in the late 12th century, centered in Vladimir-on-Klyazma. With time the principality grew into a grand duchy divided into several smaller principalities. After being conquered by the Mongol Empire, the principality became a self-governed state headed by its own nobility. A governorship of principality, however, was prescribed by a Khan declaration (jarlig) issued from the Golden Horde to a noble family of any of smaller principalities.

The Belsky or Belski family was a princely family of Gediminid origin in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It later deflected to the Grand Duchy of Moscow and played a key role during the regency of Ivan IV of Russia. The family started with Ivan Vladimirovich, son of Vladimir Olgerdovich and grandson of Algirdas, and ended with Ivan Dmitrievich Belsky in 1571. The Belsky name was derived from their principal possession of Bely, Tver Oblast.

Buturlin was a Russian noble family. Notable members of the family include:

Repnin

Repnin, the name of an old Russian princely family of Rurikid stock. The family traces its name to Prince Ivan Mikhailovich Obolensky (+1523), nicknamed Repnya, i.e., "bad porridge". Like other Princes Obolensky, he descended from Mikhail Vsevolodovich, prince of Chernigov, who, in 1246, was assassinated by the Mongols.

Grand Duchy of Moscow country which existed in 1283–1547

The Grand Duchy of Moscow, Muscovite Rus' or Grand Principality of Moscow was a Rus' principality of the Late Middle Ages centered around Moscow, and the predecessor state of the Tsardom of Russia in the early modern period.

The Glinski rebellion was a revolt in 1508 in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania by a group of aristocrats led by Prince Mikhail Glinski in 1508. It grew out of a rivalry between two factions of the nobility during the final years of Grand Duke Alexander Jagiellon. The revolt began when Sigismund I, the new Grand Duke, decided to strip Glinski of his posts based on rumors spread by Jan Zabrzeziński, Glinski's personal enemy. After failing to settle the dispute at the royal court, Glinski and his supporters rose up in arms. The rebels swore allegiance to Vasili III of Russia, who was waging war against Lithuania.

The Kobuzev family is an ancient Russian noble family descended from boyar scions. The Kobuzev family was listed in the part 6 of the genealogical book of Ryazan, and the parts 2 of the genealogical books of Tver, Saratov and Tambov.

Boyar scions were a rank of Russian gentry that existed from the late 1300s through the 1600s. In the late 1700s—early 1800s descendants of the boyar scions who failed to prove nobility or regain it through the Table of Ranks were enrolled within the social group named odnodvortsy.

Odoyev Urban-type settlement in Tula Oblast, Russia

Odoyev is an urban settlement since 1959, in the west of Tula Oblast, Russia, the administrative center of Odoyevsky District. It sits on the left bank of the Upa river, a right-hand tributary of the Oka river, 75 km away from Tula. Odoyev had the status of town prior to 1926.

Odoyevsky family

The House of Odoyev was a princely Rurikid family descended from the sovereign Princes / Dukes of Odoyev and Novosil. Their ancestors were the Upper Oka sovereigns who ruled the tiny Principality of Odoyev until 1494. In the following decade the family was absorbed into the ranks of Muscovite boyars. The Odoyevsky family died out in the mid-19th century. The family was listed in the 5th part of the dvoryanstvo registers of the Moscow and Vladimir regions.

Grand Duke Ivan IV of Ryazan was the ruler of the Grand Duchy of Ryazan (1483–1500). He was the elder son of Grand Duke Vasily Ivanovich of Ryazan and Grand Duchess of Ryazan Anna Vasilyevna, younger sister of Ivan III of Moscow. He had a younger brother, Prince Fyodor Vasilyevich, with whom he shared domains in the Duchy of Ryazan.

Birkin family (Russian nobility) Russian noble family originating with Ryazanian boyar scions

The Birkin family is a Russian noble family originating with Ryazanian boyar scions. The Birkins were listed in the Velvet Book and the Part 6 of the Ryazanian genealogical book.

Lyapunov family Russian noble family

The Lyapunov family is a Russian noble family claiming descent from the Galich Rurikids, who lost their princely title in the 15th century. The family later served the archbishop of Veliky Novgorod, and subsequently integrated into the Ryazanian nobility.

Rzhevsky family

The Rzhevsky family is a Russian noble family descended from Smolensk Rurikids.

Tatischev family Russian noble family traditionally believed to be descended from the Princes of Solomerech

The Tatischevs is a Russian noble family traditionally believed to be descended from the Princes of Solomerech of the Smolensk Rurikids. This version of the Tatischev family's genealogy had made it to the Velvet Book. A cadet branch of the family bears the title of counts. The Tatischevs are listed in the Parts 5 and 6 of the genealogical books of Moscow, Tver, Tula, Kostroma, Penza and Saint-Petersburg governorates. From the four lineages of the family, the cadet one was granted the title of counts in 1801.

Miloslavsky family was a Russian noble family. The Miloslavskys are mostly known for Maria Miloskavskaya who married Tsar Alexey Romanov.

Kropotkin family

Princes Kropotkin is an ancient Russian noble family of Rurik stock descending from Prince Dmitry Vasilyevich nicknamed Kropotka, a nephew of the last Grand Duke of Smolensk, Yuri Svyatoslavich. Princes Kropotkin are listed in the 5th part of the Kazan, Kaluga, Mogilyov, Moscow, Ryazan, Saint-Petersburg and Tula genealogical books and 2nd part of the Moscow genealogical book.

Verderevsky

Verderevsky is a Russian noble family from prominent boyars of the Duchy of Ryazan. The Verderevskys are listed in the 6th part of the Ryazanian genealogical book. The Verderevskys were the largest landlords in the Duchy of Ryazan: in the 16th-17th centuries they owned at least 30 allods and about 40 fiefs. Today, descendants of the family live in Russia, Canada and France.

References

  1. 1 2 Зимин А. А. Формирование боярской аристократии в России. М., Наука, 1988. С. 267-8
  2. Миллер Ф.И. Известия о дворянах российских. СПб. 1790г. стр. 406.
  3. Богуславский В. В. Славянская энциклопедия. Т. 1. М., 2003. С. 500.
  4. Татищев Ю.В. Местнический справочник XVII века. М., 1910. С. 59.
  5. Бантыш-Каменский Д.Н. Словарь достопамятных людей Русской земли: содержащий в себѣ жизнь и дѣяния ...Часть II. М., 1836.С. 417.