James Colleton | |
|---|---|
| 7th Governor of South Carolina | |
| In office 1686–1690 | |
| Monarch | Mary II William III |
| Preceded by | Joseph Morton |
| Succeeded by | Seth Sothell |
| Personal details | |
| Died | 1706 Barbados [1] |
| Signature |  |
James Colleton (d. c. 1706) was a governor of the English proprietary Province of Carolina from 1686 to 1690.
Son of Sir John Colleton,one of the colony's founders,he took over some of the family's landholdings in Barbados before being appointed governor by the colony's proprietors. [1] Upon his arrival in the colony he put a stop to a planned expedition against Spanish St. Augustine,organized in retaliation for an earlier attack against Charles Town. Since England and Spain were then at peace,the proprietors approved his action,much to the annoyance of the local leaders. He further angered the colonists by maintaining the government according to the colony's Fundamental Constitutions in the face of popular opposition.
In 1687 the Lords Proprietors wrote to Colleton,angry that a member of his Grand Council had been abetting pirates. John Boone had been removed from the Council for smuggling supplies to Henry Holloway and a pirate named Chapman,and helping hide their loot. The Proprietors excoriated Colleton when Boone was allowed back on the Council:"This must not be. Men convicted of such misdemeanours must not be chosen again and restored. ... We are sorry to see the proneness of the Parliament of Carolina to such proceedings,and hope that they will not occur again." [2]
By 1690 Colleton and the provincial assembly were at loggerheads,and Colleton attempted to rule without the assembly. This resulted in open resistance to his rule,prompting him to declare martial law,although he quickly retracted this when he could not even control the militia. He was turned out of office by the arrival in 1690 of Seth Sothel,one of the proprietors. [3]
Colleton was the Speaker of the House of Assembly of Barbados from 1700 to 1701. [4]
Robert Johnson (1682–1735) was the British colonial Governor of the Province of South Carolina in 1717–1719,and again from 1729 to 1735. Johnson ordered Colonel William Rhett to engage the notorious pirate Stede Bonnet's sloops in the Battle of Cape Fear River with the Charleston Militia on sea in 1718. His grandson was South Carolina Senator Ralph Izard.
Province of South Carolina,originally known as Clarendon Province,was a province of Great Britain that existed in North America from 1712 to 1776. It was one of the five Southern colonies and one of the thirteen American colonies. The monarch of Great Britain was represented by the Governor of South Carolina,until the colonies declared independence on July 4,1776.
Province of North Carolina was a province of Great Britain that existed in North America from 1712(p. 80) to 1776. It was one of the five Southern colonies and one of the thirteen American colonies. The monarch of Great Britain was represented by the Governor of North Carolina,until the colonies declared independence on July 4,1776.
Province of Carolina was a province of England (1663–1707) and Great Britain (1707–1712) that existed in North America and the Caribbean from 1663 until partitioned into North and South on January 24,1712. It is part of present-day Alabama,Georgia,Mississippi,North Carolina,South Carolina,Tennessee,and The Bahamas.
James Moore was an Irish colonial administrator and military officer who served as the governor of Carolina from 1700 to 1703. He is best known for leading several invasions of Spanish Florida during Queen Anne's War,including attacks in 1704 and 1706 which wiped out most of the Spanish missions in Florida. He captured and brought back to Carolina as slaves thousands of Apalachee Indians.
A lord proprietor is a person granted a royal charter for the establishment and government of an English colony in the 17th century. The plural of the term is "lords proprietors" or "lords proprietary".
The history of the colonial period of South Carolina focuses on the English colonization that created one of the original Thirteen Colonies. Major settlement began after 1651 as the northern half of the British colony of Carolina attracted frontiersmen from Pennsylvania and Virginia,while the southern parts were populated by wealthy English people who set up large plantations dependent on slave labor,for the cultivation of cotton,rice,and indigo.
Sir John Colleton,1st Baronet (1608–1666) served King Charles I during the English Civil War. He rose through the Royalist ranks during the conflict,but later had his land-holdings seized when the Cavaliers were finally defeated by Parliamentary forces. Following the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660,he was one of eight individuals rewarded with grants of land in Carolina by King Charles II for having supported his efforts to regain the throne.
