Jayaprabha (born 1957) is an Indian critic and poet writing in Telugu. She is considered a pioneer of the feminist movement in Telugu literary criticism and poetry. [1] [2] [3] Jayaprabha's poetry focusses on women's issues, their problems and strengths and often attacks established gender norms. [4] [5]
Jayaprabha was born on 29 July 1957. She did her master's degree in Telugu literature and acquired a Ph.D. from Osmania University for her thesis on the progress and status of Telugu drama. [6] She currently lives in Secundrabad.
In 1981 Jayaprabha and K. Satyavathi started a feminist monthly Lohita. Her first collection of poems "Yuddhonmukhamga" (Towards War) was published in 1984. [7]
Jayaprabha's second book of poems "Vaamanudi Moodo Paadam" (Third foot of Vamana) was published in 1988. This collection contained two of her landmark feminist poems 'Chupulu' (Stares) and 'Pytani tagaleyyali' (Burn the saree). Chupulu translated as 'looks' or sometimes 'stares' is a poem about the male gaze. It begins with the poet-persona describing the assault of stares she endures daily and ends with the poet hoping for the day when women can return the stares and reclaim public spaces for themselves. [8] [9] In 'Pytani tagaleyyali' (Burn the saree) Jayaprabha equates the saree with confirmity to traditional gender norms and says women must abandon the saree in order to break free from traditional gender norms. [10] [11]
In 1988 Jayaprabha published "Bhavo Kavitvamlo Stri" a critique of women in Telugu romantic poetry. The study criticised the representation of women in the works of major male poets. Considered a pioneering work of feminist criticism of Telugu literature, it attracted both controversy and accolades. For a while it was prescribed reading in Bangalore University. [12]
In 1991 another collection of poems "Ikkad Kursini Varsham, Ekkadi Maghanidi?" (The Rain that Falls Here, Where is The Cloud From?) was published. [13] She also published a revised version of her Ph.D. thesis on Telugu theatre "Naalugo Goda" (Fourth Wall) in the same year.
"Unforeseen Affection And Other Poems" was published in 2005. It contains a selection of her Telugu love poems translated into English by P. V. Narasimha Rao, former Prime Minister of India. [14]
Her poems have also been published in numerous national and international anthologies. [15]
Akka Mahadevi ಅಕ್ಕ ಮಹಾದೇವಿ (c.1130–1160) was one of the early female poets of the Kannada literature and a prominent person in the Lingayatism sect of Hinduism in the 12th century. Her 430 extant Vachana poems, and the two short writings called Mantrogopya and the Yogangatrividhi are considered her most notable contribution to Kannada literature. She composed fewer poems than other saints of the movement. The term Akka is an honorific given to her by great Lingayat saints such as Basavanna, Siddharama and Allamaprabhu and an indication of her high place in the spiritual discussions held at the "Anubhava Mantapa". She is seen as an inspirational woman in Kannada literature and in the history of Karnataka. She considered the god Shiva as her husband,.
Tarabai Shinde (1850–1910) was a feminist activist who protested patriarchy and caste in 19th century India. She is known for her published work, Stri Purush Tulana, originally published in Marathi in 1882. The pamphlet is a critique of upper-caste patriarchy, and is often considered the first modern Indian feminist text. It was very controversial for its time in challenging the Hindu religious scriptures themselves as a source of women's oppression, a view that continues to be controversial and debated today. She was a member of Satyashodhak Samaj.
Nabaneeta Dev Sen was an Indian writer and academic. After studying arts and comparative literature, she moved to the USA where she studied further. She returned to India and taught at several universities and institutes as well as serving in various positions in literary institutes. She published more than 80 books in Bengali: poetry, novels, short stories, plays, literary criticism, personal essays, travelogues, humour writing, translations and children's literature. She was awarded the Padma Shri in 2000 and the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1999.
Sugathakumari was an Indian poet and activist, who was at the forefront of environmental and feminist movements in Kerala, South India. Her parents were the poet and freedom fighter Bodheswaran and V. K. Karthiyayini Amma, a Sanskrit scholar. She was the founder secretary of the Prakrithi Samrakshana Samithi, an organisation for the protection of nature, and of Abhaya, a home for destitute women and a day-care centre for the mentally ill. She chaired the Kerala State Women's Commission. She played a prominent role in the Save Silent Valley protest.
