InfiLaw System

Last updated

The InfiLaw System
Type Private
Industry Educational services
FoundedJuly 28, 2006 (2006-07-28), Wilmington, Delaware
Headquarters
Naples, Florida
,
United States
Area served
United States
Website www.infilaw.com

The InfiLaw System was a for-profit consortium of three independent law schools in the United States. It was owned by Sterling Partners, a Chicago-based private equity firm, [1] and was headquartered in Naples, Florida. [2] Charlotte School of Law in Charlotte, North Carolina and Arizona Summit Law School in Phoenix closed, the latter after losing ABA accreditation. [3] InfiLaw relinquished its ownership of Florida Coastal School of Law in Jacksonville, Florida in April 2021, [4] with that entity closing its doors after its Summer, 2021 term. [5]

Contents

History

Founding and initial growth

Sterling Partners purchased Florida Coastal School of Law in 2004 and founded the InfiLaw System in concurrence with the purchase. InfiLaw then established the Phoenix School of Law later in 2004 and the Charlotte School of Law in 2006. [1] In November 2013, the Phoenix School of Law officially changed its name to "Arizona Summit School of Law." [6] InfiLaw believed in inclusion in education and sought to reach the underserved. However, the Charlotte Law School Alumni Association condemned the consortium as "motivated first by profit and not the best interests of its students, faculty, and alumni." [7] Both Arizona Summit Law School and Charlotte School of Law were awarded full ABA accreditation at the earliest time permitted by the ABA; Arizona Summit Law School in June, 2010, and Charlotte School of Law in June, 2011.

Enrollment at each of the three schools increased dramatically in the early years of InfiLaw ownership. For instance, Florida Coastal School of Law (the only previously established school in the InfiLaw System), increased from 904 students in 2004 to 1,741 students in 2010. The Arizona Summit School of Law had 336 students in 2008, which increased to around 700 by 2010 and necessitated a new, larger downtown Phoenix campus. Also, campus moves to downtown locations of both Arizona Summit Law School (Phoenix) and Charlotte School of Law (Charlotte) allowed students to be closer to the courts, the legal community and the government centers. [8] The Charlotte School of Law's first class in 2007 received 1,010 applicants, of which around 420 were accepted. The initial 1L class size at the Charlotte school was only around 85 students. [2] By 2009, the number for all three classes had grown to 481, and, in 2011, it increased again to 1,151. [9]

Despite a decrease in applicants, Charlotte and Florida Coastal increased enrollment between 2010 and 2013 Awefawf3.png
Despite a decrease in applicants, Charlotte and Florida Coastal increased enrollment between 2010 and 2013

As part of the law school reform movement that occurred in and around 2010 and 2011, the American Bar Association began amending its Section of Legal Education and Admissions to increase transparency at ABA-accredited schools. Among these reforms was the requirement that law schools provide more detailed and complete information about employment outcomes for graduates. This reform, along with an overall economic downturn during the same period, led to a decline in law school applications that also affected the schools in the InfiLaw System. From 2010 to 2014, law school applications dropped from 88,000 to 55,000 across the pantheon of ABA-accredited schools. InfiLaw's schools saw a similar decline in that time period from 12,754 applications in 2010 to 8,066 applications in 2013.[ citation needed ]

Attempted purchase of Charleston School of Law

In August 2013, two of the three owners of the for-profit Charleston School of Law announced they were selling the school to InfiLaw. [10] Faculty, students, and alumni voiced objections to the sale citing concerns that InfiLaw would lower admissions standards to boost enrollment, resulting in lower bar passage and employment rates, which would, in turn, damage the school's reputation. [11] Despite the opposition, others have pointed out that InfiLaw's schools have produced statistics similar to the Charleston School of Law in regard to tuition, loan default rates, employment outcomes, salaries, and passage of the bar. Two Charleston alumni wrote an op-ed in support of the sale of the school to InfiLaw, stating that InfiLaw gave the school a better chance to "thrive" and avoid struggles. In May 2014, however, a committee of the South Carolina Commission on Higher Education recommended in a 3-to-1 vote that the state's higher education regulator reject the sale. [12]

In May 2015, InfiLaw spokeswoman, Kathy Heldman, said the company had no plans to refile an application for a license to operate in South Carolina with the state's Commission on Higher Education. [13]

