Humbug (magazine)

Last updated
Humbug
Humbug issue 2 cover.jpg
Cover illustration by Jack Davis for Humbug #2 (September 1957)
Editor Harvey Kurtzman
Categories Satirical magazine
FrequencyMonthly
PublisherHumbug, Inc.
First issueAugust 1957
Final issue1958
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
In the first issue of Humbug (August 1957), Jack Davis illustrated Harvey Kurtzman's parody of Elia Kazan's film of Tennessee Williams' Baby Doll (1956). Here is a page from "Doll-Baby" with Davis' caricatures of Karl Malden, Carroll Baker and Eli Wallach. The similarity to an animation walking cycle prompts appearances by animated cartoon characters--Goofy, Farmer Al Falfa and Felix the Cat. Dollbaby.jpg
In the first issue of Humbug (August 1957), Jack Davis illustrated Harvey Kurtzman's parody of Elia Kazan's film of Tennessee Williams' Baby Doll (1956). Here is a page from "Doll-Baby" with Davis' caricatures of Karl Malden, Carroll Baker and Eli Wallach. The similarity to an animation walking cycle prompts appearances by animated cartoon characters—Goofy, Farmer Al Falfa and Felix the Cat.

Humbug is a humor magazine published from 1957 to 1958. Edited by Harvey Kurtzman, the magazine took satirical jabs at movies, television, advertising and various artifacts of popular culture, from cereal boxes to fashion photographs. [1] Nine of the eleven issues were published in a black-and-white comic book-sized format.

Contents

With fatally accurate irony, Kurtzman delivered his declaration of editorial principles in the first issue:

"We won't write for morons. We won't do anything just to get laughs. We won't be dirty. We won't be grotesque. We won't be in bad taste. We won't sell magazines."

Several of the project's contributing artists had previously worked with Kurtzman when he was the editor of Mad, including Wallace Wood, Jack Davis, Al Jaffee and Will Elder. The 32-page first issue (August 1957) featured a front cover by Elder (with the announcement "The End of the World Is Coming" inside a border design depicting contemporary life). [2] Interior artwork was by Elder, Kurtzman, Wood, Davis, Jaffee and Arnold Roth. Outside writer contributions included a piece by the novelist and screenwriter Ira Wallach. Elder illustrated Kurtzman's satire of television's rigged Twenty One quiz show, and Davis spoofed the Elia Kazan film of Tennessee Williams' Baby Doll (1956). The second issue expanded from 32 pages to 48 pages.

Later issues included text pieces by Larry Siegel, who would soon move on to a 32-year stint with Mad. Al Jaffee returned to Mad in the same issue as Siegel's debut, and remained with the magazine for more than half a century until he retired at age 99. Wally Wood was the only artist to work simultaneously for Mad and Kurtzman's post-Mad projects; after Humbug folded, Wood was a Mad regular until 1964. It took Jack Davis seven years to return to Mad; the artist's second run at Mad lasted from 1965 to 1996.

Overview

Humbug was made up of humorous, satirical comics and prose pieces. [3] It was published in a comic book format in black-and-white with a second color, and sold for 15 cents at a time when most comic books were in full color for 10 cents. [4]

In comparison to Mad or Trump, Humbug was more political, and had more of the feel of a college humor magazine. [3]

History

...we all somehow talked ourselves into a very foolish thing, which was an artists' magazine...All of us chipped in money, and we went into the publishing business, which artists should never, never do, for the simple reason that they lose sight of the practical considerations of business survival. Art becomes everything and the marketplace becomes secondary.

--Kurtzman, in interview [5]

After the cancellation of Trump , a heartbroken Harvey Kurtzman set his sights on a new humor magazine project. Humbug, Inc. was started with $6,500 pooled together from the pockets of Kurtzman, Arnold Roth, Al Jaffee, Will Elder and Harry Chester. [lower-alpha 1] Though the partners contributed different levels of capital, they were all given equal weight in the company. Even so, it was clear that Kurtzman led the operation. [4]

Jack Davis, a regular contributor to Mad and Trump, was also a major contributor to Humbug, but decided not to become a financial partner. He continued to draw a paycheck for his work as the founders found themselves deeper in the red. [4]

Size matters

Although Humbug offered the same type of superior satires Kurtzman had previously presented in Mad and Trump , the small size was a genuine problem. It sometimes was the smallest publication in magazine racks, with the result that it was often hidden behind larger magazines. Despite a change to a larger magazine format with the tenth issue, it ceased publication with issue #11. Many contributors to Humbug were also the project's financial supporters, but their investments were lost when the magazine folded because of poor distribution. Kurtzman closed up shop with the following editorial in the magazine's last issue:

Man—We're Beat! Satire has got us beat. 1953—We started Mad magazine for a comic-book publisher and we did some pretty good satire and it sold very well. 1956—We started Trump magazine ... and we worked much harder and we did much better satire and we sold much worse. 1957—We started Humbug magazine and we worked hardest of all and turned out the very best satire of all, which of course now sells the very worst of all. And now ... as they throw rocks at Vice President Nixon ... as space gets cluttered with missiles ... and as our names are carefully removed from our work in Mad pocketbooks—a feeling of beatness creeps through our satirical veins and capillaries and we think how George S. Kaufman once said, "Satire is something that closes Saturday night."

