Jim Dine

Last updated
Jim Dine
Dine,-Jim koeln-sk-stiftung 210219.jpg
Dine in 2020
Born
James Lewis Dine

(1935-06-16) June 16, 1935 (age 89)
Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.
Education Ohio University
University of Cincinnati
Known for painting, drawing, sculpture, printmaking, photography, happenings, assemblage, poetry
Spouse Nancy Lee Minto

Jim Dine (born June 16, 1935) is an American artist. Dine's work includes painting, drawing, printmaking (in many forms including lithographs, etchings, gravure, intaglio, woodcuts, letterpress and linocuts), [1] sculpture and photography; his early works encompassed assemblage and happenings, while in recent years his poetry output, both in publications and readings, has increased. [2]

Contents

Dine has been associated with many art movements including Neo-Dada (use of collage and found objects), Abstract Expressionism (the gestural nature of his painting), and Pop Art (affixing everyday objects including tools, rope, articles of clothing and even a bathroom sink) to his canvases, [3] yet he has avoided such classifications. At the core of his art, regardless of the medium of the specific work, lies an intense autobiographical reflection, a relentless exploration and criticism of self through a number of personal motifs including: the heart, the bathrobe, tools, antique sculpture, and the character of Pinocchio (among flora, skulls, birds and figurative self-portraits). Dine's approach is all-encompassing: "Dine's art has a stream of consciousness quality to its evolution, and is based on all aspects of his life—what he is reading, objects he comes upon in souvenir shops around the world, a serious study of art from every time and place that he understands as being useful to his own practice." [4]

Dine has had more than 300 solo exhibitions, [5] including retrospectives at the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York (1970), the Museum of Modern Art, New York (1978), Walker Art Center, Minneapolis (1984–85), Frederik Meijer Gardens & Sculpture Park, Grand Rapids, Michigan (2011) and Museum Folkwang, Essen (2015–16). His work is in permanent collections including the Art Institute of Chicago; the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; the Musée National d'Art Moderne, Centre Pompidou, Paris; the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.; Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York; Tate Gallery, London; Tokyo Metropolitan Art Museum, Tokyo; and Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, Connecticut. [6]

Dine's distinctions include nomination to Academy of Arts and Letters in New York (1980), Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (2003), the British Museum Medal (2015) following his donation of 234 prints to the museum in 2014, membership of the Accademia di San Luca in Rome (2017), and Chevalier de l'Ordre de la Légion d'Honneur (2018). [7]

Education

Dine's first formal training took the form of night courses at the Art Academy of Cincinnati, in which he enrolled in 1952 at the age of 16, [8] while attending Walnut Hills High School. [9] It was a decision motivated both by his artistic calling and the lack of appropriate training at high school: "I always knew I was always an artist and even though I tried to conform to high school life in those years, I found it difficult because I wanted to express myself artistically, and the school I went to had no facilities for that." [10] In 1954, while still attending evening courses, Dine was inspired by a copy of Paul J. Sachs' Modern Prints and Drawings (1954), particularly by the German Expressionist woodcuts it reproduced, including work by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (1880–1938), Emil Nolde (1867–1956) and Max Beckmann (1884–1950)—"I was shocked by them" — and began creating woodcuts in the basement of his maternal grandparents, with whom he was then living. [11]

After high school Dine enrolled at the University of Cincinnati but was unsatisfied: "They didn't have an art school, they had a design school. I tried that for half a year. It was ridiculous […] All I wanted to do was paint." [12] At the recommendation of a friend majoring in theatre at Ohio University in Athens, Dine enrolled there in 1955, where he recalls being "blown away", not by the facilities but because: "I sensed a bucolic freedom in the foothills of the Appalachians where I could possibly develop and be an artist." [12] Under printmaking teacher Donald Roberts (1923–2015) Dine experimented in lithography, etching, intaglio, dry paint and woodcuts. At Roberts' suggestion, Dine subsequently studied for six months with Ture Bengtz (1907–73) at the School of Fine Arts at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, before returning to Ohio University where he graduated with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in 1957 (remaining for an additional year to make paintings and prints, with the permission of the faculty). [8]