Operation and statistics

Admissions selectivity

From the outset, InfiLaw has had a social mission of adding diversity to occupations that have an under representation of diverse professionals. The legal profession is one of the least diverse in America, with the American Bar Association (ABA) estimating that just over 12 percent of all lawyers are lawyers of color, in a nation that is 38 percent racially diverse. [14]

In 2007, Florida Coastal School of Law was the only law school in the nation in which students from a minority group outperformed students in non-minority groups on the bar exam. [2] InfiLaw also attracts individuals who do not have high enough LSAT scores and GPAs to be admitted into higher-tier law schools. [1] InfiLaw officials and others have stated that the LSAT "is not the best determinant of success as a lawyer and clearly has racial bias." [15] Each of the InfiLaw schools had been able to exceed enrollment of diverse students as confirmed by 2015 data. Diversity enrollment for Fall, 2015 was: Florida Coastal School of Law 52,4%; Charlotte School of Law 58.5% and Arizona Summit Law School 49.7%.[ citation needed ]

In 2015, PreLaw Magazine named Arizona Summit Law School to its Most Diverse Law School list. The magazine honored Summit Law with an A+ rating and was named one of the top ten law schools for diversity nationwide among accredited law schools. [16]

For students with lower LSAT scores, the InfiLaw schools offer students the ability to participate in a 7-week program called AAMPLE, (Alternative Admissions Model Program for Legal Education), that includes two actual law such/content courses and is designed to evaluate the student's ability to handle the rigors of the law school curriculum and achieve success in law school. This program has provided those students who typically have had difficulty with standardized testing the opportunity to prove themselves and to attend law school and earn a law degree. InfiLaw schools are said to provide more "hands-on learning" for individuals who score lower marks on their LSATs, offering around 400 hours of on-the-job training. [1]

Florida Coastal School of Law was named a best law school for providing its students practical training by National Jurist Magazine. Coastal Law was listed in the top 20 law schools providing practical training and received a grade of A+, up from an A− in 2014. [17]

InfiLaw has received criticism for their admissions standards (sometimes described as "lax"), with suggestions that these admissions standards could lead to fewer students passing the bar exam. By 2015, the predictions came true when only 30.6% of first time bar takers from Arizona Summit passed the July 2015 bar exam. [18]

Florida Coastal has been criticized for lower selectivity since being acquired by InfiLaw Di5.png
Florida Coastal has been criticized for lower selectivity since being acquired by InfiLaw

In 2010, the average LSAT score for all three InfiLaw schools was either 149 or 150, a mark generally considered average. By 2013, the median LSAT score at InfiLaw schools had dropped to 144 (23rd percentile), with 25% of its students achieving marks at or below 141. The median GPA for the class of 2016 at Florida Coastal School of Law is 2.97 [19] and is 2.88 for Arizona Summit. [20] At Charlotte, the median GPA is 2.91. [21]

A 2012 report showed that 18% of first-year students at Arizona Summit had transferred to other law schools. This led to a policy in which transfer students were required to meet with an adviser before their transcripts would be released. In 2013, two professors filed a lawsuit against the school, alleging that they had been fired for objecting to a new policy related to student transfers, among other policy changes. [22] InfiLaw disputes that claim, instead noting that the professors simply failed to execute letters of appointment proffered by the school for succeeding academic terms, before the expiration of their last term of employment. United States federal judge, Susan Bolton, dismissed the original complaint, but allowed the complaint to be amended in 2014. [23] The amended complaint was subsequently dismissed by District Court, this time with prejudice. [24] The District Court also ordered plaintiffs to pay most of the defendants' costs incurred to date in connection with the case. The plaintiffs appealed both the granting of the Motion to Dismiss and the Order to pay costs/fees to the US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.

Bar-passage rates

In the summer of 2013, each of the three schools in the InfiLaw system posted bar-passage rates of 58% or above. Charlotte achieved a 58% passage rate while Florida Coastal earned a 67.4% passage rate. A student from Arizona Summit posted the highest score on the Arizona bar exam in 2013. [25] However, in 2015, Arizona Summit's bar passage rate fell to just 31% and [26] its July 2016 Arizona bar passage rate for first time writers was an abysmal 24.6%. The school's total July 2016 Arizona bar passage rate was only 19.7%. [27]

When InfiLaw first took over Florida Coastal, they improved their bar-passage rate from 58.2% to 76.4%. [12] In February 2014, 73% of Florida Coastal students passed the bar but fewer students take the February bar. For graduates who took the exam in July, only 58% of Florida Coastal students passed, compared to a statewide average of 72%. [28] For February, 2015 bar pass, Florida Coastal School of Law ranked third in the state among all state law schools at a passing rate of 74.5%, compared to 64.3% for all Florida law schools. [29] However, in 2016, Coastal Law's bar passage rate fell to just 32.7%. [30]

