Imaginary Worlds: The Art of Fantasy

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Imaginary Worlds: the Art of Fantasy
Imaginary Worlds.jpg
Cover of the first edition
Author Lin Carter
Cover artist Gervasio Gallardo
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Series Ballantine Adult Fantasy series
Publisher Ballantine Books
Publication date
1973
Pages278
ISBN 0-345-03309-4
Preceded by Lovecraft: A Look Behind the "Cthulhu Mythos"  

Imaginary Worlds: the Art of Fantasy is a study of the modern literary fantasy genre written by Lin Carter. It was first published in paperback by Ballantine Books in June, 1973 [1] as the fifty-eighth volume of its Ballantine Adult Fantasy series ; it was the only nonfiction entry in the series. The book was among the earliest full-length critical works devoted to fantasy writers and the history of fantasy. It was the third of three such studies by Carter, being preceded by Tolkien: A Look Behind "The Lord of the Rings" (1969) and Lovecraft: A Look Behind the "Cthulhu Mythos" (1972). These works, together with his editorial guidance of the Ballantine Adult Fantasy series, established Carter as an authority on the genre.

Contents

Summary

Carter's study was intended to serve as an introduction to fantasy. The first eight chapters detail the history of the modern genre from the late nineteenth century through the early 1970s, when Carter was writing, a subject he had previously covered more briefly in Tolkien: A Look Behind "The Lord of the Rings". Its origins are discovered in the novels of William Morris, and followed through the writings of Lord Dunsany, E. R. Eddison and James Branch Cabell. Separate attention is then devoted to the subsequent development of fantasy in America and Britain, focusing on the pulp magazine tradition in the former and the continuing dominance of the more literary tradition in the latter. The work of contemporary fantasists is then detailed. Three additional chapters form a sort of "how to" course on the writing of fantasy, illustrated with examples from Carter's own writings. (Some of these, like The White Throne and Khymyrium, bear the peculiar interest of being works in progress or projected that in the event were never published in complete form.) Bibliographies of general references and the Ballantine Adult Fantasy series complete the study.

Contents

  1. From Uruk to Utterbol: William Morris and the First Fantasy Novels
  2. The World’s Edge, and Beyond: The Fiction of Dunsany, Eddison, and Cabell
  3. Lost Cities, Forgotten Ages: The Rise of Fantasy in the American Pulp Magazines
  4. The Mathematics of magic: Imaginary Worlds Fantasy in Unknown
  5. From The Night Land to Narnia: The Road to The Lord of the Rings
  6. The Inklings Produce a Classic: The Achievement of Tolkien and His Influence
  7. Post-Howardian Heroica: The Swordsman and Sorcerers’ Guild of America, Ltd
  8. The Young Magicians: Some Modern Masters of Fantasy
  9. Of World-Making: Some Problems of the Invented Milieu
  10. A Local Habitation and a Name: Some Observations on Neocogomina
  11. The Tricks of the Trade: Some Advanced Techniques of World-Making

Reception

The fanzine Amra praises the work as "a comprehensive how-to-do-it book on the writing of fantasy with ... intensive coverage of ... Heroic Fantasy. Well worth reading, even though you may disagree with some of [Carter's] opinions. Includes an extensive but incomplete (all such lists are incomplete) reading list." [2]

In a comprehensive discussion of the book, Fritz Leiber focuses on it as a pioneering study of the whole fantasy fiction genre, observing "[a]t last other critics [will] have something to add to or disagree with." He writes "[i]t doesn't have to be more than a reasonably adequate job and cover most of the territory, though this book is and does." While conceding that "[i]t can't be the Last word, if only because it's the first," he asserts "[p]eople [will] wonder how they ever got along without it." Of the style, he states "Carter writes in a free and easy, bumptious way, discussing his own fiction, written and unwritten, casually scoring points against Tolkien as well as for [him], thumbnail-sketching plots and doing other breezy things calculated to make more portentous critics register shock. Myself, I like it." [3]

Cy Chauvin in Amazing Science Fiction calls the book "a fairly in-depth survey," and its final three chapters on tricks of the trade "especially important to the fantasy writer." He notes "it's a very easy and enjoyable book to read," though "not an academic [or] critical work," and criticizes the "excessive (and wholly unnecessary ...) number of footnotes, which might make [it] look very scholarly ... to the casual newsstand browser." While feeling "Carter does have his faults and idiosyncrasies," Chauvin states that "[s]till, within its limits Imaginary Worlds is an excellent book, and I can't imagine any reader who pours over de Camp's Literary Swordsmen & Sorcerers in Fantastic , or the various introductions Carter writes to the other books in Ballantine's Adult Fantasy Series, not enjoying it." [4]

