Johan Willem Crolius

Johan Willem Crolius
Born	c. 1718 (1718) Neuwird, Westerwald
Died	1779 (aged 60–61)
Nationality	American
Other names	William Crolius
Spouse	Veronica Cortselius ​ (m. 1724)​

Johan Willem Crolius (d. 1779) , also known as William Crolius, was a German-born American potter who owned kilns in New York City. The business he started operated in New York City from 1730s - 1850s and originally was located on Potbaker's Hill, an underdeveloped area of Lower Manhattan.

He established a dynasty of potters in New York that existed until the 1850s. The Crolius has been called the most important stoneware makers in the history of the USA. As his workshop created some of the earliest known examples of stoneware in the USA, he may have introduced salt-glaze stoneware to North America. Crolius products were widely distributed across several states. ^{[1] [2] [3]}

Early life

Crolius was born in Neuwird in the Westerwald region of present-day Germany. Crolius migrated from Eifel to New York City around 1718.

Career

Crolius started his workshop Manhattan sometime before 1730.

His work is associated with other New York pottery families Remney, Commeraw and Kemple. There were over 15 potters named over several generations. ^[4]

Personal life

In 1724 he married Veronica Cortselius, also born in Neuwird, at the Dutch Reformed Church, New York. ^[5]

He was a member of the Dutch Reformed Church with other potters from his region: Johannes Remmi and Kemple. Crolius enslaved the family of Thomas Commeraw, manumitting them in his will after he died in 1779.

References

1. Swank, Scott T. (1983). Arts of the Pennsylvania Germans. Henry Francis du Pont Winterthur Museum (published February 13, 2012). ISBN   978-0-393-01749-6.
2. Burrison, John A. (2017-12-04). Global Clay: Themes in World Ceramic Traditions. Indiana University Press. ISBN   978-0-253-03534-9.
3. Drawing on America's Past: Folk Art, Modernism, and the Index of American Design. UNC Press Books. 2002. ISBN   978-0-8078-2794-9.
4. Richman, Jeff (2012-02-13). "Crolius Potters". Green-Wood. Retrieved 2025-03-17.
5. New Jersey Historical Society (1914). Nelson, William (ed.). Documents relating to the Revolutionary history of the State of New Jersey. Vol. IV. Robarts - University of Toronto. Trenton. pp. 47–48.