Employment outcomes

In 2012, a group of former Florida Coastal students filed a lawsuit against the law school, alleging that the school had inflated their post-graduate employment numbers in promotional material. The suit alleged that the school advertised an 80 to 95% employment rate for graduates in the first 9 months after receiving their diplomas. This case was part of a series of class action lawsuits filed by law school students and applicants across the country, a number of which have been dismissed. Casey et al. v. Florida Coastal, Judge Brian J. Davis of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida, Jacksonville Division, dismissed the entire case with prejudice, accepting United States Magistrate Judge Patricia D. Barksdale's recommendation of dismissal issued on August 15, 2015 . In a decision supplementing the reasoning of Magistrate Judge Barksdale, Judge Davis concluded that plaintiffs' allegations failed to state a claim and that the defendant's alleged conduct failed to rise to the level of deceptive or unfair trade practices, stating that claim of deceptive trade practice "requires proof that defendant's act would likely mislead the [objective] consumer acting reasonably in the circumstances."' [31]

Outcomes for 2012 graduates of InfiLaw schools Fawef.png
Outcomes for 2012 graduates of InfiLaw schools

Like all ABA-accredited law schools, Florida Coastal School of Law is required to survey members of its most recent graduating class to ascertain their employment status. In March of each year, law schools report this employment data to the American Bar Association and NALP, a non-profit education association for law schools and legal employers that also conducts an annual employment survey. The data collected reflect the employment status of each law school's graduates as of February 15. Florida Coastal School of Law was able to confirm the employment status of 98.4% (553 of 562) of its program completers who graduated September 1, 2012 through August 31, 2013. The job placement rate for these graduates was 62.1%. This figure was calculated using the NALP formula for calculating job placement rate. Therefore, the 62.1% job placement rate was calculated by adding together all of the employed graduates (349) and then dividing by the total number of graduates (562).

Tuition and costs at Charlotte School of Law initially started out at around $27,000 per student in 2007 [2] with similar rates at the other two InfiLaw schools. [12] By 2014, median tuition costs for all three InfiLaw schools were generally around $40,000. [1] [11] According to Harvard Law School, 97% of Arizona Summit's graduates have debt that averages around $162,000. [32] 92% of Florida Coastal graduates incurred an average of $143,000 in debt, while 90% of Charlotte graduates incurred an average of $115,000 in debt.

Closures

Charlotte School of Law

In November 2016, the ABA placed Charlotte School of Law on probation for violating ABA admissions standards. [32] The next month, the Department of Education terminated it from the Federal Student Loan program. [32] Charlotte graduates take on a median debt of $162,000. [32] However, only 45.2% of graduates passed the North Carolina bar in July 2016. [32] And only 26% of graduates from the class of 2015 obtained full-time, long term, bar passage required employment. [32] The Charlotte School of Law announced their closing and ended their business operations in August 2017. [33] More than 150 students and former students have filed lawsuits against Charlotte School of Law alleging fraud, violations of the North Carolina Deceptive Trade Practices Act, and other claims. [34] The students claim that "money ruled, not education. And they left a lot of poor folks holding the bag." [34] Faculty recently laid off by the school are also considering wrongful termination lawsuits.

Arizona Summit Law School

On March 27, 2016, the ABA notified Arizona Summit that the school was on probation for violating ABA academic and admission standards. [35] The ABA's decision came after the school's bar passage rate dropped to 24.6%. Arizona Summit has announced plans to shut down as of Oct 26th, 2018. Plans to maintain its ABA accreditation till May 2020 when the last 22 students graduate and take the Bar Exam, after which, it will officially shutter its doors. [36]

Florida Coastal School of Law

On May 15, 2020, the council of the American Bar Association's Section of Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar met remotely and determined Florida Coastal and nine other schools had significant noncompliance with Standard 316. [37] This Standard was revised in 2019 to provide that at least 75% of an accredited law school's graduates who took a bar exam must pass one within two years of graduation. [37] But in August 2020, Florida Coastal was able to demonstrate compliance, asserting that 75% of its 2018 graduates had passed a bar exam, and the 2019 cohort was on track for similarly qualifying results. [38]

