Javad Hakimli | |
---|---|
Nickname(s) | Акимов (Akimov) |
Born | Lyambyali, Noyemberyan region, Armenia SSR | October 20, 1914
Died | February 27, 2006 91) Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan | (aged
Allegiance | Soviet Union SFR Yugoslavia |
Rank | Senior Lieutenant |
Unit | 9th Corps of Yugoslav Partisans |
Commands held | 1st "Russian company" (Ruska četa) of the 1st Battalion of the 3rd Slovenian Brigade |
Battles/wars | Battle of Stalingrad World War II in Yugoslavia |
Senior Lieutenant Javad Hakimli was an Azerbaijani-Soviet guerrilla who commanded a Soviet POW battalion of the Yugoslav Partisans during World War II.
He is most noted for being the commander of Mehdi Huseynzade, a Hero of the Soviet Union whose military exploits he recounted after the war.[ citation needed ]
Javad Hakimli was born on October 20, 1914, in the village of Lyambyali in the Noyemberyan region of the Armenian SSR. [1]
He finished school in Tbilisi which was then the capital city of the Transcaucasian SFSR (which included Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia) and continued his studies specializing in tobacco cultivation in the Crimean ASSR. [2]
In the first days of the war, Javad a graduate of the Tbilisi and Ordzhonikidze Military School was sent to the Crimean Front. In 1942, in the Kalach District of Russia he was seriously wounded in battle and captured by the Wehrmacht, later receiving treatment in a hospital in Pryluky. [3] Javad was soon transferred to Mirgorod, where he encountered fellow Soviet POW Mehdi Huseynzade. [4]
Javad Hakimli spent one and a half years in the German POW camps in Northern Italy and Yugoslavia. [5] In February 1944, Javad was near Trieste in the village of Vila Opicina with fellow Soviet POWs Mehdi Huseynzade and Asad Gurbanov escaped into the Slovenian woods, where they joined up with the 9th Corps of the Yugoslav Partisans. [6] [7] Javad later took part in Vila Opicina's liberation in collaboration with Josip Broz Tito's army, where on May 3, 1945, he crossed the streets of the city with his companions. [8]
Javad formed and became the commander of the 1st "Russian company" and Mehdi Huseynzade (Partisan pseudonym "Mikhailo") was appointed deputy commander for political affairs eventually to transition to a sabotage and reconnaissance role. [9] According to the recollections of Javad Hakimli, "Mehdi caused such fear that the Germans were even afraid to go out into the city alone", "it seemed to them that ‘Mikhailo’ was the name of a large detachment commanded by the hero". [10]
Javad’s battalion quickly manifested their combat capability in March 1944, after an attack on the German-held town of Godovič, which was noted by the Yugoslav command as among the most distinguished. [11] On 7th August 1944, on the decision of the command of the 9th Corps, the company was transferred to the 2nd "Russian" battalion of the 18th Slovene Brigade, in which its fighters fought until the end of the war. [12]
Mehdi Huseynzade was killed on November 1944 in a village of Vitovlje in the Vipava Valley and was hastily buried by local residents. It was Javad Hakimli who insisted that "Mikhailo" be reburied according to Muslim custom with full honours, he personally washed Mehdi’s body, wrapped it in silk from a parachute in replacement of a shroud with his face directed towards Mecca. The first inscription on the homemade obelisk above Mehdi’s grave was carved by Javad himself. [6] [13]
Another Soviet Partisan of Georgian origin, David Tatuashvili, described the funeral as follows:
"The first monument in his honour was sculpted by Javad Hakimli, while I built the tomb despite the tears streaming down my face, I carved a star for Mikhailo". [14]
Yugoslav leader Josip Broz Tito honoured Javad with the "Order for Bravery" and the "Partisan of Yugoslavia". [15]
Repatriated to Podolsk in the USSR in late 1945 he passed a background check and interrogation from the counter-intelligence unit SMERSH. According to Javad Hakimli, it was in Podolsk he personally wrote an alibi and description of Mehdi Huseynzadeh to the KGB archives of the SMERSH, so that Mehdi would not be considered a traitor or a defector. Few years after in 1957, the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union to Mehdi Huseynzade. [6]