Publication history

Issues of Humbug
No.YearMonthNote
11957August [4]
2September [6]
3October [7]
4November [7]
5December [8]
61958January [9]
7February [9]
8April [3]
9May [10]
10June [10] Switch to magazine format [10]
11October [10] expanded from 32 to 48 pages [10]

Some material from the magazine was collected in the paperback, The Humbug Digest (Ballantine Books).

A complete Humbug collection of all 11 issues was reprinted February 2008 in a two-volume slipcased edition by Fantagraphics Books. It includes annotations by John Benson, a lengthy 2005 interview with Arnold Roth and Al Jaffee, plus a four-page explanation of exactly how restoration of the magazine was accomplished by Fantagraphics.

Reception and legacy

Hugh Hefner, who had published Trump, provided "those strange ones" at Humbug a nine-page feature in Playboy's December 1957 issue. [10]

Underground cartoonist Robert Crumb said that the elaborate Davis–Elder cover to the second issue of Humbug "changed his life". [6] In 1958 Crumb and his brother Charles self-published three issues of Foo in imitation of Humbug and Mad. [11] Crumb paid homage to Humbug's detailed cover borders on every cover of his magazine Weirdo from the 1980s.

To Diana Green, the humor in Humbug suffered from a topicality "inherent in satire" that lost its bite when read out of its own time and context. [12]

Notes

  1. The pool broke down as follows: [4]
    • $2,500 from Roth
    • $1,500 from Jaffee
    • $1,000 from Elder
    • $1,000 from Kurtzman
    • $500 from Chester

Related Research Articles

<i>Mad</i> (magazine) American comic and satirical magazine

Mad is an American humor magazine first published in 1952. It was founded by editor Harvey Kurtzman and publisher William Gaines, launched as a comic book series before it became a magazine. It was widely imitated and influential, affecting satirical media, as well as the cultural landscape of the 20th century, with editor Al Feldstein increasing readership to more than two million during its 1973–74 circulation peak.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Crumb</span> American illustrator and cartoonist (b. 1943)

Robert Dennis Crumb is an American cartoonist and musician who often signs his work R. Crumb. His work displays a nostalgia for American folk culture of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and satire of contemporary American culture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Al Jaffee</span> American cartoonist

Allan Jaffee is an American cartoonist. He is notable for his work in the satirical magazine Mad, including his trademark feature, the Mad Fold-in. Jaffee was a regular contributor to the magazine for 65 years and is its longest-running contributor. In a 2010 interview, Jaffee said, "Serious people my age are dead."

<i>Trump</i> (magazine)

Trump was a glossy magazine of satire and humor, mostly in the forms of comics features and short stories. It was edited by Harvey Kurtzman and published by Hugh Hefner, with only two issues produced in 1957. The first issue appeared in January 1957. The magazine's mascot was a trumpeter herald in the style of John Tenniel's Alice in Wonderland illustrations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harvey Kurtzman</span> American cartoonist

Harvey Kurtzman was an American cartoonist and editor. His best-known work includes writing and editing the parodic comic book Mad from 1952 until 1956, and writing the Little Annie Fanny strips in Playboy from 1962 until 1988. His work is noted for its satire and parody of popular culture, social critique, and attention to detail. Kurtzman's working method has been likened to that of an auteur, and he expected those who illustrated his stories to follow his layouts strictly.

<i>Weirdo</i> (comics) Magazine-sized comics anthology created by Robert Crumb

Weirdo was a magazine-sized comics anthology created by Robert Crumb and published by Last Gasp from 1981 to 1993. Featuring cartoonists both new and old, Weirdo served as a "low art" counterpoint to its contemporary highbrow Raw, co-edited by Art Spiegelman.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Severin</span> American cartoonist

John Powers Severin was an American comics artist noted for his distinctive work with EC Comics, primarily on the war comics Two-Fisted Tales and Frontline Combat; for Marvel Comics, especially its war and Western comics; and for his 45-year stint with the satiric magazine Cracked. He was one of the founding cartoonists of Mad in 1952.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Will Elder</span> American illustrator

William Elder was an American illustrator and comic book artist who worked in numerous areas of commercial art but is best known for a frantically funny cartoon style that helped launch Harvey Kurtzman's Mad comic book in 1952.