The book was also reviewed in Aurora, March 1974, as well as by Damon Knight in Orbit 14 , 1974, Richard Lupoff in Algol no. 22, May 1974, and James R. Thrane The Baum Bugle , Autumn 1977. [1]

Related Research Articles

Fantasy comedy

Fantasy comedy or comic fantasy is a subgenre of fantasy that is primarily humorous in intent and tone. Typically set in imaginary worlds, fantasy comedy often involves puns on and parodies of other works of fantasy.

Lord Dunsany Irish writer, dramatist and chess player 1878–1957

Edward John Moreton Drax Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany was an Anglo-Irish writer and dramatist, published mostly as Lord Dunsany. Over 90 of his books, mainly fantasy, appeared in his lifetime; his original work and compilations have continued to appear. They include several hundred short stories, and many plays, novels, and essays. He gained fame with his early stories and plays and was seen in the 1910s as a great writer of the English-speaking world. He is best known today for a 1924 fantasy novel, The King of Elfland's Daughter, and for The Gods of Pegāna, where he devised a fictional pantheon and laid the grounds for the fantasy genre. Born in London to the second-oldest title in the Irish peerage, he was raised there and in Kent, then lived much of his life at what may be Ireland's longest inhabited house, Dunsany Castle near Tara, though he retired to Shoreham, Kent. He worked with W. B. Yeats and Lady Gregory, gained an honorary doctorate from Trinity College, Dublin, was a chess and pistol-shooting champion of Ireland, and travelled and hunted. He also invented an asymmetrical version of chess called Dunsany's chess. He died in Dublin of appendicitis.

Sword and sorcery Genre of fantasy fiction

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E. R. Eddison British writer

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Linwood Vrooman Carter was an American author of science fiction and fantasy, as well as an editor, poet and critic. He usually wrote as Lin Carter; known pseudonyms include H. P. Lowcraft and Grail Undwin. He is best known for his work in the 1970s as editor of the Ballantine Adult Fantasy series, which introduced readers to many overlooked classics of the fantasy genre.

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History of fantasy

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Ballantine Adult Fantasy series

The Ballantine Adult Fantasy series was an imprint of American publisher Ballantine Books. Launched in 1969, the series reissued a number of works of fantasy literature which were out of print or dispersed in back issues of pulp magazines, in cheap paperback form—including works by authors such as James Branch Cabell, Lord Dunsany, Ernest Bramah, Hope Mirrlees, and William Morris. The series lasted until 1974.

<i>Literary Swordsmen and Sorcerers</i>

Literary Swordsmen and Sorcerers: The Makers of Heroic Fantasy is a work of collective biography on the formative authors of the heroic fantasy genre by L. Sprague de Camp (1907-2000), first published in 1976 by Arkham House in an edition of 5,431 copies. Nine chapters (2-10) are revisions from a series of ten articles, also titled "Literary Swordsmen and Sorcerers," that initially appeared in the magazine Fantastic and the fanzine Amra between 1971 and 1976. A French edition was issued in May 2010 under the title Les pionniers de la fantasy, and an ebook edition was issued in June 2014 by Gateway/Orion.

<i>The Conan Grimoire</i> Book by Lyon Sprague de Camp

The Conan Grimoire is a 1972 collection of essays, poetry and fiction edited by L. Sprague de Camp and George H. Scithers, published in hardcover by Mirage Press. The essays were originally published as articles in Scithers' fanzine Amra. The book is a companion to Mirage’s previous two volumes of material from Amra, The Conan Reader (1968) and The Conan Swordbook (1969). Most of the material in the three volumes, together with some additional material, was later reprinted in two de Camp-edited paperback anthologies from Ace Books; The Blade of Conan (1979) and The Spell of Conan (1980).

