| Jewish cemetery, Lucena | |
|---|---|
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| Details | |
| Location | |
| Country | Spain |
| Coordinates | 37°24′10″N4°29′18″W / 37.4028799°N 4.48837734°W |
| Type | Jewish |
| No. of graves | 346 |
The Jewish necropolis of Lucena is a Jewish cemetery in Lucena, Spain. It was excavated in 2006 and has gravestones that date to as early as the 8th century CE. With 346 catalogued graves, it is the largest Jewish cemetery ever discovered in Spain.
The Jewish community in Lucena was one of the most prosperous in the Iberian Peninsula until the rise of the Almoravid dynasty at the beginning of the 12th century. The city was destroyed in 1146. [1]
The cemetery, a necropolis of at least 346 catalogued graves, was discovered in 2006, during construction of the southern ring road in Lucena. It is the largest Jewish cemetery excavated in Spain. [2] One of the oldest gravestones with Hebrew letters at the site is dated to as early as the 8th century CE. Other remains discovered during the cemetery's excavation were dated to the period between 1000 and 1050 CE. [2]
In 2011, scientists with the University of Granada studied teeth from remains at the graves to better understand the city's Jewish heritage. While the researchers received permission from the government of Lucena to examine the teeth, they did not secure permission from the Federation of Jewish Communities of Spain, the country's umbrella Jewish group. [3]
During restoration work, more than 170 gravesites were exhumed. In December 2011, Chief Rabbi of Madrid Moshe Bendahan led a ceremony at the cemetery to rebury the bodies in line with Jewish burial standards. [4]
The city of Lucena spent approximately $160,000 to rededicate the cemetery in 2013 and conducted a rededication ceremony on September 29, 2013, the European Day of Jewish Culture. [5]
Rock-cut tombs were a form of burial and interment chamber used in ancient Israel. Cut into the landscapes surrounding ancient Judean cities, their design ranges from single chambered, with simple square or rectangular layouts, to multi-chambered with more complex designs. Almost all burial chambers contain a platform for primary burial and an ossuary or other receptacle for secondary burial. There is debate on if these tombs were originally intended for secondary burials, or if that practice arose later.
An ossuary is a chest, box, building, well, or site made to serve as the final resting place of human skeletal remains. They are frequently used where burial space is scarce. A body is first buried in a temporary grave, then after some years the skeletal remains are removed and placed in an ossuary. The greatly reduced space taken up by an ossuary means that it is possible to store the remains of many more people in a single tomb than possible in coffins. The practice is sometimes known as grave recycling.
A headstone, tombstone, or gravestone is a stele or marker, usually stone, that is placed over a grave. It is traditional for burials in the Christian, Jewish, and Muslim religions, among others. In most cases, it has the deceased's name, date of birth, and date of death inscribed on it, along with a personal message, or prayer, but may contain pieces of funerary art, especially details in stone relief. In many parts of Europe, insetting a photograph of the deceased in a frame is very common.
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Ulpiana was an ancient Roman city located in what is today Kosovo. It was also named Justiniana Secunda. Ulpiana is situated in the municipality of Gračanica, 12km to the southeast of Pristina. The Minicipium Ulpiana - Iustiniana Secunda was proclaimed archaeological park under permanent protection of Kosovo by the Kosova Council for Cultural Heritage in 2016. The Archaeological Park has a surface of 161.10 hectares and a surrounding protection zone of 96.23 hectares. Ulpiana was among the largest settlements in the Balkans of the late antiquity.
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Farmana Khas or Daksh Khera is an archaeological site in Meham block of Rohtak district in northern Indian state of Haryana spread over 18.5 hectares. It is located near the village of Farmana Khas, about 15 kilometers from the Rohtak-Hissar highway and 60 kilometres from Delhi. It is significant particularly for its burial site, with 70 burials, of the Mature Harappan period (2500–2000 BC) and fairly recent addition to Indus Valley civilisation sites excavated in India.
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Andersons Bay Cemetery is a major cemetery in the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) to the southeast of the city centre, on a rocky outcrop which forms the inland part of Lawyers Head, a promontory which juts into the Pacific Ocean. The cemetery is bounded on the western and southern sides by Chisholm Park Golf Links, and to the east by steep slopes which descend to the Tomahawk Lagoon. Despite its name, the cemetery is located in the suburb of Tahuna, which lies immediately to the south of the suburb of Andersons Bay, and almost 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from the former bay itself, at the head of the Otago Harbour.
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