However, a new problem arose in Spring 2021 when the U.S. Department of Education terminated the school's access to federal student financial aid, and the school was directed to file a teach-out plan with the ABA's Section of Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar. [39] The plan submitted in April was rejected by an executive committee of that ABA section as lacking several required items and not providing sufficient detail as to other items. [40] A revised plan was to be considered in May, [40] but no acceptable plan had been submitted by mid-May. [4]

The school resubmitted its DOE application for Title IV eligibility. [40] The U.S. Department of Education on May 13, 2021, rejected the request. [4] Richard Cordray, the DOE's federal student aid chief operating officer, said in the press release that the school was acting recklessly and irresponsibly, putting its students at risk. [4] The release also said regarding InfiLaw, “Last month, the private equity firm that had owned 98.6% of the institution relinquished its ownership. This move demonstrated its unwillingness to assume any potential liabilities related to noncompliance rather than using its resources to support the school’s continued participation in the federal student financial aid programs.” [4] As a result, Florida Coastal said it was looking at its options. [4]

A teach-out plan was finally approved in June, 2021, with the school to offer no further classes after the end of the Summer, 2021 term. [5] Some students will transfer to other law schools, while others will attend classes elsewhere but graduate with Florida Coastal degrees. [5] The school's accreditation will be continued until July 1, 2023, for the limited purpose of allowing currently-enrolled students to receive course credits at other accredited law schools. [5]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">American Bar Association</span> American association of lawyers

The American Bar Association (ABA) is a voluntary bar association of lawyers and law students; it is not specific to any jurisdiction in the United States. Founded in 1878, the ABA's stated activities are the setting of academic standards for law schools, and the formulation of model ethical codes related to the legal profession. As of fiscal year 2017, the ABA had 194,000 dues-paying members, constituting approximately 14.4% of American attorneys. In 1979, half of all lawyers in the U.S. were members of the ABA. The organization's national headquarters are in Chicago, Illinois, and it also maintains a significant branch office in Washington, D.C.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">University of Massachusetts School of Law</span> Public law school in Massachusetts, US

The University of Massachusetts School of Law is a public law school in Dartmouth, Massachusetts. The only public law school in Massachusetts, it is the successor to Southern New England School of Law, a private law school that donated its campus and its assets to the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. It is accredited by the American Bar Association and part of the University of Massachusetts system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Florida International University College of Law</span>

The Florida International University College of Law is the law school of Florida International University, located in Miami, Florida in the United States. The law school is accredited by the American Bar Association, and is the only public law school in South Florida.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Whittier Law School</span> Former law school of Whittier College

Whittier Law School was a law school in Costa Mesa, California founded in 1966. The law school was part of Whittier College, a private institution. After several years being ranked among the poorest-performing law schools in the United States based on bar passage rate and job placement, Whittier Law School announced in April 2017 that it would no longer be admitting students and would discontinue its legal program, becoming the first law school with full accreditation by the American Bar Association (ABA) to shut down in at least 30 years.Since the school's closure, transcript requests are now handled by Whittier College.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ave Maria School of Law</span> Law School

Ave Maria School of Law is a private Roman Catholic law school in Vineyards, Florida. It was founded in 1999 and is accredited by the American Bar Association. The school is perennially ranked as the "most conservative" and "most devout" law school in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Law school</span> Institution specializing in legal education

A law school is an institution or professional school specializing in legal education, usually involved as part of a process for becoming a judge, lawyer, or other legal professional within a given jurisdiction.

Mississippi College School of Law is an American Bar Association accredited law school. MC Law is one of two law schools in the state of Mississippi, and is the only law school in the capital city of Jackson, Mississippi. The school is a professional school of Mississippi College, founded in 1826.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Atlanta's John Marshall Law School</span> Private for-profit law school in Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Atlanta's John Marshall Law School (AJMLS) is a private for-profit law school in Atlanta, Georgia. It was founded in 1933 and named for John Marshall, the fourth chief justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. AJMLS is accredited by the American Bar Association.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Florida Coastal School of Law</span> For-profit law school in Jacksonville, Florida

Florida Coastal School of Law was a private for-profit law school in Jacksonville, Florida. It was established in 1996 and was the last operating of three for-profit law schools of the InfiLaw System owned by Sterling Partners. Because of funding and accreditation issues, the school closed its doors in 2021. U.S. News & World Report ranks Coastal Law 147-193, its lowest law school ranking. In July 2022, the school had the lowest Florida bar passage rate of all Florida law schools, at 31%.

