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Jim Shelton | |
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United States Deputy Secretary of Education | |
In office May 2013 –January 4, 2015 | |
President | Barack Obama |
Preceded by | Anthony W. Miller |
Succeeded by | Mick Zais |
Personal details | |
Political party | Democratic |
Education | Morehouse College (BS) Stanford University (MEd,MBA) |
James H. Shelton III was most recently [1] the head of the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative's Education division. [2] He was formerly the Deputy Secretary of the United States Department of Education. [3] In this role,he oversaw a broad range of management,policy,and program functions.
Previously,he served as Assistant Deputy Secretary of the United States Department of Education,overseeing the Office of Innovation and Improvement,managing a portfolio that included most of the Department's competitive programs,such as the Investing in Innovation Fund (i3),Promise Neighborhoods,and others focused on teacher and leader quality,school choice,and learning technology. [4]
Shelton served as Deputy Secretary of Education from 2013 to 2014. In 2015,he joined a company called 2U. 2U sells technology to public and nonprofit colleges. The technology helps the colleges offer online degrees. [5]
When Shelton worked at the Department of Education,the department pursued a regulation called the "gainful-employment rule." The rule withholds student loans from students at for-profit colleges that don't show a government-chosen level of "post-graduation success." [5]
A loophole exists in the gainful-employment rule:public and non-profit colleges are exempt. These colleges are now Shelton's customers at his job at 2U. [5]
Earlier in his career,Shelton served as program director for education at the Bill &Melinda Gates Foundation,where he managed portfolios ranging from $2 to $3 billion in non-profit investments targeting increased high school and college graduation rates. Shelton has served as the East Coast lead for NewSchools Venture Fund,and also co-founded LearnNow,a school management company that later was acquired by Edison Schools. [6] After four years in Atlanta with McKinsey &Company advising CEOs and other executives on issues related to strategy,business development,and organizational design and effectiveness,he left as a senior manager to join Knowledge Universe,Inc. There he launched,acquired,and operated education-related businesses. [7]
Shelton holds a bachelor's degree in computer science from Morehouse College as well as master's degrees in business administration and education from Stanford University. Shelton currently resides in his hometown,Washington,D.C.,with his wife Sonia and their two sons. [8]
Strayer University is a private for-profit university headquartered in Washington,D.C. It was founded in 1892 as Strayer's Business College and later became Strayer College,before being granted university status in 1998.
University of Phoenix (UoPX) is a private for-profit university headquartered in Phoenix,Arizona. Founded in 1976,the university confers certificates and degrees at the certificate,associate,bachelor's,master's,and doctoral degree levels. It is institutionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and has an open enrollment admissions policy for many undergraduate programs. The school is owned by Apollo Global Management and Vistria Group.
WyoTech,formerly known as Wyoming Technical Institute,is a for-profit,technical college founded in Laramie,Wyoming in 1966. WyoTech provides 3 core programs and 6 specialty programs that prepare students for careers as technicians in the automotive and diesel industry.
Walden University is a for-profit university headquartered in Minneapolis,Minnesota. It offers bachelor's,master's,doctoral,and specialist degrees. The university is owned by Adtalem Global Education,which purchased the university in August 2021. The institution is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.
John Katzman is an American EdTech pioneer. He has established a number of companies which assist students with their studies and career choices,including Princeton Review,2U,and Noodle Partners. The last two companies are online program managers (OPMs). Katzman has also authored books on the subject.
Mark Elliot Zuckerberg is an American businessman and philanthropist. He co-founded the social media service Facebook,along with his Harvard roommates in 2004,and its parent company Meta Platforms,of which he is chairman,chief executive officer and controlling shareholder.
The Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA) was legislation signed into United States law on November 8,1965,as part of President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society domestic agenda. Johnson chose Texas State University,his alma mater,as the signing site. The law was intended "to strengthen the educational resources of our colleges and universities and to provide financial assistance for students in postsecondary and higher education". It increased federal money given to universities,created scholarships,gave low-interest loans for students,and established a National Teachers Corps. The "financial assistance for students" is covered in Title IV of the HEA.