<i>Little Annie Fanny</i> Comic by Harvey Kurtzman published in Playboy magazine

Little Annie Fanny is a comics series by Harvey Kurtzman and Will Elder. It appeared in 107 two- to seven-page episodes in Playboy magazine from October 1962 to September 1988. Little Annie Fanny is a humorous satire of contemporary American society and its sexual mores. Annie Fanny, the title character, is a statuesque, buxom young blonde woman who innocently finds herself nude in every episode. The series is notable for its painted, luminous color artwork and for being the first full-scale, multi-page comics feature in a major American publication.

<i>Help!</i> (magazine)

Help! was an American satire magazine that was published by James Warren from 1960 to 1965. It was Harvey Kurtzman's longest-running magazine project after leaving Mad and EC Publications, and during its five years of operation it was chronically underfunded, yet innovative.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arnold Roth</span> American cartoonist, born 1929

Arnold Roth is an American cartoonist and illustrator for advertisements, album covers, books, magazines, and newspapers. Novelist John Updike wrote, "All cartoonists are geniuses, but Arnold Roth is especially so."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jay Lynch</span> American cartoonist

Jay Patrick Lynch was an American cartoonist who played a key role in the underground comix movement with his Bijou Funnies and other titles. He is best known for his comic strip Nard n' Pat and the running gag Um tut sut. His work is sometimes signed Jayzey Lynch. Lynch was the main writer for Bazooka Joe comics from 1967 to 1990; he contributed to Mad, and in the 2000s expanded into the children's book field.

<i>Panic</i> (comics)

Panic was a bi-monthly humor comic that was published by Bill Gaines' EC Comics line during the mid-1950s as a companion to Harvey Kurtzman's Mad, which was being heavily imitated by other comic publishers.

William Carl Schelly was an Eisner Award-winning author who chronicled the history of comic books and comic book fandom, and wrote biographies of comic book creators, including Otto Binder, L.B. Cole, Joe Kubert, Harvey Kurtzman, John Stanley, and James Warren as well as silent film comedian Harry Langdon.

Debuting in August 1952, Mad began as a comic book, part of the EC line published from offices on Lafayette Street in Lower Manhattan. In 1961 Mad moved its offices to mid-town Manhattan, and from 1996 onwards it was located at 1700 Broadway until 2018 when it moved to Los Angeles, California to coincide with a new editor and a reboot to issue #1.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gary Groth</span> American comic book editor, publisher and critic

Gary Groth is an American comic book editor, publisher and critic. He is editor-in-chief of The Comics Journal, a co-founder of Fantagraphics Books, and founder of the Harvey Awards.

<i>Harvey Kurtzmans Jungle Book</i> 1959 satirical graphic novel

Harvey Kurtzman's Jungle Book is a graphic novel by American cartoonist Harvey Kurtzman, published in 1959. Kurtzman aimed it at an adult audience, in contrast to his earlier work for adolescents in periodicals such as Mad. The social satire in the book's four stories targets Peter Gunn-style private-detective shows, Westerns such as Gunsmoke, capitalist avarice in the publishing industry, Freudian pop psychology, and lynch-hungry yokels in the South. Kurtzman's character Goodman Beaver makes his first appearance in one of the stories.

Hey Look! is a series of one-page comic book fillers by American cartoonist Harvey Kurtzman, produced between 1946 and 1949 for Timely Comics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Goodman Beaver</span> Fictional character created by Harvey Kurtzman

Goodman Beaver is a fictional character who appears in comics created by American cartoonist Harvey Kurtzman. Goodman is a naive and optimistic Candide-like character, oblivious to the corruption and degeneration around him, and whose stories were vehicles for social satire and pop culture parody. Except for the character's first appearance, which Kurtzman did alone, the stories were written by Kurtzman and drawn by Will Elder.

Harvey Kurtzmans editorship of <i>Mad</i>

American cartoonist Harvey Kurtzman was the founding editor and primary writer for the humor periodical Mad from its founding in 1952 until its 28th issue in 1956. Featuring pop-culture parodies and social satire, what began as a color comic book became a black-and-white magazine with its 24th issue.

References

  1. John Mcalley (9 April 2009). "'Humbug,' Restoring Comedy's Missing Link". NPR. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
  2. Schelly, William (2013). American Comic Book Chronicles: The 1950s. TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 166. ISBN   9781605490540.
  3. 1 2 3 Kitchen & Buhle 2009, p. 130.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Kitchen & Buhle 2009, p. 125.
  5. Benson & Groth 2009, p. viii.
  6. 1 2 Kitchen & Buhle 2009, p. 126.
  7. 1 2 Kitchen & Buhle 2009, p. 127.
  8. Kitchen & Buhle 2009, p. 128.
  9. 1 2 Kitchen & Buhle 2009, p. 129.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Kitchen & Buhle 2009, p. 131.
  11. Maremaa 2004, p. 29.
  12. Green 2010, p. 548.

Works cited