Career

Job #1 by Jim Dine, 1962, Honolulu Museum of Art 'Job -1' by Jim Dine, 1962, Honolulu Museum of Art.jpg
Job #1 by Jim Dine, 1962, Honolulu Museum of Art

In 1958 Dine moved to New York, where he taught at the Rhodes School. [13] In the same year he founded the Judson Gallery at the Judson Church in Greenwich Village with Claes Oldenburg and Marcus Ratliff, eventually meeting Allan Kaprow and Bob Whitman: together they became pioneers of happenings and performances, including Dine's The Smiling Workman of 1959. [14] Dine's first exhibition was at the Reuben Gallery, where he also staged the elaborate performance Car Crash (1960), [14] which he describes as "a cacophony of sounds and words spoken by a great white Venus with animal grunts and howls by me." [15] Another important early work was The House (1960), an environment incorporating found objects and street debris, installed at the Judson Gallery. [16]

Dine continued to include everyday items (including personal possessions) in his work, [3] which linked him to Pop Art—an affinity strengthened by his inclusion in the influential 1962 exhibition "New Painting of Common Objects" at the Pasadena Art Museum, curated by Walter Hopps and later cited as the first institutional survey of American Pop Art, including works by Robert Dowd, Joe Goode, Phillip Hefferton, Roy Lichtenstein, Edward Ruscha, Wayne Thiebaud and Andy Warhol. [17] [18] Dine has, however, consistently distanced himself from Pop Art: "I'm not a Pop artist. I'm not part of the movement because I'm too subjective. Pop is concerned with exteriors. I'm concerned with interiors. When I use objects, I see them as a vocabulary of feelings. […] What I try to do in my work is explore myself in physical terms—to explain something in terms of my own sensibilities." [19]

Motifs

Dine at the Galerie de Bellefeuille, Westmount, Quebec, Canada, 2009 JimDineWestmount.jpg
Dine at the Galerie de Bellefeuille, Westmount, Quebec, Canada, 2009

Since the early 1960s Dine has refined a selection of motifs through which he has explored his self in myriad forms and media, and throughout the different locations/studios in which he has worked, including: London (1968–71); Putney, Vermont (1971–85); Walla Walla, Washington (from 1983); Paris (from 2001); and Göttingen (since 2007), in a studio adjacent to the premises of Steidl, the printer and publisher of the majority of his books. [20]

Bathrobes

Dine first depicted bathrobes in 1964 while searching for a new form of self-portraiture at a time when "it wasn't cool to just make a self-portrait"; [21] he thus conceived an approach without representing his face. [22] Dine subsequently saw an image of a bathrobe in an advertisement in the New York Times Magazine , [21] and adopted it as a surrogate self-portrait, which he has since depicted in varying degrees of realism and expressionism.

Hearts

Dine initially expressed this motif in the form of a large heart of stuffed red satin hung above the character of Puck in a 1965–66 production of William Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream at the Actors' Workshop in San Francisco, for which he designed the sets (his original introduction to the motif had been a series of red hearts on white backgrounds he had seen as a student). [23] In time, the heart became for Dine "a universal symbol that I could put paint onto" and "as good a structure geographically as any I could find in nature. It is a kind of landscape and within that landscape I could grow anything, and I think I did." [24] The formal simplicity of the heart has made it a subject he could wholly claim as his own, an empty vessel for ongoing experimentation into which to project his changing self. The heart's status as a universal symbol of love further mirrors Dine's commitment to the creative act: "…what I was in love with was the fact that I was put here to make these hearts—this art. There is a similar sense of love in this method, this act of making art…" [25]