After demobilisation in December 1946, Javad first went to Baku to notify the family of Mehdi Huseynzade of his exploits in Yugoslavia and to hand over his personal belongings (jacket, silver cigarette case, ring, pocket Franco-Russian dictionary, etc.). He later returned to his village in Lyambyali in the Armenian SSR. [6]
In 1963, Javad published a book in Yerevan entitled ‘Intiqam’ (Revenge), about Mehdi Huseynzade’s military feats and the Partisan war in Yugoslavia. [6]
From 1989, he lived with his family in Baku, was a member of the Veterans Council and met with young people to share his war experiences. [16]
In an interview in 1998, "My character was very difficult from my youth," Javad Hakimli recollected, "I hardly met people, but Mehdi for some reason fell in love with me brotherly. He became attached to me with his heart and soul. Do you know how I protect it? He did not allow him to risk himself once more, every time he worried, worried when Mehdi was going to another task or subversive action. Sometimes he and I knew about his future diversionary acts. I frequently changed passwords, for example, today the password was ‘Sun over the Adriatic’, and tomorrow: ‘On the coast - a gusty wind’". [6]
In October 2004, Javad Hakimli celebrated his 90th birthday at a Baku restaurant amongst members of Mehdi Huseynzade's and his own family in addition to the Slovenian Consul in Baku, Borut Megushar who conveyed his congratulations on behalf of Slovenia for Javad's personal contributions to the war effort with greetings from the surviving Slovenian Partisans and veterans of the war. [6] Javad Hakimli died in Baku on February 27, 2006.
Franc Rozman, nom de guerre Stane or Stane Mlinar, was a Slovene Partisan commander in World War II.
SMERSH was an umbrella organization for three independent counter-intelligence agencies in the Red Army formed in late 1942 or even earlier, but officially announced only on 14 April 1943. The name SMERSH was coined by Joseph Stalin. The formal justification for its creation was to subvert the attempts by Nazi German forces to infiltrate the Red Army on the Eastern Front.
Drastamat Kanayan, better known as Dro (Դրօ), was an Armenian military commander and politician. He was a member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation. He briefly served as Defence Minister of the First Republic of Armenia in 1920, during the country's brief independence. During World War II, he led the Armenian Legion, which consisted of Armenian POWs who opted to fight for Nazi Germany rather than face the brutal conditions of the Nazis' camps.
Hazi Aslanov was an Azerbaijani major-general of the Soviet armoured troops during World War II. He was awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union title twice. The second Hero title was posthumously awarded in 1991, by Mikhail Gorbachev, at the constant recommendations by Heydar Aliyev.
The Serbian Volunteer Corps, also known as Ljotićevci, was the paramilitary branch of the fascist political organisation Zbor, and collaborated with the forces of Nazi Germany in the German-occupied territory of Serbia during World War II.
Ahmad Javad was an Azerbaijani poet who is best known for writing the words of the National Anthem of Azerbaijan used under the 1918–1920 Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan, and again since 1991, and another poem named Chirpynirdi gara deniz. He was later arrested by the Soviet regime and executed on October 13, 1937, accused of trying to spread Musavat-inspired nationalism to young Azerbaijani poets.
The Slovene Home Guard, was a Slovene anti-Partisan collaborationist militia that operated during the 1943–1945 German occupation of the formerly Italian-occupied Slovene Province of Ljubljana. The Guard consisted of former Village Sentries, part of Italian-sponsored Anti-Communist Volunteer Militia, re-organized under Nazi command after the Italian Armistice of September 1943.
