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Hypothyroidism is a disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. It can cause a number of symptoms, such as poor ability to tolerate cold, a feeling of tiredness, constipation, slow heart rate, depression, and weight gain. Occasionally there may be swelling of the front part of the neck due to goiter. Untreated cases of hypothyroidism during pregnancy can lead to delays in growth and intellectual development in the baby or congenital iodine deficiency syndrome.
Human nutrition deals with the provision of essential nutrients in food that are necessary to support human life and good health. Poor nutrition is a chronic problem often linked to poverty, food security, or a poor understanding of nutritional requirements. Malnutrition and its consequences are large contributors to deaths, physical deformities, and disabilities worldwide. Good nutrition is necessary for children to grow physically and mentally, and for normal human biological development.
Micronutrients are essential dietary elements required by organisms in varying quantities throughout life to orchestrate a range of physiological functions to maintain health. Micronutrient requirements differ between organisms; for example, humans and other animals require numerous vitamins and dietary minerals, whereas plants require specific minerals. For human nutrition, micronutrient requirements are in amounts generally less than 100 milligrams per day, whereas macronutrients are required in gram quantities daily.
Iodised salt is table salt mixed with a minute amount of various salts of the element iodine. The ingestion of iodine prevents iodine deficiency. Worldwide, iodine deficiency affects about two billion people and is the leading preventable cause of intellectual and developmental disabilities. Deficiency also causes thyroid gland problems, including endemic goitre. In many countries, iodine deficiency is a major public health problem that can be cheaply addressed by purposely adding small amounts of iodine to the sodium chloride salt.
Iodine deficiency is a lack of the trace element iodine, an essential nutrient in the diet. It may result in metabolic problems such as goiter, sometimes as an endemic goiter as well as congenital iodine deficiency syndrome due to untreated congenital hypothyroidism, which results in developmental delays and other health problems. Iodine deficiency is an important global health issue, especially for fertile and pregnant women. It is also a preventable cause of intellectual disability.
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References
- 1 2 3 "ICCIDD Global network". International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
- ↑ "About the IGN". Iodine Global Network. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
In 2014, the organization was renamed the Iodine Global Network (IGN).
- ↑ "Internet Archive snapshot of ICCIDD Global Network homepage from December 6, 2014". Archived from the original on December 6, 2014. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ↑ "Internet Archive snapshot of Iodine Global Network homepage from December 20, 2014". Archived from the original on December 20, 2014. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) This snapshot can be accessed from https://web.archive.org/web/20141217131809/http://iccidd.org/ which redirects to the ign.org snapshot. - ↑ "Joint WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD consultation". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
- ↑ "International Council for Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD)". World Health Organization . Retrieved May 23, 2014.
- ↑ "Salt Iodization: Now Accepting Technical Proposals in Pakistan". Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition. Archived from the original on May 24, 2014. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
- ↑ "International Partners in the Global Effort to Eliminate IDD". International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
- ↑ "International Council for Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD)". International Union of Nutritional Sciences . Retrieved May 23, 2014.