Pinocchio

"Trying to birth this puppet into life is a great story. It is the story of how you make art"—Jim Dine. [26] Dine's fascination with the character of Pinocchio, the boy protagonist in Carlo Collodi's The Adventures of Pinocchio (1883), dates to his childhood, when, at the age of six he viewed with his mother Walt Disney's animated film Pinocchio (1940): "It has haunted my heart forever!" [27] This formative experience deepened in 1964 when Dine discovered a detailed figure of Pinocchio while purchasing tools: "It was hand painted, had a paper maché head, beautiful little clothes and articulated limbs. I took it home and I kept it on my shelf for 25 years. I did not do anything with it. I did not know what to do with it, but it was always with me. When I moved houses, I would take it and put it on the bookshelf or put it in a drawer and bring it out, essentially to play with it." [28] Yet it was only in the 1990s that Dine represented Pinocchio in his art, first in a diptych; the next Pinocchios were shown at the 1997 Venice Biennale and an exhibition at Richard Gray Gallery, Chicago. [26] Notable depictions since include the 41 color lithographs printed at Atelier Michael Woolworth, Paris, in 2006; [29] the book Pinocchio (Steidl, 2006), combining Collodi's text and Dine's illustrations; two monumental bronze sculptures of 9 meters' height: Walking to Borås (2008) in Borås, Sweden, and Busan Pinocchio (2013) in Busan, South Korea; and Pinocchio (Emotional) (2012), a twelve-foot bronze at the Cincinnati Art Museum. [30] In recent years Dine's self-identification with the character of Pinocchio has shifted to Gepetto, the gifted woodcarver who crafts the boy puppet. [31]

Antique sculpture

"I have this reverence for the ancient world. I mean Greco-Roman society. This always interested me and the product of it is interesting to me and the literature is interesting—the historic literature. I have this need to connect with the past in my way…"—Jim Dine. [32] As with Pinocchio, Dine's fascination with antique sculpture dates to early in his life: "I had always been interested as a child in 'the antique,' because my mother took me to the art museum in Cincinnati, and they had a few beautiful pieces." [33] The antique has thus been present since his early work, for example in Untitled (After Winged Victory) (1959), now held in the collection of the Art Institute of Chicago, a sculpture inspired by the Winged Victory of Samothrace (ca. 200 B.C.) and composed of a painted robe hung on a found lamp frame and held together with wire, which Dine describes as "almost like outsider art" and he first showed at the Ruben Gallery. [34] He most frequently expresses the antique through the figure of the Venus de Milo (ca. 100 B.C.), a small plaster cast of which he bought in Paris; he initially included the cast in 1970s still-life paintings, "But then I knocked the head off it and made it mine." [35] Dine is also inspired by specific sculpture collections, for example that of the Glyptothek in Munich, which he visited in 1984, resulting in the 40 "Glyptotek Drawings" [sic] of 1987–88, made in preparation for a series of lithographs. [36] Of the experience Dine recalls: "The museum director let me come in at night and, therefore, it was a meditation on the pieces I was drawing because I was alone. I felt a link between the ages of history and me and a communication between these anonymous guys who had carved these things centuries before me. It was a way to join hands across the generations, and for me to feel that I did not just grow like a tumbleweed but that I came from somewhere. I belonged to a tradition and it gave me the history I needed." [35] An important recent work that incorporates the antique is Dine's Poet Singing (The Flowering Sheets), an installation consisting of 8-foot wooden sculptures inspired by ancient Greek statues of dancing women arranged around a 7-foot self-portrait head of the artist, all installed in a room whose walls he has inscribed with a sprawling poem, "with its Orphic themes of travel, loss, and the possibilities of art." [37] Originally shown in 2008–09 at the Getty Villa, J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, and echoing the 350–300 B.C. Sculptural Group of a Seated Poet and Sirens (2) with unjoined fragmentary curls (304) held in the Getty collection, [38] Dine has since updated Poet Singing (The Flowering Sheets) as a permanent, site-specific installation housed in the purpose-built Jim Dine Pavilion, adjacent to the Kunsthaus Göttingen.