Meena Alexander was an Indian American poet, scholar, and writer. Born in Allahabad, India, and raised in India and Sudan, Alexander later lived and worked in New York City, where she was a Distinguished Professor of English at Hunter College and the CUNY Graduate Center.
Bhandaru Acchamamba was one of the pioneers in the early stages of women's movement. She is regarded as one of the early feminist historians in India. Acchamamba studied Telugu, English and Hindi classics under her brother's guidance and became knowledgeable in literature and women's issues. She wrote several biographies of Telugu and British women, which laid path for future historians. Her stories reflect the social conditions of her times and women's issues.
Rajam Krishnan, was a feminist Tamil writer from Tamil Nadu, India.
Muthupalzhani was a Telugu speaking poet and devadasi attached to the court of Pratap Singh (1739–63), the Maratha king of Tanjore. Some commentators date her life to 1739-90, and her place of birth as Nagavasram in Thanjavur district. She is noted as a poet and scholar and particularly for her erotic epic Rādhikā-sāntvanam .This book was translated into Tamil by D.Uma Devi from university of Delhi
Dhiruben Gordhanbhai Patel is an Indian novelist, playwright and translator.
Madhuravani was a scholar and poet who lived in Thanjavur during the reign of the Thanjavur Nayak king Raghunatha Nayak. She is widely renowned for her Sanskrit translation of Raghunatha's Ramayana kavya. She also wrote many other Sanskrit works such as Kumarasambhavam and Naishadham. Tharu and Lalita says that she "could compose poetry in three languages and was an expert in ashtavadhanam ."
Rāmabhadrāmbā was a poet and consort of the Thanjavur Nayak king Raghunatha Nayak. She wrote the Sanskrit epic Raghunathabhyudayam, a biography of her husband. Ramabhadramba was also a disciple of the Telugu poet Chengalva Kalakavi. Tharu and Lalita says that she "could compose poetry in three languages and was an expert in Ashtavadhanam ." They also claim that she was a historian who left behind "accounts of the political and military events in Raghunandanayaka's reign" and has documented the presence of several women composers in the court.
Susie Tharu is an Indian writer, publisher, professor, editor and women's activist. Throughout her career and the founding of several women's activist organizations, Tharu has helped to highlight those issues in India.
The Rādhikā-sāntvanam is a poem composed by the Telugu Language poet and devadasi Muddupalani (1739–90) concerning the marital relationship of the deity Krishna, his aunt Radha and new wife Ila, and the appeasement of the jealousy of Radha.
Sajida Zaidi was an Indian educationist, writer in the Urdu language, and poet. For many years she was a professor and head of the Department of Education at the Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) until her 1966 retirement.
Zahida Zaidi was an Indian scholar, professor of English literature, poet, dramatist, playwright, and literary critic. Her literary contributions include more than 30 books in Urdu and English related to social, psychological, and philosophical aspects, and the translation of the literary works of Chekhov, Pirandello, Beckett, Sartre, and Ionesco. She produced and directed several plays of Indian and Western authors in Urdu and English. She received the Hum Sab Ghalib Award for Urdu drama awarded by the Ghalib Institute, Delhi, and the Kul Hind Bahadur Shah Zafar Award.
Popuri Lalita Kumari, popularly known by her pen name Volga, is Telugu poet and writer well known for her feminist perspective. She was born in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India. She won the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award in 2015 for her short story compilation 'Vimukta Kadha Samputi' in Telugu. Along with being a writer, she has also been a professor and head of scripting division in Tollywood. Her work initiated debates across the country about feminism, in times when the idea was hardly accepted. The Library of Congress has a collection of her most popular published works, including the English translations of selected short stories.
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Mary John Thottam, also identified as Sister Mary Benigna, was an Indian Catholic nun and a poet who wrote in Malayalam. She authored two mahakavyas, Marthoma Vijayam and Gandhi Jayanthi, a poetry anthology, Lokame Yathra, and other works. Pope Paul VI honoured her with the Benemerenti medal in 1971.
Razia Sajjad Zaheer was an Indian writer in the Urdu language, a translator, and a prominent member of the Progressive Writers Association. She won the Uttar Pradesh Sahitya Akademi Award as well as the Soviet Land Nehru Award.
Brahmotri Mohanty was an Odia writer who writes in Odia. She has written numerous collections of poems. She is best known for her poetry collection Drushtira Dyuti for which she won Odisha Sahitya Akademi Award in 1983.