IAADS World Athletics Championships

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The IAADS World Athletics Championships is an annual global athletics competition for athletes with Down syndrome, organised by the International Athletics Association for Persons with Down Syndrome (IAADS).

Sport of athletics Sports involving running, jumping, throwing, and walking

Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking. The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, and race walking.

Down syndrome chromosomal condition characterized by flat-looking facial features and weak muscle tone (hypotonia) in infancy and is caused by trisomy of all or a critical portion of chromosome 21 and is associated with intellectual disability

Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is usually associated with physical growth delays, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and characteristic facial features. The average IQ of a young adult with Down syndrome is 50, equivalent to the mental ability of an 8- or 9-year-old child, but this can vary widely.

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The competition was established in 2010, two years after the founding of the international body. [1] It was created to enable athletes with Down's syndrome to compete for world titles in track and field, following the exclusion of intellectual disability categories by the International Paralympic Committee. Though learning disability events were restored at the Summer Paralympic Games, there was no category specifically for Down's syndrome – this effectively excluded the athletes, who were forced to compete against other intellectually disabled athletes who did not have the physical impairments that are typical of the condition. [2] [3] [4]

Track and field Sport involving running, jumping and throwing disciplines

Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing. The name is derived from where the sport takes place, a running track and a grass field for the throwing and some of the jumping events. Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running, and race walking.

Intellectual disability Generalized neurodevelopmental disorder

Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability and mental retardation (MR), is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning. It is defined by an IQ under 70, in addition to deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors that affect everyday, general living.

International Paralympic Committee global governing body for the paralympic movement

The International Paralympic Committee is an international non-profit organisation and the global governing body for the Paralympic Movement. The IPC organizes the Paralympic Games and functions as the international federation for nine sports. Founded on 22 September 1989 in Düsseldorf, Germany, its mission is to "enable Paralympic athletes to achieve sporting excellence and inspire and excite the world". Furthermore, the IPC wants to promote the Paralympic values and to create sport opportunities for all persons with a disability, from beginner to elite level.

The global competition was complemented by the regional IAADS European Athletics Championships from 2011 onwards. [5]

Editions

#YearCountryCity
1 2010 [6] Mexico Puerto Vallarta
2 2012 [7] Portugal Azores
3 2014 [8] South Africa Bloemfontein
4 2016 [9] Italy Florence
5 2018 [10] Portugal Funchal

See also

Related Research Articles

Disabled sports sports practiced by disabled people

Disabled sports, also adaptive sports or parasports, are sports played by people with a disability, including physical and intellectual disabilities. As many disabled sports are based on existing able bodied sports, modified to meet the needs of persons with a disability, they are sometimes referred to as adapted sports. However, not all disabled sports are adapted; several sports that have been specifically created for persons with a disability have no equivalent in non-disabled sports. Disability exists in four categories: physical, mental, permanent and temporary.

Paralympic Games Major international sport event for people with disabilities

The Paralympic Games or Paralympics are a periodic series of international multi-sport events involving athletes with a range of disabilities, including impaired muscle power, impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency, leg length difference, short stature, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, vision impairment and intellectual impairment. There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games, which since the 1988 Summer Games in Seoul, South Korea, are held almost immediately following the respective Olympic Games. All Paralympic Games are governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC).

Paralympic sports

The Paralympic sports comprise all the sports contested in the Summer and Winter Paralympic Games. As of 2016, the Summer Paralympics included 22 sports and 526 medal events, and the Winter Paralympics include 5 sports and disciplines and about 72 events. The number and kinds of events may change from one Paralympic Games to another.

Paralympic athletics paralympic sport

Paralympic athletics is a disabled sport practiced by athletes with a physical disability who have competed at separate international events since 1952. It is governed by the International Paralympic Committee through its World Para Athletics subcommittee, and has been one of the sports at the Summer Paralympic Games since 1960.

Winter Paralympic Games international multi-sport event where athletes with physical disabilities compete in snow & ice sports

The Winter Paralympic Games is an international multi-sport event where athletes with physical disabilities compete in snow and ice sports. This includes athletes with mobility disabilities, amputations, blindness, and cerebral palsy. The Winter Paralympic Games are held every four years directly following the Winter Olympic Games. The Winter Paralympics are also hosted by the city that hosted the Winter Olympics. The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) oversees the Winter Paralympics. Medals are awarded in each event: with gold medals for first place, silver for second and bronze for third, following the tradition that the Olympic Games started in 1904.

