Jean-Baptiste Rauzan (December 5, 1757 - September 5, 1847) was a French Catholic priest.
Jean-Baptiste Rauzan (December 5, 1757 - September 5, 1847) was a French Catholic priest.
Jean-Baptiste Rauzan was born at Bordeaux [1] the eldest of seven children born to a well-to-do family. His father practiced law.
Rauzan began to study law, but soon entered the seminary run by the Vincentians. He was ordained a priest May 25, 1782. Two years later, he obtained the degree of Doctor of Theology from the University of Bordeaux. He then taught philosophy at the College of Guienne. He was assigned to the parish of Saint Projet, and taught for a time at the seminary of St. Raphael before returning to parish work.
During the French Revolution, he escaped to England, where he tended to the French Catholic refugees in London. In 1793, he went to Belgium. He had by now acquired a reputation as an effective preacher. With the arrival of the Revolutionary Army, he moved to Germany, eventually settling in Berlin. Much of his time was devoted to spiritual direction.
After the Revolution, he returned to France and took up residence in Paris, where he often preached at Notre-Dame-des-Champs and taught catechism. In 1802, Charles-François d'Aviau Du Bois de Sanzay, the newly installed Archbishop of Bordeaux, appointed Rauzan to a supervisory position. Among his duties was to survey parishes in and around the city and report on their condition, most of had suffered greatly. In 1804, he preached the Lenten services in Paris.
On the recommendation of d'Aviau, Cardinal Fesch, Archbishop of Lyons, asked Rauzan to form an association of priests to preach parish missions. Among those who joined him was Armand-Benjamin Caillau. [2] the Missionaries of France were so successful they won the support of Napoleon who gave them funds to defray expenses in conducting the missions. However, as the Emperor's relations with the Papacy cooled, the association of missionaries was suppressed.
In 1814, at the suggestion of Fesch, Rauzan revived the group. He was joined by Charles Auguste Marie Joseph, Count of Forbin-Janson, Vicar-General of the Diocese of Chambéry and others. The organization was based at Mont-Valérien, in the Parisian suburb of Suresnes. Rauzan founded the Congregation of the Sisters of St. Clotilde for the education of young ladies. [1]
In 1830, during the second Revolution, the Missionaries of France were dispersed and exiled and their house in Paris sacked. Rauzan went to Rome, where he was received by Pope Gregory XVI, who authorized him to found a new society, to be known as the Society of the Fathers of Mercy. The Papal Brief of approbation, which also contains the constitutions, was given 18 February 1834. [3]
In 1839, at the suggestion of Bishop Hughes, of New York, Forbin-Janson introduced the Fathers of Mercy into the United States.
Ferdinand Bach, the first superior in America, became the rector of the Cathedral of St. Louis in New Orleans. Correspondence between Bach and Rauzan is on file in the archives of the University of Notre Dame. [4]
Rauzan died in Paris, 5 September 1847.
Joseph Cardinal Fesch, Prince of the Empire was a French priest and diplomat, who was the maternal half-uncle of Napoleon Bonaparte. In the wake of his nephew, he became Archbishop of Lyon and cardinal. He was also one of the most famous art collectors of his period, remembered for having established the Musée Fesch in Ajaccio, which remains one of the most important Napoleonic collections of art.
John Baptist Purcell was an American prelate of the Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Cincinnati from 1833 to his death in 1883, and he was elevated to the rank of archbishop in 1850. He formed the basis of Father Ferrand, the Ohio-based "Irish by birth, French by ancestry" character in the prologue of Willa Cather's historical novel Death Comes for the Archbishop who goes to Rome asking for a bishop for New Mexico Territory.
Joseph-Octave Plessis was a Canadian Roman Catholic clergyman from Quebec. He was the first archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec after the diocese was elevated to the status of an archdiocese.
Stephen Theodore Badin was the first Catholic priest ordained in the United States. He spent most of his long career ministering to widely dispersed Catholics in Canada and in what became the states of Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois.
