Jennifer McElwain | |
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Academic background | |
Education | BA, Botany, 1993, Trinity College Dublin PhD, Paleobotany, 1997, Royal Holloway, University of London |
Thesis | Fossil stomatal parameters as indicators of palaeo-atmospheric CO←2 concentration through Phanerozoic time. (1997) |
Academic work | |
Institutions | Trinity College Dublin |
Jennifer Claire McElwain,MRIA,is an Irish researcher and educator,specialised in palaeobotany. She is a full professor in the Trinity College Dublin's (TCD) School of Natural Sciences,holding the 1711 Chair of Botany. She is also the Director of the Trinity College Botanic Garden. McElwain held the position of Assistant Curator of Paleobotany at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago between 2000 and 2003 and later that of Associate Curator of Paleobotany from 2003 until 2006.
McElwain was born into an academic family;her father was a chemical engineer and her mother was a gardener. When speaking of her childhood,she said:"I knew the Latin names of all the plants at the age of three. It was seeded early." [1] McElwain completed her Bachelor of Arts degree in Botany from Trinity College Dublin (TCD) in 1993 and her PhD in Paleobotany in 1997 from the Royal Holloway,University of London. [2] During her first year at TCD,she was influenced to pursue a career as a palaeobotanist after enrolling in a course focusing on quaternary palynology and geomorphology of the Irish landscape. [3] Following this,she was a Natural Environment Research Council postdoctoral student and a Leverhulme Postdoctoral Fellow between 1998 and 2000 at the University of Sheffield. [2] As a postgraduate student at Sheffield University,McElwain studied the impact carbon dioxide had on global warming by examining plant fossils collected in Greenland during the 1920s. [4] In order to gather the fossils,she led a team of scientists in Greenland for one month to collect over 1,000 fossils. [5]
While engaging in post-doctoral work at the University of Sheffield,McElwain also held the position of Assistant Curator of Paleobotany at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago between 2000 and 2003 and was later Associate Curator of Paleobotany (from 2003 until 2006). [2] In these roles,she studied fossil leaves of plants that grew before,during and after the die-off of Triassic plants and animals. Through these fossils,McElwain found evidence of a rapid surge of seven times the normal amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. [4] [6] This included pioneering a new type of cuticle analysis that used their record of stomatal density as a proxy for CO2 partial pressure (pCO2). [7] In 2004,she counted stomata to know where mountains and plateaus were located in the past,presenting barriers to atmospheric circulation. [8] [9] Two years later,McElwain accepted a faculty position at University College Dublin [10] and received the Award for Excellence in EU research by the President of Ireland in 2012. [2]
McElwain continued her research into CO2 in the atmosphere,and led a study in 2019 which found that holly and ivy are more climate change-ready in the face of warming temperatures than birch and oak. [11] During the COVID-19 pandemic,McElwain came up with the idea to film five-minute videos to showcase Ireland's native plants and wild places. [12]
In 2017 she was admitted as a member of the Royal Irish Academy. [14]
In botany,a stoma,also called a stomate,is a pore found in the epidermis of leaves,stems,and other organs,that controls the rate of gas exchange between the internal air spaces of the leaf and the atmosphere. The pore is bordered by a pair of specialized parenchyma cells known as guard cells that regulate the size of the stomatal opening.
Patricia McKenna is an Irish independent and former Green Party politician. She served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Dublin constituency from 1994 to 2004. She is a practising barrister having been called to the Bar in 2016.
Olivia O'Leary is an Irish journalist,writer and current affairs presenter.
The Library of Trinity College Dublin serves Trinity College. It is a legal deposit or "copyright library",which means publishers in Ireland must deposit a copy of all their publications there without charge. It is the only Irish library to hold such rights for works published in the United Kingdom.
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Ginkgo adiantoides is an extinct ginkgo species in the family Ginkgoaceae from the Late Cretaceous to the Miocene.
Asterotheca is a genus of seedless,spore-bearing,vascularized ferns dating from the Carboniferous of the Paleozoic to the Triassic of the Mesozoic.
Lepidopteris is a form genus for leaves of Peltaspermaceae,an extinct family of seed plants,which lived from around 260 to 190 million years ago,from the Late Permian to Early Jurassic. Fossils of the genus have been found across both hemispheres. Nine species are currently recognized.Lepidopteris was a common and widespread seed fern,which survived the Permian-Triassic extinction event but was largely wiped out by the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event. Lepidopteris callipteroides is especially common between the first two episodes of the Permian-Triassic extinction event,and L. ottonis forms a comparable acme zone immediately before the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event. Lepidopteris would persist into the Early Jurassic in Patagonia,represented by the species Lepidopteris scassoi.
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Margaret E. Collinson is a paleobotanist at Royal Holloway,University of London,United Kingdom.
Rose Anne Kenny is an Irish geriatrician. She is the Regius Professor of Physic and a professor of medical gerontology at Trinity College Dublin (TCD),director of the Falls and Black-out Unit at St James's Hospital in Dublin,director of the Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing and founding principal investigator for The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). She was admitted in 2014 to the Royal Irish Academy in recognition of academic excellence and achievement. Kenny is a fellow of Trinity College Dublin and of the Royal Colleges of Physicians of Ireland,London and Edinburgh.
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Pterophyllum is an extinct form genus of leaves known from the Carnian to the Maastrichtian,belonging to the Bennettitales. It contains more than 50 species,and is mainly found in Eurasia and North America.
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Cuticle analysis,also known as fossil cuticle analysis and cuticular analysis,is an archaeobotanical method that uses plant cuticles to reconstruct the vegetation of past grassy environments. Cuticles comprise the protective layer of the skin,or epidermis,of leaves and blades of grass. They are made of cutin,a resilient substance that can preserve the shapes of underlying cells,a quality that aids in the identification of plants that are otherwise no longer visible in the archaeological record. This can inform archaeobotanists on the floral makeup of a past environment,even when surviving remains from the plants are limited. Plant cuticles have also been incorporated into other areas of archaeobotanical research based on their susceptibility to environmental factors such as pCO2 levels and stresses such as water deficit and sodium chloride exposure. Such research can help to reconstruct past environments and identify ecological events.
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