The Charleston School of Law is a private for-profit law school in Charleston, South Carolina. It was established in 2003 and accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA) in August 2011. The school was founded upon a principle of promoting public service by its students and graduates; each student must perform at least 50 hours of public service before graduation. According to the school's 2021 ABA-required disclosures, 85% of the Class of 2017 obtained full-time, long-term, JD-required employment nine months after graduation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">San Francisco Law School</span> Private law school in San Francisco, California

San Francisco Law School is a private, for-profit law school in San Francisco, California. Founded in 1909, it is the oldest evening law school in the Western United States.

The Valparaiso University Law School was the law school of Valparaiso University, a private university in Valparaiso, Indiana. Founded in 1879, the school was accredited by the American Bar Association in 1929 and admitted to the Association of American Law Schools in 1930. In October 2016, the ABA censured the school for admitting applicants who did not appear capable of satisfactorily completing the school's program of legal education and being admitted to the bar. One year later, the school suspended admissions and shut down after the last class graduated in 2020.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arizona Summit Law School</span> Defunct law school in Phoenix, Arizona

The Arizona Summit Law School was a for-profit law school in Phoenix, Arizona, that operated from 2005 to 2018. The law school was known until 2013 as the Phoenix School of Law, and was a part of the InfiLaw System of independent, for-profit law schools, which includes Florida Coastal School of Law and Charlotte School of Law, owned by Sterling Partners.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Massachusetts School of Law</span> Law School in Massachusetts, USA

The Massachusetts School of Law (MSLAW) is a private law school in Andover, Massachusetts. It was founded in 1988 and claims that its design and curriculum were influenced by the medical school educational model and legal scholars. Although it is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education, it is not accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas R. Kline School of Law</span> Law school of Drexel University

The Drexel University Thomas R. Kline School of Law is the law school of Drexel University, a private research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Established in 2006, it offers Juris Doctor, LLM and Master of Legal Studies degrees and provides for its students to take part in a cooperative education program.

The Dwayne O. Andreas School of Law is located in Orlando, Florida. The school is an academic college of Barry University in Miami Shores, Florida. Barry Law offers various programs for full-time and part-time students, including a three-year daytime program and a four-year extended studies program in the evening for working students.

Widener University Delaware Law School is a private law school in Wilmington, Delaware. It is one of two separate ABA-accredited law schools of Widener University. Widener University Law School was founded in 1971 as the Delaware Law School and became affiliated with Widener in 1975. In 1989, it was known as Widener University School of Law when it was combined with the campus in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. In 2015, the two campuses separated, with the Harrisburg one renamed to Widener University Commonwealth Law School.

Charlotte School of Law was an independent for-profit college in Charlotte, North Carolina established in 2006. It was provisionally accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA) in 2008, and fully accredited in 2011. However, the ABA placed the school on probation in 2016, resulting in the school's closure the following year. While Charlotte Law served the community through expungement programs and restitution self-help clinics, it was also criticized for alleged mismanagement and compliance issues, which were later found to be true. Charlotte Law was owned by the InfiLaw System.

Western Michigan University Cooley Law School ("Cooley") is a private law school in Lansing, Michigan and Riverview, Florida. It was established in 1972. At its peak in 2010, Cooley had over 3,900 students and was the largest US law school by enrollment; as of the Spring of 2022, Cooley had approximately 500 students between its two campuses.

