John Carraway Smith | |
|---|---|
| Born | Abt. 1819 South Carolina, USA |
| Died | 29 July 1868 Madison County, Florida, USA |
| Allegiance |  Confederate States of America |
| Service |  Confederate States Army |
| Years of service | 1862 - 1865 |
| Rank |  Colonel |
| Commands | 2nd Florida Cavalry Regiment |
| Battles / wars | American Civil War |
Colonel John Carraway Smith (Abt. 1819 - July 29, 1868) was an officer in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.
John Carraway Smith was born in South Carolina circa 1819. He married Sarah Bellamy on December 15, 1848, in Madison, FL. [1] In 1850 he served as an attorney in Monticello, FL, [2] and by 1860 he was a listed as a planter in Madison, FL.
Smith was commissioned Captain of Co. I, 2nd Regiment, Florida Cavalry on March 1, 1862, and served in that post until he was promoted Colonel [3] over the entire regiment on September 8, 1862, in Tallahassee, FL. [4] He saw service at the Battle of Olustee [5] and was heavily criticized for not pursuing the Union Army after the battle. [6] [4] Even so, he continued to serve until he was paroled in Baldwin, FL May 17, 1865.
Smith only lived three years after the war ended, dying on July 29, 1868.
The Confederate States Army, also called the Confederate Army or the Southern Army, was the military land force of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War (1861–1865), fighting against the United States forces to win the independence of the Southern states and uphold and expand the institution of slavery. On February 28, 1861, the Provisional Confederate Congress established a provisional volunteer army and gave control over military operations and authority for mustering state forces and volunteers to the newly chosen Confederate States president, Jefferson Davis (1808-1889),. Davis was a graduate of the United States Military Academy, on the Hudson River at West Point, New York, colonel of a volunteer regiment during the Mexican–American War (1846-1848). He had also been a United States senator from Mississippi and served as U.S. Secretary of War under 14th President Franklin Pierce. On March 1, 1861, on behalf of the new Confederate States government, Davis assumed control of the military situation at Charleston Harbor in Charleston, South Carolina, where South Carolina state militia had besieged the longtime Federal Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor, held by a small U.S. Army garrison under the command of Major Robert Anderson. (1805-1871). By March 1861, the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States meeting in the temporary capital of Montgomery, Alabama, expanded the provisional military forces and established a more permanent regular Confederate States Army.
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