Tools

"I never stopped being enchanted by these objects." — Jim Dine. [32] As with Pinocchio and antique sculpture, tools are a motif inextricably linked to Dine's childhood. His introduction to them came through his maternal grandfather, Morris Cohen, who ran The Save Supply Company hardware store in Cincinnati; Dine lived with Cohen for three years as a boy, and had daily contact with him until the age of 19. [39] Dine recalls hammers, saws, drills, screwdrivers among various hardware paraphernalia; later, Dine worked in Cohen's store on Saturdays. [40]

Dine was thus inaugurated both into the practical functions of tools and their aesthetic possibilities: "I admired the beautiful enamel on the ceramic toilets and sinks. I admired the way different colors of conduit electric wire was in rolls next to each other, and the way it had been braided. In the paint department, the color charts looked to me like perfect, perfect jewel boxes." [41] He recalls the sensual impact of "very, very beautiful" pristine white paint: "I would play with it by sticking one of his screwdrivers in and breaking the skin and moving it around. It was like white taffy. It had a fabulous smell of linseed oil and turpentine." [12] Accordingly, he finds them "as mysterious and interesting an object as any other object. There's no aristocracy here." [42]

As a motif that symbolizes raw materials being transformed into art — tools have unique status in Dine's practice as "artificial extensions of his hands, effectively allowing him to shape and form certain given conditions and objects more systematically," [43] and as "'primary objects' that create a connection with our human past and the hand." [44] In Dine's own words, the tool is fundamentally "a metaphor for 'work'". [32]

Dine has integrated real tools into his art from his earliest works — for example, Big Black Work Wall (1961), a painting with tools attached, and The Wind and Tools (A Glossary of Terms) (2009), three wooden Venus statues wearing girdles belts of tools—as well as depicting them in media including paintings, drawings, photographs and prints. [45] An extraordinary printing series involving tools is A History of Communism (2014), in which Dine printed tool motifs on top of lithographs made from stones found in an art academy in Berlin and showing four decades of students' work from the German Democratic Republic. [46] By overlaying his own personal vocabulary of tools, Dine engages with the symbolic tools of communism — the hammer and sickle of the Soviet Union, and the hammer and compass, ringed by rye, of the German Democratic Republic — and unsettles the assertion of any certain "truth", showing that "history is never a coherent narrative—although it might be presented as such with an ulterior motive—but rather a fragmented, layered and multi-sited process." [47]

Selected teaching positions

Selected long-term collaborations

Selected permanent collections

Selected poetry readings

Related Research Articles

Robert Frank was a Swiss American photographer and documentary filmmaker. His most notable work, the 1958 book titled The Americans, earned Frank comparisons to a modern-day de Tocqueville for his fresh and nuanced outsider's view of American society. Critic Sean O'Hagan, writing in The Guardian in 2014, said The Americans "changed the nature of photography, what it could say and how it could say it. [ ... ] it remains perhaps the most influential photography book of the 20th century." Frank later expanded into film and video and experimented with manipulating photographs and photomontage.

William Eggleston is an American photographer. He is widely credited with increasing recognition of color photography as a legitimate artistic medium. Eggleston's books include William Eggleston's Guide (1976) and The Democratic Forest (1989).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juergen Teller</span> German fine-art and fashion photographer (born 1964)

Juergen Teller is a German fine-art and fashion photographer. He was awarded the Citibank Prize for Photography in 2003 and received the Special Presentation International Center of Photography Infinity Award in 2018.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tom Wesselmann</span> American artist (1931 - 2004)

Thomas K. Wesselmann was an American artist associated with the Pop Art movement who worked in painting, collage and sculpture.

Tina Barney is an American photographer best known for her large-scale, color portraits of her family and close friends in New York and New England. She is a member of the Lehman family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nancy Graves</span> American painter (1939–1995)

Nancy Graves was an American sculptor, painter, printmaker, and sometime filmmaker known for her focus on natural phenomena like camels or maps of the Moon. Her works are included in many public collections, including those of the National Gallery of Art, the Brooklyn Museum of Art, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the National Gallery of Australia (Canberra), the Des Moines Art Center, Walker Art Center (Minneapolis), and the Museum of Fine Arts. When Graves was just 29, she was given a solo exhibition at the Whitney Museum of American Art. At the time she was the youngest artist, and fifth woman to achieve this honor.

Guy Bourdin, was a French artist and fashion photographer known for his highly stylized and provocative images. From 1955, Bourdin worked mostly with Vogue as well as other publications including Harper's Bazaar. He shot ad campaigns for Chanel, Charles Jourdan, Pentax and Bloomingdale's.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Louis Schanker</span> American abstract artist.