The Frame of Government of Pennsylvania was a proto-constitution for the Province of Pennsylvania,a proprietary colony granted to William Penn by Charles II of England. The Frame of Government has lasting historical importance as an important step in the development of American and world democracy.
Philip Cottington Ludwell was a British colonial soldier and official who served on the Virginia Governor's Council of State and briefly as Speaker of the House of Burgesses,as well as operated plantations in Virginia using enslaved labor. He also served as the first governor of the Carolinas,during the colony's transition from proprietary rule to royal colony.
Jesse Wharton was the 7th Proprietary Governor of Maryland during a brief period in 1676. He was appointed by the royally chartered proprietor of Maryland,Charles Calvert,3rd Baron Baltimore. Following his death,Wharton was briefly succeeded by Cecil Calvert,infant son of Charles Calvert,before the next Governor,Thomas Notley,was appointed.
William Joseph was the 11th Proprietary Governor of Maryland from 1688 to 1689. He was appointed by the colony's proprietor Charles Calvert,3rd Baron Baltimore. Joseph attempted to maintain control of the colony in the proprietor's name,but religious turmoil related to the Glorious Revolution in England led to Joseph's being removed from office by Protestant colonists and the Calvert family losing control of the colony.
Charles Carroll (1661–1720),sometimes called Charles Carroll the Settler to differentiate him from his son and grandson,was a wealthy lawyer and planter in colonial Maryland. Carroll,a Catholic,is best known because his efforts to hold office in the Protestant-dominated colony resulted in the disfranchisement of the colony's Catholics.
Sir Nicholas Trott was an 18th-century British judge,legal scholar and writer. He had a lengthy legal and political career in Charleston,South Carolina and served as the colonial chief justice from 1703 until 1719. He came from a prosperous English family;his grandfather Perient Trott having been a husband of the Somers Isles Company and his uncle Sir Nicholas Trott served as the governor of the Bahamas. Sir Nicholas,like his nephew,was also involved in dealings with pirates and,to avoid confusion,is often referred to as Nicholas the Elder.
Seth Sothel was a colonial American proprietor and governor of the Province of Carolina. He ruled the northern portion,Albemarle Sound,in 1678 and the southern portion from 1690 to 1692. He died in North Carolina in about 1694.
Joseph Morton was an early colonist and governor of the Province of Carolina. Although he was not one of Carolina's Lords Proprietors,Morton was influential in the recruitment of religious dissenters to migrate to the new colony. In 1680 he led a group of dissenters to what is now South Carolina,settling Edisto Island. In 1682 he was appointed governor of the colony by the proprietors,but due to disagreements with the proprietors was replaced in 1684. A second appointment in 1686 lasted only one month before he was supplanted by James Colleton. Morton had been in the process of organizing an expedition against Spanish Florida,which the colonists believed was harboring pirates operating against the colony's coastal settlements. Colleton immediately put a stop to the expedition,since England and Spain were then at peace.
Robert Sandford was an English explorer of the Province of Carolina in the 17th century on behalf of the eight Lords Proprietor of the Province of Carolina. He followed Captain William Hilton in the search for sites on the Carolina coast for establishing English settlements after the charter of 1663. Both Sandford and Hilton's expeditions were based in Barbados,and Sandford was patronized by English planters in Barbados,including James Drax.
Robert Gibbes was an English Landgrave,chairman and acting governor of the province of South Carolina between 1710-1712. Although he was elected acting governor by the Executive Council between the three proprietary deputies of former governor,Edward Tynte,after his death,received one vote more than his opponent Thomas Broughton,getting it through bribery. This sparked a conflict between both the oppositions and their supporters which finished with the Lords Proprietors declaring the election of Gibbes illegal and the appointment of Charles Craven as governor of South Carolina in 1711,who didn't arrive until 1712.
Henry Holloway was a pirate active off the American east coast,from South Carolina to Maine.
The Revolution of 1719 was a bloodless military coup in the Province of South Carolina which resulted in the overthrow of the Lords Proprietors and the installation of Colonel James Moore,Jr. as the colony's de facto ruler. The Revolution of 1719 led to the permanent end of proprietary rule in South Carolina and its recreation as a crown colony.
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