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The disability rights movement is a global social movement that seeks to secure equal opportunities and equal rights for all people with disabilities.
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Movement for the Intellectually Disabled of Singapore (MINDS) is a voluntary welfare organisation based in Singapore, that provides services for the intellectually disabled. MINDS was founded in 1962, and remains one of the largest charities in Singapore. Over 600 staff and 2,400 beneficiaries are a part of MINDS. Two other organisations, the Association for Persons with Special Needs and Metta School were formed as an offshoot of MINDS.
"The normalization principle means making available to all people with disabilities patterns of life and conditions of everyday living which are as close as possible to the regular circumstances and ways of life or society." Normalization is a rigorous theory of human services that can be applied to disability services. Normalization theory arose in the early 1970s, towards the end of the institutionalisation period in the US; it is one of the strongest and long lasting integration theories for people with severe disabilities.
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Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability in the United Kingdom and formerly mental retardation, is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning. It is defined by an IQ under 70, in addition to deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors that affect everyday, general living. Intellectual functions are defined under DSM-V as reasoning, problem‑solving, planning, abstract thinking, judgment, academic learning, and learning from instruction and experience, and practical understanding confirmed by both clinical assessment and standardized tests. Adaptive behavior is defined in terms of conceptual, social, and practical skills involving tasks performed by people in their everyday lives.
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This disability rights timeline lists events relating to the civil rights of people with disabilities in the United States of America, including court decisions, the passage of legislation, activists' actions, significant abuses of people with disabilities, and the founding of various organizations. Although the disability rights movement itself began in the 1960s, advocacy for the rights of people with disabilities started much earlier and continues to the present.
Community integration, while diversely defined, is a term encompassing the full participation of all people in community life. It has specifically referred to the integration of people with disabilities into US society from the local to the national level, and for decades was a defining agenda in countries such as Great Britain. Throughout recent decades, community integration programs have been increasingly effective in improving healthcare access for people with disabilities. They have been valued for providing a "voice for the voiceless"
Gunnar Dybwad (1909–2001) was an American professor and advocate for the rights of people with disabilities, particularly developmental disabilities. He is best known for his support for the social model of disability, reframing disability accommodations as a matter of civil rights, not medical treatment. The American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities gives out the Dybwad Humanitarian Award annually in his honor.
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Sterilization law is the area of law, within reproductive rights, that gives a person the right to choose or refuse reproductive sterilization and governs when the government may limit this fundamental right. Sterilization law includes federal and state constitutional law, statutory law, administrative law, and common law. This article primarily focuses on laws concerning compulsory sterilization that have not been repealed or abrogated and are still good laws, in whole or in part, in each jurisdiction.
Singapore does not have a formal definition of disability. Singapore signed on to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2013 and coordinates the Enabling Masterplan with both government and non governmental organisations.
Sameer Zuberi MP is a Canadian politician who was elected to represent the federal riding of Pierrefonds—Dollard in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2019 Canadian federal election, sitting as a member of the Liberal Party. He is the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Diversity, Inclusion and Persons with Disabilities, and he serves on the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development. He is best known for his human rights work and advocacy – specifically his motion M-62 on Uyghurs and Other Turkic Muslims.
J. Clifford MacDonald was an American businessman and philanthropist. MacDonald was owner of a printing company and served as president of the Arc of the United States, then named the National Association for Retarded Children. While working with people with disabilities, MacDonald started several Floridan establishments and worked with the Hillsborough County Association for the Blind as their president from 1938 to 1954. Apart from disabilities, MacDonald worked in journalism with the New York Daily News, Tampa Tribune, St. Petersburg Times and the St. Petersburg Independent during the 1920s. MacDonald was named a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1963 and died before his award ceremony that year.
References
- ↑ "Prime Minister Diefenbaker Lauds Work For Retarded children". The News and Eastern Townships Advocate. Nov 20, 1958. p. 8. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ↑ Melanie Panitch (6 August 2012). Disability, Mothers, and Organization: Accidental Activists. Routledge. p. 4. ISBN 978-1-135-90378-7.
- ↑ "History". CACL.
- ↑ "Propose Fund As Kennedy Memorial". Granby Leader-Mail. Dec 4, 1963. p. 2. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
- ↑ "Rose Kennedy Here: Appeals For Retarded Children". The Montreal Gazette. Sep 30, 1964. p. 14. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
- ↑ "'Week' Opens On Island". The Montreal Gazette. May 7, 1964. p. 1. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
- ↑ "Seeds Sold To Aid Retarded". The Montreal Gazette. Apr 25, 1967. p. 25. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
- ↑ "Personal Homes For Retarded". Ottawa Citizen. Sep 18, 1968. p. 40. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
- ↑ "Two organizations unite : TV programs on retarded set". The Montreal Gazette. Oct 5, 1972. p. 18. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
- ↑ "Untitled (photo page)". The Bugle. Woodstock, New Brunswick. Apr 26, 1978. p. B3.
- ↑ Hubert, Nadine (August 14, 1985). "Sterilization and the mentally retarded". The Interim. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ↑ "Sterilization of the Mentally Retarded Adult: the Eve Case" (PDF). McGill Law Journal . 26: 931, fn 1. Jan 9, 1981. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- ↑ "Sterilization Case First Court Test Of Equality Rights". Ottawa Citizen. Jun 3, 1985. p. A3. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
- ↑ "Inclusion Canada Rebrand". Inclusion Canada. Retrieved 2020-09-16.
- ↑ Public Health Agency of Canada (2022-10-12). "Immunization Partnership Fund". Government of Canada . Archived from the original on 2022-11-04. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
- Citations – journals
- Dunn, H. G. (Oct 15, 1958). "The Canadian Association for Retarded Children". Can Med Assoc J. 79 (8): 661–664. PMC 1830226 . PMID 13585292.
- Clute, KF (Oct 1963). "Research Programme of the Canadian Association for Retarded Children". Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal. 8 (5): 278–80. doi:10.1177/070674376300800502. PMID 14055396. S2CID 43399126.
- Roeher, GA; Webber, I (Mar–Apr 1971). "Canadian Association for the Mentally Retarded". Canadian Journal of Public Health. 62 (2): 153–5. PMID 5572713.
- Others
- "Hope for the Mentally Retarded". Royal Bank of Canada Monthly Letter. RBC. October 1969. VOL. 50, No. 10. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- "Struggle for a voice". National Post. Feb 18, 2009. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
- Ziai, Abol H. (1963). Second Nova Scotia Camp for Retarded Children. Camp Monte Bello, Tusket, Yarmouth County: Canadian Association for Retarded Children. 40.