The Duncan School of Law at Lincoln Memorial University is a law school located in Knoxville, Tennessee, affiliated with Lincoln Memorial University. It was founded in 2009 and accredited by the American Bar Association in 2019.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Warren, Zach (October 21, 2013). "For-profit law schools on the rise". Inside Counsel Magazine. Retrieved October 20, 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Clary, Ellison (January 2007). "Charlotte's New Legal Beagle". Greater Charlotte Biz. Retrieved October 20, 2014.
  3. ↑ Ryman, Anne. "American Bar Association plans to remove Arizona Summit Law School's accreditation". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Florida Coastal's financial aid reinstatement request denied; private equity firm pulls out". Stephanie Francis Ward, ABA Journal, May 13, 2021. Retrieved May 15, 2021.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Teach-out plan for Florida Coastal approved; classes will end after summer term". Stephanie Francis Ward, ABA Journal, June 9, 2021. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
  6. ↑ Scott, Eugene (November 3, 2013). "Phoenix School of Law to adopt new name". The Arizona Republic . Retrieved October 20, 2014.
  7. ↑ Patrice, Joe (February 7, 2017). "Charlotte Alumni Demand Resignations Of Law School Leadership".
  8. ↑ Gersema, Emily (April 27, 2011). "For-profit Phoenix School of Law plans to move downtown". The Arizona Republic . Retrieved October 20, 2014.
  9. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on September 15, 2015. Retrieved November 2, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  10. ↑ Group, Sinclair Broadcast (August 28, 2013). "School of Law plans to hand over reins to Infilaw System". WCIV. Retrieved July 28, 2023.
  11. 1 2 Jones, Ashby (October 20, 2013). "Private-Equity Group's for-Profit Law School Plan Draws Critics". The Wall Street Journal . Retrieved October 20, 2014.
  12. 1 2 3 Davidoff Solomon, Steven (June 3, 2014). "Potential Sale of Law School Raises Debate Over Who Should Profit". The New York Times . Retrieved October 20, 2014.
  13. ↑ "Charleston School of Law to enroll students for the fall - Post and Courier". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved November 10, 2015.
  14. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on January 18, 2016. Retrieved November 10, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  15. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  16. ↑ "PreLaw - Winter 2015". Archived from the original on October 9, 2015. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
  17. ↑ "Best law schools for practical training: 2015 | the National Jurist". www.nationaljurist.com. February 6, 2015.
  18. ↑ Ryman, Anne (May 15, 2017). "On-probation Phoenix law school still struggling on passage rates for state Bar exam". The Republic. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
  19. ↑ "Florida Coastal School of Law Profile". Law School Transparency . Retrieved August 20, 2014.
  20. ↑ "Arizona Summit Law School Profile". Law School Transparency . Retrieved August 20, 2014.
  21. ↑ "Charlotte School of Law Profile". Law School Transparency . Retrieved August 20, 2014.
  22. ↑ Cassens Weiss, Debra (June 4, 2013). "Suit claims law profs were fired after opposing proposals to discourage student transfers". ABA Journal . Retrieved October 20, 2014.
  23. ↑ Cassens Weiss, Debra (4 June 2013). "Suit claims law profs were fired after opposing proposals to discourage student transfers". ABA Journal. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  24. ↑ "azcommonlaw.com". ww1.azcommonlaw.com.
  25. ↑ Reilly, Amanda (December 3, 2013). "For-Profit Law Schools: Impacting the Future of Legal Education". The Case Studies Blog at Harvard Law School . Retrieved October 20, 2014.
  26. ↑ "Law school which cut admissions standards sees 31pc pass rate". www.globallegalpost.com.
  27. ↑ "Arizona Bar Exam Statistics" (PDF).
  28. ↑ Pantazi, Andrew (September 24, 2014). "Florida Coastal School of Law graduates finish second-to-last in passing the Bar". The Florida Times-Union . Retrieved October 20, 2014.
  29. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on January 10, 2016. Retrieved November 5, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  30. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on June 23, 2017. Retrieved August 17, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  31. ↑ Casey et al. v. Florida Coastal School of Law, 3:14-cv-1229-J-39PDB, (M.D.Fla. September 29, 2015)
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Olson, Elizabeth (February 7, 2017). "For-Profit Law School Faces Crisis After Losing Federal Loans". The New York Times.
  33. ↑ "Charlotte School of Law closing immediately, alumni association says," Aug. 15 2017, WSOC-TV, channel 9, Charlotte, North Carolina, at .
  34. 1 2 Johnson, Brittney (January 31, 2017). "Attorneys file lawsuits for 150-plus students against Charlotte School of Law". WSOC.
  35. ↑ Journal, A. B. A. "ABA puts Arizona Summit School of Law on probation". ABA Journal.
  36. ↑ Ryman, Anne. "Arizona Summit Law School details plans to eventually close its doors". The Arizona Republic.
  37. 1 2 "10 law schools are out of compliance with bar passage standard, ABA legal ed section says". Stephanie Francis Ward, ABA Journal, May 28, 2020. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  38. ↑ "2 law schools dinged for bar pass standard are now found to be in compliance". Stepanie Francis Ward, ABA Journal, August 25, 2020.
  39. ↑ "As Florida Coastal tries to get student loan funds reinstated, ABA seeks teach-out plan". Stephanie Francis Ward, ABA Journal, April 6, 2021.
  40. 1 2 3 "Florida Coastal's proposed teach-out plan dinged by ABA's legal ed section because of lack of details". Stephanie Francis Ward, ABA Journal, April 27, 2021. Retrieved April 30, 2021.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.