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References
- ↑ "Negro Wins in E. St Louis". The New York Times . April 7, 1971.
- ↑ "Radical Mayor Wins in Madison". The New York Times . April 2, 1975.
- ↑ "Obituary: James E. Williams". St. Louis Post-Dispatch . February 14, 1983.
- 1 2 "Lillian Croom Williams, wife of East St. Louis' first black mayor, dies at 97". Belleville News-Democrat . 2019-09-30. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
- ↑ "James E. Williams Sr., a political independent who battled". United Press International . 1983-02-14. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
- ↑ "James E. Williams, Jr". JAG-Missouri. Retrieved 2020-12-12.