William Lee Shelton is a former United States Air Force four-star general who last served as the commander of Air Force Space Command from January 5,2011,to August 15,2014. He had been the Assistant Vice Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force and Air Staff Director. He had served as chief of warfighting integration and chief information officer,Office of the Secretary of the Air Force. Shelton held numerous positions of leadership throughout the United States Air Force. He retired from the Air Force on September 1,2014.
Fortis College is a private for-profit college with multiple campuses throughout the United States. It was established in 2008 and is operated by Education Affiliates and owned by JLL Partners.
edX is a US for-profit online education platform owned by 2U since 2021. The platform's main focus is to manage a variety of offerings,including elite brand bootcamps.
Michael McCullough is an American investor in healthcare and life science companies,social entrepreneur,and emergency room doctor. He was a Rhodes Scholar. He lives in Palo Alto,California.
2U,Inc. is an American educational technology company that contracts with non-profit colleges and universities to build,deliver and support online degree and non-degree programs. It is also the parent company of edX. On February 12,2024,2U announced "there is substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern."
For-profit higher education in the United States refers to the commercialization and privatization of American higher education institutions. For-profit colleges have been the most recognizable for-profit institutions,and more recently with online program managers,but commercialization has been a part of US higher education for centuries. Privatization of public institutions has been increasing since at least the 1980s.
Priscilla Chan is an American Philanthropist and a former Pediatrician. She and her husband,Mark Zuckerberg,a co-founder and CEO of Meta Platforms,established the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative in December 2015,with a pledge to transfer 99 percent of their Facebook shares,then valued at $45 billion. She attended Harvard University and received her medical degree from the University of California,San Francisco.
The International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) is a nonprofit organization that focuses on accelerating innovation in education through the smart use of technology in education. ISTE provides a variety of services to support professional learning for educators and education leaders,including ISTELive—an ed tech event,the ISTE Standards for learning,teaching and leading with technology,and ISTE Certification. ISTE also provides a suite of professional learning resources,including webinars,online courses,consulting services,books,and peer-reviewed journals and publications.
Justine Hastings is an American economist,academic,and policy advisor. She is currently a vice president and chief of people-centered science at Amazon and an affiliate professor of economics at the University of Washington. Previously,she served as professor of economics and international and public affairs at Brown University,and as an associate professor of economics at Yale University. Her research focuses on combining economics and big data to solve social problems,spanning topics across education policy,retirement policy,household finance,marketing,competition,antitrust,and environmental regulation.
Robert M. (Bob) Shireman is an American higher education policy expert and nonprofit leader currently working as the director of higher education excellence at The Century Foundation. Shireman served as the first deputy undersecretary of education in the Obama Administration in 2009–10. He had previously worked in the U.S. Senate,the Clinton Administration,and at nonprofit organizations,including one he founded,The Institute for College Access and Success (TICAS).
As part of the EdTech boom,Online Program Managers (OPMs) provide bundled products and services on which educational institutions can run online courses. The two most notable OPMs are 2U and Academic Partnerships.
Guild,formerly known as Guild Education,is a private company headquartered in Denver,Colorado that is employed by Fortune 1000 companies to manage their education assistance benefits. Guild works for corporate employer clients to facilitate direct payment for courses to education provider clients and offers marketing services to the education provider clients.
For-profit colleges,also known as proprietary colleges,are post-secondary schools that rely on investors,and survive by making a profit. They include for-profit vocational and technical schools,career colleges,and predominantly online universities. For-profit colleges have frequently offered career-oriented curricula including culinary arts,business and technology,and health care. These institutions have a long history in the US,and grew rapidly from 1972 to 2009. The growth of for-profit education has been fueled by government funding as well as corporate investment,including private equity.