A contraction stress test (CST) is performed near the end of pregnancy to determine how well the fetus will cope with the contractions of childbirth. The aim is to induce contractions and monitor the fetus to check for heart rate abnormalities using a cardiotocograph. A CST is one type of antenatal fetal surveillance technique.
William Saul Kroger was an American medical doctor who pioneered the use of hypnosis in medicine and was co-founder and founder of medical societies and academies dedicated to furthering psychosomatic medicine and medical hypnosis.
Anne Barbara Michie Anderson was a Scottish reproductive physiologist, researcher, lecturer, and author. Her major contributions were for her research in reproductive physiology. In the last decade of her life, she broadened this to encompass more about women's health generally, including doing clinical trials and working with people focusing in on what would become evidence-based medicine.
Catharine Macfarlane (1877–1969) was an American obstetrician and gynecologist who founded one of the first screening centers for uterine cancer in the United States. She was the first woman fellow of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, and the first woman president of the Obstetrical Society of Philadelphia.
Dr Eugen Molodysky OAM, MMBS is an academic and medical practitioner in preventive medicine and translational research. His research has been published in peer reviewed journals over the last 30 years. He has a life-long professional focus on prevention, preclinical diagnosis and early intervention.
Janet L. Mitchell was an American physician known for her advances in perinatal HIV/AIDS treatment. During the early days of the AIDS epidemic in the U.S. Mitchell developed protocols for health treatment of pregnant women who were HIV positive or at risk for developing AIDS. She advocated against mandatory testing and testifying before Congress, she advocated in favor of an inclusive approach to health care and social services. One of her innovations derived from a study that saw a 70% decrease in HIV transmission to babies when AZT was administered to their mothers during the pregnancy.
Alice Benjamin is a Canadian specialist in fetal and maternal medicine.
Paul D. Blumenthal is an American physician, researcher, cervical cancer prevention advocate, and abortion provider who is certified in obstetrics and gynecology. He is known for his cervical cancer, abortion, and contraception research. He is also known for his commitment to international women’s health—evidenced by his contribution to public health initiatives in over 30 countries.
Jennifer R. Niebyl (1942) is a Canadian obstetrics and gynecology researcher and professor. She has made significant contributions to the understanding of drugs in pregnancy and lactation.
Senait Fisseha is an Ethiopian-American physician, lawyer and obstetrician-gynecologist. She specialized in endocrinology at the University of Michigan and received her Juris Doctor from Southern Illinois University. She is currently Vice-President of International Programs at the Susan Thompson Buffet Foundation. She became an advocate for global equity, working with African leaders and institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic. She also chaired the election campaign and transition of Tedros Adhanom, the first African Director General of the World Health Organization, in 2016-17.
Valerie Montgomery Rice is an American obstetrician, gynecologist, and college administrator. She is the president and dean of Morehouse School of Medicine.
Rebekah Elizabeth Gee is an American physician and public health policy expert who is Founder and CEO of Nest Health and served as the secretary of the Louisiana Department of Health from 2016 to 2020. As Secretary, Gee led the expansion of Medicaid.
Luella Mae Bare Voogd Klein-Colquitt was an American obstetrician-gynecologist. She was the Charles Howard Candler Professor at Emory University School of Medicine. She became the first female department chair in at Emory School of Medicine on March 1, 1986. She was the first female president of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Klein was an advocate for equality in healthcare for adolescent, low-income, incarcerated, and LGBTQI+ women, women of color, women with disabilities, women with HIV, and other underserved populations.
Carolyn Beth Sufrin is an American medical anthropologist and obstetrician-gynecologist. She is an assistant professor of gynecology and obstetrics at Johns Hopkins University.
Valerie Ellen Stone is an American physician who is a professor of medicine at the Harvard Medical School. She serves as Vice Chair for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital. She specializes in the management of HIV/AIDS, health disparities and improving the quality of medical education.
Monica Gandhi is an American physician and professor. She teaches medicine at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and is director of the UCSF Gladstone Center for AIDS Research and the medical director of the San Francisco General Hospital HIV Clinic, Ward 86. Her research considers HIV prevalence in women, as well as HIV treatment and prevention. She has been noted as a critic of some aspects of the COVID-19 lockdowns in the US.
Dineo Khabele is an American obstetrician who is Mitchell and Elaine Yanow Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Washington University School of Medicine. In 2019 Khabele was elected to the American Society for Clinical Investigation.
Katrina Alison Armstrong is an American internist. She is the chief executive officer of the Columbia University Irving Medical Center and Dean of the Faculties of Health Sciences and the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons. Armstrong is the first woman to lead Columbia's medical school and medical center. She was the first woman to hold the position of Physician-in-Chief at Massachusetts General Hospital and was elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2013 and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2020.
Deborah McColl Money is a Canadian obstetric and gynaecological infectious disease specialist. As a professor at the University of British Columbia, she was the first non-US President of the Infectious Diseases Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology from 2010 until 2012.
Camille Angela Clare is an American obstetrician and gynecologist. She is the Chair of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at SUNY Downstate Medical Center and Professor at the College of Medicine and the School of Public Health.