The Russian Protective Corps was an armed force composed of anti-communist White Russian émigrés that was raised in the German occupied territory of Serbia during World War II. Commanded for almost its whole existence by Lieutenant General Boris Shteifon, it served primarily as a guard force for factories and mines between late 1941 and early 1944, initially as the "Separate Russian Corps" then Russian Factory Protective Group. It was incorporated into the Wehrmacht on 1 December 1942 and later clashed with the communist-led Yugoslav Partisans and briefly with the Chetniks. In late 1944, it fought against the Red Army during the Belgrade Offensive, later withdrawing to Bosnia and Slovenia as the German forces retreated from Yugoslavia and Greece. After Shteifon′s death in Zagreb, the Independent State of Croatia, on 30 April 1945, Russian Colonel Anatoly Rogozhin took over and led his troops farther north to surrender to the British in southern Austria. Unlike most other Russian formations that fought for Nazi Germany, Rogozhin and his men, who were not formally treated as Soviet citizens, were exempt from forced repatriation to the Soviet Union and were eventually set free and allowed to resettle in the West.
Ziya Musa oglu Bunyadov was an Azerbaijani historian, academician, and Vice-President of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan. As a historian, he also headed the Institute of History of the Azerbaijani Academy of Sciences for many years. Bunyadov was a World War II veteran and Hero of the Soviet Union.
Lieutenant Mehdi Huseynzade was an Azerbaijani guerrilla and scout during World War II. He was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on 11 April 1957.
The Azerbaijani Legion was one of the foreign units of the Wehrmacht. It was formed in December 1941 on the Eastern Front as the Kaukasische-Mohammedanische Legion and was re-designated 1942 into two separate legions, the North Caucasian legion and the Azerbaijani legion. It was made up mainly of former Azerbaijani POW volunteers but also volunteers from other peoples in the area. It was part of the Ostlegionen. It was used to form the 162nd (Turkistan) Infanterie-Division of the Wehrmacht in 1943. similar to other Ostlegionen, it was organised to replenish the dwindling German manpower on the Eastern front and to "save the German blood at the front"
Mario Reali was an Italian poet and writer and a prominent expert in natural gas and oil. He received the highest Russian decoration of the energy industry: "Meritorious Worker of Gas Industry of Russian Federation", in 1999 and in 2005 from Gazprom.
Novxanı is a village and municipality in the Absheron District of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 4,468. The name means new house in Persian language.
Fuad Hasan oglu Abdurahmanov was a popular Azerbaijani monument sculptor. He received many awards, including: Honored Worker of Arts of the Azerbaijan SSR (1943), People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR (1955), the first Azerbaijani to become a corresponding member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR (1949), and Laureate of the State Stalin Prize two times.
First Partisan battalion Pino Budicin was a military unit of the” Vladimir Gortan” Brigade, 43rd Division of the 4th Army Corps of the Yugoslav National Liberation Army during World War II. The battalion was almost entirely made up of Italians, most of them from the former Italian region of Istria.
Ivan Rukavina was army general of the Yugoslav People's Army, People's Hero of Yugoslavia and politician.
On distant shores is a 1958 Soviet-era Azerbaijani war film. Co-written by Imran Gasimov, Hasan Seyidbeyli, directed by Tofig Taghizade, the film portrays the life of the legendary Azerbaijani guerrilla of the Second World War Mehdi Huseynzade, who fought the Nazi forces in the present-day Italy and Slovenia, hence the film's name On distant shores referring to the Adriatic Sea.
Habibullah Huseynov was an Iranian Azerbaijani Red Army colonel and a posthumous Hero of the Soviet Union. Huseynov emigrated to Baku, working as a loader and a fitter. He was drafted into the Red Army on a Komsomol direction in 1928 and became an artillery officer. He was arrested and imprisoned as an Iranian spy during the Great Purge. He was released months later and became an anti-aircraft artillery battalion commander, serving in this role during World War II.
Khydyr Hasan oglu Mustafayev was an Azerbaijani Soviet Army Colonel and a Hero of the Soviet Union. Mustafayev was awarded the title on 10 January 1944 for his leadership of a battalion in the capture of Fastiv. Mustafayev retired from the army in 1954 and worked in senior positions in the party and government.
Mehdi Huseynzade Monument - is a monument to the Azerbaijani partisan of the Second World War, Hero of the Soviet Union, Mekhti Huseynzade, and was installed in 1973 in the capital of Azerbaijan, Baku, in the park along the Bakikhanov street near the northern entrance into the city. The sculptor is Fuad Abdurakhmanov, the Peoples Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR, the architect is Mikael Useinov, the Peoples Architect of the USSR.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)