<i>The Conan Swordbook</i> Book by Lyon Sprague de Camp

The Conan Swordbook is a 1969 collection of essays edited by L. Sprague de Camp and George H. Scithers, published in hardcover by Mirage Press. The essays were originally published as articles in Scithers' fanzine Amra. The book is a companion to Mirage’s other two volumes of material from Amra, The Conan Reader (1968) and The Conan Grimoire (1972). Most of the material in the three volumes, together with some additional material, was later reprinted in two de Camp-edited paperback anthologies from Ace Books; The Blade of Conan (1979) and The Spell of Conan (1980).

<i>The Blade of Conan</i> Book by Lyon Sprague de Camp

The Blade of Conan is a 1979 collection of essays edited by L. Sprague de Camp, published in paperback by Ace Books. The material was originally published as articles in George H. Scithers' fanzine Amra. The book is a companion to Ace’s later volume of material from Amra, The Spell of Conan (1980). Most of the material in the two volumes, together with some additional material, was reprinted from three previous books issued in hardcover by Mirage Press; de Camp’s collection The Conan Reader (1968), and the de Camp and Scithers-edited anthologies The Conan Swordbook (1969). and The Conan Grimoire (1972).

<i>The Spell of Conan</i> Book by Lyon Sprague de Camp

The Spell of Conan is a 1980 collection of essays, poems and fiction edited by L. Sprague de Camp, published in paperback by Ace Books. The material was originally published as articles in George H. Scithers' fanzine Amra. The book is a companion to Ace's earlier volume of material from Amra, The Blade of Conan (1979). Most of the material in the two volumes, together with some additional material, was reprinted from three previous books issued in hardcover by Mirage Press; de Camp's collection The Conan Reader (1968), and the de Camp and Scithers-edited anthologies The Conan Swordbook (1969). and The Conan Grimoire (1972).

<i>Tolkien: A Look Behind "The Lord of the Rings"</i>

Tolkien: A Look Behind "The Lord of the Rings" is a study of the works of J. R. R. Tolkien written by Lin Carter. It was first published in paperback by Ballantine Books in March 1969 and reprinted in April 1969, April 1970, July 1971, July 1972, February 1973, July 1973, June 1975 and November 1977, after which it went out of print for over twenty-five years. The book has been translated into French, Japanese and Polish. A new edition updated by Adam Roberts was published by Gollancz in August 2003; it constituted both the first British edition and first hardcover edition. The first American hardcover edition was published by Tor Books in 2004.

<i>The Young Magicians</i>

The Young Magicians is an American anthology of fantasy short stories, edited by American writer Lin Carter. It was first published in paperback by Ballantine Books in October 1969 as the seventh volume of its Ballantine Adult Fantasy series. It was the second such anthology assembled by Carter for the series, issued simultaneously with the first, Dragons, Elves, and Heroes. The book has been translated into German.

<i>Realms of Wizardry</i>

Realms of Wizardry: An Anthology of Adult Fantasy is an American anthology of fantasy stories, edited by American writer Lin Carter. It was first published in hardcover by Doubleday in December 1976 as the second of two such anthologies continuing a series of nine assembled by Carter for the Ballantine Adult Fantasy series.

<i>The Sundering Flood</i>

The Sundering Flood is a fantasy novel by British writer William Morris, perhaps the first modern fantasy writer to unite an imaginary world with the element of the supernatural, and thus the precursor of much of present-day fantasy literature. The Sundering Flood was Morris' last work of fiction, completed only in rough draft, with the ending dictated from his deathbed. It was edited posthumously by his daughter May into finished form for publication and published in 1897.

<i>The House of the Wolfings</i>

A Tale of the House of the Wolfings and All the Kindreds of the Mark is a fantasy novel by William Morris, perhaps the first modern fantasy writer to unite an imaginary world with the element of the supernatural, and thus the precursor of much of present-day fantasy literature. It was first published in hardcover by Reeves and Turner in 1889.

<i>Lin Carters Simrana Cycle</i>

Lin Carter's Simrana Cycle is a collection of fantasy short stories by American writer Linwood V. Carter, selected and edited by Robert M. Price. It was first published in hardcover, trade paperback and ebook by Celaeno Press in February 2018.

References

  1. 1 2 Imaginary Worlds: The Art of Fantasy title listing at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
  2. Review in Amra v. 2, no. 60, September 1973, p. 22.
  3. Leiber, Fritz. Review in Fantastic v. 24, no. 3, April 1975, pages 113-115.
  4. Chauvin, Cy. Review in Amazing Science Fiction v. 49, no. 1, July 1975, pages 118-120.

See also