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Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted. The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in color from dark grey, bright yellow, or deep purple to rusty red. The iron is usually found in the form of magnetite (Fe
3O
4, 72.4% Fe), hematite (Fe
2O
3, 69.9% Fe), goethite (FeO(OH), 62.9% Fe), limonite (FeO(OH)·n(H2O), 55% Fe) or siderite (FeCO3, 48.2% Fe).
ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih is Ukraine's largest integrated steel company, founded in 1934 and located in Kryvyi Rih, in central Ukraine.
Ferrexpo plc is a Swiss-based commodity trading and mining company which is the third largest exporter of iron ore pellets in the world. Ferrexpo's operating base is in central Ukraine, where it operates three iron-ore mines and an iron ore pellet production facility. The company's trading office is located in London where it is listed on the London Stock Exchange and it is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index and FTSE4Good Index.
Metal production, in particular iron and steel industry, is the dominant heavy industry in Ukraine. Ukraine is the world's eighth largest producer and third largest exporter of iron and steel (2007). Ukrainian iron and steel industry accounts for around 2% of worldwide crude steel output, 5% to 6% of the national gross domestic product and 34% of Ukrainian export revenue. In 2007 it employed 420,000 people – 10% of industrial labor and 2% of the total workforce. It has the highest, by a wide margin, revealed comparative advantage of all branches of the Ukrainian economy. The industry peaked at 42.8 million tonnes in 2007 but has been gravely affected by the financial crisis of 2007–2010 and declined to 29.8 million tonnes in 2009.
The Ghelari mine was a large open pit, also an underground iron ore mine in the western of Romania in Hunedoara County, 20 km south-west of Hunedoara and 411 km north-west of the capital, Bucharest. Ghelari represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Romania having estimated reserves of 14 million tonnes of ore. The mine produced around 200,000 tonnes of iron ore/year.
Northern Iron Ore Beneficiation Works (PivnGZK) was built and launched in Kryvyi Rih in 1963 and is one of several iron ore dressing complexes around Kryvyi Rih. Along with Ingulets Iron Ore dressing Works and Central Iron Ore Enrichment Works, it belongs to Ukrainian holding company Metinvest.
Metinvest is an international group of steel and mining companies that owns operations in Ukraine, Italy, Bulgaria, the UK and the US, mines ore and coal, produces coke, smelts steel and produces rolled products, pipes and other steel products. The group's assets are managed by Metinvest Holding LLC.
The Shymanivske mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Dnepr Oblast. Shymanivske represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 834 million tonnes of ore grading 32% iron metal.
The Gorishne-Plavninskoye Lavrikovskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Gorishne represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 3.7 billion tonnes of ore grading 30% iron metal.
The Yeristovskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Yeristovskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 1.19 billion tonnes of ore grading 32% iron metal.
The Belanovskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Belanovskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 1.7 billion tonnes of ore grading 31% iron metal. The mine is 2km north of the Yeristovskoye mine and immediately south of the Zarudenskoye mine, both which are also iron deposits owned by Ferrexpo.
The Zarudenskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Zarudenskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 1.5 billion tonnes of ore grading 31% iron metal. The deposit sits immediately north of the operational Belanovskoye mine, and immediately south of the undeveloped Vasilievskoye mine.
The Vasilievskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Vasilievskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 1.4 billion tonnes of ore grading 31% iron metal. The deposit sits immediately north of the Zarudenskoye mine, and immediately south of the Kharchenkovskoye mine.
The Kharchenkovskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Kharchenkovskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 2.8 billion tonnes of ore grading 30% iron metal. The mine sits immediately north of Vasilievskoye mine and immediately south of Manuilovskoye mine.
The Manuilovskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Manuilovskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world. It is estimated that it has reserves of 3.5 billion tonnes of ore grading 30% iron metal. The mine sits immediately north of the Kharchenkovskoye mine and immediately south of the Brovarkovskoye mine.
The Brovarkovskoye mine is a large iron mine located in central Ukraine in the Poltava Oblast. Brovarkovskoye represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Ukraine and in the world having estimated reserves of 4 billion tonnes of ore grading 30% iron metal. The mine sits immediately north of the Manuilovskoye mine.
The Cacova Ierii mine is a large open pit mine in the north-western of Romania in Cluj County. Cacova Ierii represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Romania having estimated reserves of 16.6 million tonnes of ore grading 42% iron metal. The mine has the capability to produce around 415,000 tonnes of iron ore/year.
The Sukha Balka mine is a large iron mine located in western Russia in the Sverdlovsk Oblast. Evrazruda represents one of the largest iron ore reserves in Russia and in the world having estimated reserves of 585.2 million tonnes of ore grading 58% iron metal. It is owned by the DCH of the Ukrainian business and investor Oleksandr Yaroslavskyi. Among DCH's other holder are the Dnieper Metallurgical Combine and the Kharkiv Tractor Plant.
References
- ↑ "Modernisation of iron ore plant in Ukraine" (PDF). abb.com. 2012. Retrieved 2013-06-17.