Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Baudin Victor (23 October 1811 Nantua - 3 December 1851 Paris) was a French physician and deputy to the assembly in 1849 famous for having been killed on a barricade.
Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Baudin Victor (23 October 1811 Nantua - 3 December 1851 Paris) was a French physician and deputy to the assembly in 1849 famous for having been killed on a barricade.
He studied medicine in Lyon and Paris. He served as a medical officer in Algeria, where he met Eugène Cavaignac.
Baudin was initiated into Freemasonry on 15 June 1842, at the Lodge Hall Friends of Honor French, which was suspended in 1846.
Elected on 13 May 1849, he sat with representatives of the Mountain, and is part of the resistance committee organized by the Republicans to try to raise the workers of the Faubourg Saint-Antoine against the coup d'etat of 2 December 1851, of Prince Louis Napoleon Bonaparte (later Emperor Napoleon III).
During the insurrection caused by the coup, a barricade was erected on 3 December by the workers of the Sainte-Marguerite, who were joined by several members, including: Pierre Malardier, member of Nièvre and Baudin, representative of the Ain to the legislative assembly in 1849. While Victor Schoelcher, accompanied by several MPs, without arms, went out to meet a company of the 19th line coming from the Place de la Bastille with the intention to negotiate with the soldiers, laborers mocked these representatives of the people, saying: "Do you think we'll get us killed for you to keep your five dollars a day!" Baudin, flag in hand, mounted on the barricade stared and said: "You'll see how to die for five dollars!" It was at that time a rock wounded a soldier of 19th line. His comrades immediately replied angrily, and Baudin fell, mortally wounded. The word repeatedly reported is however not attested by any eyewitness. It appears in the historical narrative of journalist Eugene Ténot of Paris in December 1851 written in 1868.
A public subscription was then launched by the newspaper The Rise to raise a monument to martyr of freedom. This initiative earned Louis Charles Delescluze, publisher of a trial in which Léon Gambetta, then a young lawyer, distinguished himself.
The monument, located behind the Place de la Bastille on the avenue Ledru-Rollin near the spot where he was killed, was dismantled in 1942 to be melted under a law of the Vichy government to "recovery Nonferrous Metals". The mayor of Paris has recently refused to reinstate it. The city, however, gave in 1978 the name of rue Alphonse Baudin in a new way the 11th arrondissement.
He was buried secretly at Montmartre Cemetery, where his grave became a place of rendezvous for Republicans. His remains were deposited in the Panthéon, Paris, on 4 August 1889 for the centennial of the French Revolution. [1]
Napoleon III was the first president of France from 1848 to 1852, and the last monarch of France as Emperor of the French from 1852 until he was deposed in absentia on 4 September 1870.
The Hôtel des Invalides, commonly called Les Invalides, is a complex of buildings in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France, containing museums and monuments, all relating to the military history of France, as well as a hospital and an Old Soldiers' retirement home, the building's original purpose. The buildings house the Musée de l'Armée, the military museum of the Army of France, the Musée des Plans-Reliefs, and the Musée d'Histoire Contemporaine. The complex also includes the former hospital chapel, now national cathedral of the French military, and the adjacent former Royal Chapel known as the Dôme des Invalides, the tallest church building in Paris at a height of 107 meters. The latter has been converted into a shrine of some of France's leading military figures, most notably the tomb of Napoleon.
The Prix de Rome or Grand Prix de Rome was a French scholarship for arts students, initially for painters and sculptors, that was established in 1663 during the reign of Louis XIV of France. Winners were awarded a bursary that allowed them to stay in Rome for three to five years at the expense of the state. The prize was extended to architecture in 1720, music in 1803 and engraving in 1804. The prestigious award was abolished in 1968 by André Malraux, then Minister of Culture, following the May 68 riots that called for cultural change.
Léon Gambetta was a French lawyer and republican politician who proclaimed the French Third Republic in 1870 and played a prominent role in its early government.
Louis-Eugène Cavaignac was a French general and politician who served as head of the executive power of France between June and December 1848, during the French Second Republic.
Victor Schœlcher was a French abolitionist, writer, politician and journalist, best known for his leading role in the abolition of slavery in France in 1848, during the Second Republic.
The Musée Carnavalet in Paris is dedicated to the history of the city. The museum occupies two neighboring mansions: the Hôtel Carnavalet and the former Hôtel Le Peletier de Saint Fargeau. On the advice of Baron Haussmann, the civil servant who transformed Paris in the latter half of the 19th century, the Hôtel Carnavalet was purchased by the Municipal Council of Paris in 1866; it was opened to the public in 1880. By the latter part of the 20th century, the museum was full to capacity. The Hôtel Le Peletier de Saint Fargeau was annexed to the Carnavalet and opened to the public in 1989.
The coup d'état of 2 December 1851 was a self-coup staged by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, at the time President of France under the Second Republic. Code-named Operation Rubicon and timed to coincide with the anniversary of Napoleon I's coronation and victory at Austerlitz, the coup dissolved the National Assembly, granted dictatorial powers to the president and preceded the establishment of the Second French Empire a year later.
Events from the year 1814 in France.
Pierre-Augustin Hulin was a French general under Napoleon Bonaparte who took part in the storming of the Bastille, the trial of the Duke d'Enghien, and the foiling of the Malet coup.
The Elephant of the Bastille was a monument in Paris which existed between 1813 and 1846. Originally conceived in 1808 by Napoleon I, the colossal statue was intended to be created out of bronze and placed in the Place de la Bastille, but only a plaster full-scale model was built. At 24 m (78 ft) in height, the model itself became a recognisable construction and was immortalised by Victor Hugo in his novel Les Misérables (1862) in which it is used as a shelter by the street urchin Gavroche. It was built at the site of the Bastille and, although part of the original construction remains, the elephant itself was replaced a few years later by the July Column (1835–40) constructed on the same spot.
Bertrand Théobald Joseph de Lacrosse was a French soldier and politician. He was twice Minister of Public Works during the French Second Republic.
The cabinet of Alphonse Henri d'Hautpoul was formed by President Louis Napoleon Bonaparte after he had dismissed the second cabinet of Odilon Barrot on 31 October 1849. The Hautpoul cabinet was made up of friends of the president rather than members of the assembly, and was led by Alphonse Henri d'Hautpoul.
Michel Goudchaux was a French banker and politician who was twice Minister of Finance during the French Second Republic. A firm Republican, he refused to accept the government of Napoleon III.
Ariste Jacques Trouvé-Chauvel was a French businessman, banker and politician. He was briefly Minister of Finance towards the end of 1848.
Ferdinand Flocon was a French journalist and politician who was one of the founding members of the Provisional Government at the start of the French Second Republic in 1848. He was Minister of Agriculture and Commerce for the Executive Commission of 1848. He opposed Louis Napoleon and was forced into exile in the Second French Empire (1852–1870).
Jacques Léon Clément-Thomas, was born in 1809 in Libourne (Gironde) and shot in Paris on 18 March 1871, one of the first deaths of the Paris Commune. A Republican of the old guard, Clément-Thomas was an army general, Commander in Chief of France's National Guard on two occasions, and a parliamentary deputy.
Émile Joseph Marie Piétri, known as Joachim Pietri, was a French lawyer and public servant who was prefect of several departments, a repressive police chief of Paris in the last years of the Second French Empire and Bonapartist Senator of Corsica from 1879 to 1885.
Félix Jean-Baptiste Chadenet was a French lawyer, civil servant and politician who twice represented the department of Meuse in the legislature. He had right wing views and supported Prince Louis-Napoleon before and after the 1851 coup that established the Second French Empire.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| People | |
| Other | |