Louis Schanker was an American abstract artist.

Jim Goldberg is an American artist and photographer, whose work reflects long-term, in-depth collaborations with neglected, ignored, or otherwise outside-the-mainstream populations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Donovan Wylie</span>

Donovan Wylie is a Northern Irish photographer, based in Belfast. His work chronicles what he calls "the concept of vision as power in the architecture of contemporary conflict" – prison, army watchtowers and outposts, and listening stations – "merging documentary and art photography".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fred Sandback</span> American sculptor

Fred Sandback was an American minimalist conceptual-based sculptor known for his yarn sculptures, drawings, and prints. His estate is represented by David Zwirner.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saul Leiter</span> American photographer and painter (1923–2013)

Saul Leiter was an American photographer and painter whose early work in the 1940s and 1950s was an important contribution to what came to be recognized as the New York school of photography.

Petrus Graf von Schaesberg was a German art historian, artist, editor, and teacher.

Edwin Curtis Moffat was a London-based American abstract photographer, painter and modernist interior designer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aldo Crommelynck</span> Belgian master printmaker

Aldo Crommelynck was a Belgian master printmaker who made intaglio prints in collaboration with many important European and American artists of the 20th century. At the time of his death, The Guardian termed Crommelynck the 'pre-eminent' and 'the most celebrated printmaker of the second half of the 20th century.'

<i>Japonaiserie</i> (Van Gogh) Influence of Japanese art on the works of Vincent van Gogh

Japonaiserie was the term used by Dutch Post-Impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh to express the influence of Japanese art on his works.

George Earl Ortman was an American painter, printmaker, constructionist and sculptor. His work has been referred to as Neo-Dada, pop art, minimalism and hard-edge painting. His constructions, built with a variety of materials and objects, deal with the exploration off visual language derived from geometry—geometry as symbol and sign.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michael Woolworth</span>

Michael Woolworth is a master printer of American origin, living and working in Paris. He makes original editions with contemporary artists. His atelier specializes exclusively in printing techniques on hand presses: stone lithography, woodcut, monotype, linocut, etching and multiples.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Donald Saff</span>

Donald Jay Saff is an artist, art historian, educator, and lecturer, specializing in the fields of contemporary art in addition to American and English horology.

Philip Trager is an American art photographer, known principally for his photographs of architecture and of modern dance. As of 2015, 11 monographs of his photography have been published by houses such as New York Graphic Society; Little, Brown; Wesleyan University Press; and Steidl.