International Sports Federation for Persons with Intellectual Disability Global sports organising representing athletes with intellectual impairments at a high performance level.

INAS was established in 1986 by professionals in the Netherlands who were involved in sport and wanted to promote the participation of athletes with mental handicap in elite sport. The organisations brand name is the International Federation for Intellectual Impairment Sport, promoting sport worldwide for athletes with an Intellectual Disability, Autism and Down's Syndrome.

T20 (classification)

T20 is a disability sport classification for disability athletics in track and jump events. It broadly covers athletes with intellectual disabilities.

T38 and CP8 are disability sport classification for disability athletics intended for people with cerebral palsy. It includes people who have coordination impairments such as hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis. Runners in this class may appear to have a slight limp when they are running but otherwise have a stride similar to able-bodied runners. Events for this class include 100 meters, 400 meters, 1,500 meters, and the long jump.

T35 is a disability sport classification for disability athletics' running competitions. It includes people who have coordination impairments such as hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis. This includes people with cerebral palsy. The classification is used at the Paralympic Games. The corresponding F35 classification includes club and discus throw, shot put, and javelin.

T40 is disability sport classification for disability athletics, specifically athletes of short stature. Male athletes under 130 cm and female athletes under 125 cm can compete in this category.

Disability sports classification is a system that allows for fair competition between people with different types of disabilities. Historically, the process has been by two groups: specific disability type sport organizations that cover multiple sports, and specific sport organizations that cover multiple disability types including amputations, cerebral palsy, deafness, intellectual impairments, les autres and short stature, vision impairments, spinal cord injuries, and other disabilities not covered by these groups. Within specific disability types, some of the major organizations have been CPISRA has for cerebral palsy and head injuries, ISMWSF for spinal cord injuries, ISOD for orthopaedic conditions and amputees, INAS for people with intellectual disabilities, and IBSA for blind and vision impaired athletes.

The World Para Athletics European Championships, known prior to 2018 as the IPC Athletics European Championships is an event organized by World Para Athletics, the international athletics federation established under the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) in 2016. Athletes with a physical disability compete, and there is also a specific category for athletes with an intellectual disability. Organised biennially, the original Games ran from 2003-2005 as an Open Championship but the event was frozen in 2005, but returned in 2012 in Stadskanaal, Netherlands.

United Arab Emirates at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

The United Arab Emirates is planning to send athletes to the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 7 September to 18 September 2016.

Belarus at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Belarus competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 7 to 18 September 2016. They delegated 20 athletes to the Summer Paralympics. They competed in athletics, judo, rowing, swimming and wheelchair fencing.

Singapore at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Singapore competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 7 September to 18 September 2016.

Kenya at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Kenya competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 7 September to 18 September 2016.

Les Autres sport classification is system used in disability sport for people with locomotor disabilities not included in other classification systems for people with physical disabilities. The purpose of this system is to facilitate fair competition between people with different types of disabilities, and to give credibility to disability sports. It was designed and managed by International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD) until the 2005 merger with IWAS, when management switched to that organization. Classification is handled on the national level by relevant sport organizations.

Intellectual disability sport classification is a classification system used for disability sport that allows people with intellectual disabilities to fairly compete with and against other people with intellectual disabilities. Separate classification systems exist for the elite athlete with a disability side affiliated with the Paralympic movement and International Sports Federation for Persons with Intellectual Disability (INAS), and the sports for all model affiliated with Special Olympics. People with intellectual disabilities have issues with conceptual skills, social skills and practical skills. They have IQs lower than 75 points and their disability manifested and was documented prior to turning 18 years of age.

Fiji at the 2016 Summer Paralympics

Fiji competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 7 September to 18 September 2016.

References

  1. ↑ Sports. Sports Union for athletes with Down Syndrome. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  2. ↑ People with Down’s syndrome are being let down by the Paralympics. Scotsman (2016-11-23). Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  3. ↑ Mission. IAADS. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  4. ↑ Elise Lantz & Anne Marcellini (2018). Sports games for people with intellectual disabilities. Institutional analysis of an unusual international configuration, Sport in Society, 21:4, 635-648, DOI: 10.1080/17430437.2016.1273612.
  5. ↑ Events. IAADS. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  6. ↑ 1st IAADS World Championships. IAADS. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  7. ↑ 2nd IAADS World Championships. IAADS. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  8. ↑ 3rd IAADS World Athletics Championships. IAADS. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  9. ↑ 4th IAADS World Athletics Championships. IAADS. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  10. ↑ IAADS Down Syndrome World Athletics Championships. IAADS. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
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