Hyacinthe-Louis De Quélen was an Archbishop of Paris.
The Fathers of Mercy, formally known as the Congregation of the Priests of Mercy, is a Catholic religious congregation of pontifical right of missionary priests founded by Jean-Baptiste Rauzan in early 19th-century France.
The Congrégation de Notre Dame (CND) is a religious community for women founded in 1658 in Ville Marie (Montreal), in the colony of New France, now part of Canada. It was established by Marguerite Bourgeoys, who was recruited in France to create a religious community in Ville Marie. She developed a congregation for women that was not cloistered; the sisters were allowed to live and work outside the convent. The congregation held an important role in the development of New France, as it supported women and girls in the colony and offered roles for them outside the home.
Jean-François Hubert,, bishop of Quebec, trained at the Sulpician seminary in Montreal. He was taken under the protection of Bishop Dubreil and served for a time as the bishop's secretary.
Armand-François-Marie de Charbonnel was the Bishop of Toronto from 1847 to 1860 and the only French and non-English priest to hold the post.
The Diocese of Nancy and Toul is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in France. After a considerable political struggle between Louis XV, Louis XVI, and the Dukes of Lorraine, the diocese was erected by Pope Pius VI on 17 December 1777. The Diocese of Nancy is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Besançon.
Charles-Auguste-Marie-Joseph, Count of Forbin-Janson, C.P.M., was a French aristocrat and prelate who was a founder of the Fathers of Mercy, established in an effort to re-evangelize the French people. He preached throughout North America, taking an active role in reviving the Catholic populations of the United States and Canada. He was influential in establishing an ultramontane stand in the Catholic Church in French-speaking Canada, an influence which would last for generations.
Célestin René Laurent Guynemer de la Hailandière was a French prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Vincennes from 1839 to 1847. He is perhaps best known for donating the land for the establishment of the University of Notre Dame.
The Pontifical Association of the Holy Childhood or Missionary Childhood Association, is a Catholic children's association for the benefit of foreign missions. It is one of four Pontifical Mission Societies and is dedicated to fostering children’s awareness of the missionary nature of the Church.
Armand-Benjamin Caillau was a French Catholic priest, a missionary and writer.
Maurice-Jean Madeleine de Broglie was a French aristocrat and bishop. He was the son of Marshal of France Victor-Francois, Duc de Broglie, created, by Emperor Francis I, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, a title which was to be hereditary in the family.
Jean-Martin Moye was a French Catholic priest who served as a missionary in China and was the founder of the Sisters of the Congregation of Divine Providence. He also organized the first expression of consecrated life among the women of China. He was beatified by the Catholic Church in 1954.
A parochial mission or parish mission is a special pastoral effort in the Catholic Church aimed at preaching to and instructing Catholic followers. These are "home missions" geared toward Catholics, distinguished from apostolic missions to make conversions among non-believers. Such missions may consist of systematic preaching and instruction, extending over a stated number of days, performed by authorized missionaries.
The name Missionaries of St. John the Baptist refers to three separate Roman Catholic associations under the patronage of Saint John the Baptist. The first was a relatively short-lived congregation of priests founded by Don Dominic Francis Olivieri in the eighteenth century to preach parish missions, mostly in Italy. The second is a congregation founded in 1948 by Johannes Haw in Leutesdorf, Germany. They remain active in Germany, Portugal, Mozambique and India. The third is an Association of the Faithful located in Park Hills, Kentucky, founded by two former members of the Fathers of Mercy to promote the Latin Mass.
The Parish of St. Vincent de Paul was a national parish of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York. Named for Vincent de Paul and founded in 1841, it was dedicated to serve the needs of the French-speaking population of the city. The parish church was located at 123 West 23rd Street, New York, New York. The parish was closed in January 2013.
Events from the year 1631 in France
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain . This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain . This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "The Fathers of Mercy". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company.
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