References

  1. ↑ For an overview of Dine’s recent printmaking practice see: Jim Dine, I print. Catalogue Raisonné of Prints, 2001–2020, Steidl, Göttingen, 2020.
  2. ↑ See: Jim Dine, Poems To Work On: The Collected Poems of Jim Dine, Cuneiform Press, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX, 2015. Dine’s French, English, A Day Longer, Joca Seria, Nantes, and Steidl, Göttingen, 2020, is his most recent poetry publication, documenting how many of his poems are created directly in the studio—often written onto its walls—while creating other, visual works; on p. 185 he states: “My method of writing is not too different than my method of painting. I collect imagery and put it together and take it apart. It’s a collage method.”
  3. 1 2 "Jim Dine - Artists - Taglialatella Galleries".
  4. ↑ Ruth Fine, “Secret, Mysterious, Majestic” in: Jim Dine, The Secret Drawings, Steidl, Göttingen, 2020, p. 9
  5. ↑ "Artists".
  6. ↑ "Jim Dine - Exhibitions - Gaa Gallery".
  7. ↑ "Jim Dine gives 234 prints to British Museum". the Guardian. 2015-03-04. Retrieved 2022-11-30.
  8. 1 2 Dine, Paris Reconnaissance, p.158
  9. ↑ "Graham Hunter Gallery - Jim Dine".
  10. ↑ Jim Dine, A Printmaker’s Document, Steidl, Göttingen, 2013, p. 7
  11. ↑ Ibid. p. 7
  12. 1 2 3 Ibid. p. 8
  13. ↑ Jim Dine, About the Love of Printing, Edition Folkwang / Steidl, Göttingen, 2015. p. 210
  14. 1 2 "Jim Dine Art, Bio, Ideas". The Art Story. Retrieved 2022-11-30.
  15. ↑ "Cuneiform Press".
  16. ↑ "Jim Dine - the Artist's face - National Portrait Gallery".
  17. ↑ "Jim Dine". Sotheby's. Retrieved 18 Jun 2023.
  18. ↑ "Graham Hunter Gallery - Jim Dine". www.grahamhuntergallery.co.uk. Retrieved 2023-06-20.
  19. ↑ Quoted in: Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, “Jim Dine: My Tools—Favorite Objects, Metaphors, and Heavy Baggage” in: Jim Dine, My Tools, Steidl / SK Stiftung Kultur, Göttingen, 2014, p. 22
  20. ↑ Dine, Paris Reconnaissance, pp.158–60
  21. 1 2 Dine, Paris Reconnaissance, p.18
  22. ↑ "Jim Dine | Smithsonian American Art Museum".
  23. ↑ Jim Dine, Night Fields, Day Fields – Sculpture, Steidl, Göttingen, 2010, p. 16
  24. ↑ Dine, Paris Reconnaissance, p.18
  25. ↑ Dine, Night Fields, Day Fields – Sculpture, p. 16
  26. 1 2 Ibid. p. 17
  27. ↑ Dine, A Printmaker’s Document, p. 191
  28. ↑ Dine, Night Fields, Day Fields – Sculpture, p. 17
  29. ↑ For details see: “Daniel Clarke, Litho Printer at Michael Woolworth’s Shop” in: Dine, A Printmaker’s Document, pp. 212–13; and Tobias Burg, “Jim Dine and His Printers” in Dine, I print. Catalogue Raisonné of Prints, 2001–2020, p. 11.
  30. ↑ "Cincinnati Art Museum: Jim Dine: In Celebration of Pinocchio at the Cincinnati Art Museum".
  31. ↑ "Jim Dine | Poet Singing". Cristea Roberts Gallery.
  32. 1 2 3 Dine, Night Fields, Day Fields – Sculpture, p. 15
  33. ↑ Dine, A Printmaker’s Document, p. 124
  34. ↑ Dine, Night Fields, Day Fields – Sculpture, pp. 9–10
  35. 1 2 Dine, Night Fields, Day Fields – Sculpture, p. 15
  36. ↑ For reproductions of all the drawings, which Dine gifted to the Morgan Library & Museum, New York, in 2009, see: Jim Dine, The Glyptotek Drawings, The Morgan Library & Museum / Steidl, Göttingen, 2011.
  37. ↑ "Jim Dine: Poet Singing (Getty Villa Exhibitions)".
  38. ↑ "Sculptural Group of a Seated Poet and Sirens (2) with unjoined fragmentary curls (304) (Getty Museum)".
  39. ↑ Jim Dine, Tools, Steidl, Göttingen, 2017, p. 7
  40. ↑ Ibid. pp. 7–8
  41. ↑ Ibid. p. 9
  42. ↑ Dine, My Tools, p. 111
  43. ↑ Conrath-Scholl, “Jim Dine: My Tools—Favorite Objects, Metaphors, and Heavy Baggage” in: Dine, My Tools, p. 17
  44. ↑ Jim Dine, Subjects, Alan Cristea Gallery, London, 2000, p. 4, cited in: Jim Dine, A History of Communism, Steidl / Alan Cristea Gallery, Göttingen, 2014, p. 56
  45. ↑ For Dine’s photographs of tools, see: Jim Dine, Tools, Steidl, Göttingen, 2017
  46. ↑ Dine, A History of Communism, p. 7
  47. ↑ Gwendolyn Sasse, “Layering the Old and the New: The History of Communism” in: Dine, A History of Communism, p. 58
  48. ↑ "Jim Dine". www.stedelijk.nl.
  49. ↑ "Jim Dine born 1935". Tate.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.