William Johnson Jr. was an American attorney,state legislator,and jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1804 until his death in 1834. When he was 32 years old,Johnson was appointed to the Supreme Court by President Thomas Jefferson. He was the first Jeffersonian Republican member of the Court as well as the second Justice from the state of South Carolina. During his tenure,Johnson restored the act of delivering seriatim opinions. He wrote about half of the dissents during the Marshall Court,leading historians to nickname him the "first dissenter".
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest-ranking judicial body in the United States. Established by Article III of the Constitution,the detailed structure of the court was laid down by the 1st United States Congress in 1789. Congress specified the Court's original and appellate jurisdiction,created 13 judicial districts,and fixed the initial size of the Supreme Court. The number of justices on the Supreme Court changed six times before settling at the present total of nine in 1869. As of June 2022,a total of 116 justices have served on the Supreme Court since 1789. Justices have life tenure,and so they serve until they die in office,resign or retire,or are impeached and removed from office.
Lewis Franklin Powell Jr. was an American lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1972 to 1987.
Isaac Beverly Lake Jr. was an American jurist and politician,who served as chief justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court.
Sarah Elizabeth Parker is an American judge who served as the chief justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court from February 2006 until August 2014.
George L. Wainwright Jr. is a former Associate Justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court.
Robert Holt Edmunds Jr. is an American lawyer,formerly an associate justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court.
John Johnston Parker was an American politician and United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. He was an unsuccessful nominee for associate justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1930. He was also the United States alternate judge at the Nuremberg trials of accused Nazi war criminals and later served on the United Nations' International Law Commission.
Harlan Fiske Stone was an American attorney and jurist who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1925 to 1941 and then as the 12th chief justice of the United States from 1941 until his death in 1946. He also served as the U.S. Attorney General from 1924 to 1925 under President Calvin Coolidge,with whom he had attended Amherst College as a young man. His most famous dictum was:"Courts are not the only agency of government that must be assumed to have capacity to govern."
Henry E. Frye is an American judge and politician who served as the first African-American chief justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court.
James Gooden Exum Jr. also known as Jim Exum is an American jurist who served on the North Carolina Supreme Court from 1975 to 1994,and as chief justice from 1986 to 1994.
Ernest Adolphus Finney Jr. was the first African-American Supreme Court Justice appointed to the South Carolina Supreme Court since the Reconstruction Era. He spent the last years of his life in Sumter,South Carolina. He was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.
The Ellsworth Court refers to the Supreme Court of the United States from 1796 to 1800,when Oliver Ellsworth served as the third Chief Justice of the United States. Ellsworth took office after the Senate refused to confirm the nomination of Chief Justice John Rutledge,who briefly served as a Chief Justice as a recess appointment. Ellsworth served as Chief Justice until his resignation,at which point John Marshall took office. With some exceptions,the Ellsworth Court was the last Supreme Court to use seriatim opinions.
John Rutledge was an American Founding Father,politician,and jurist who served as one of the original associate justices of the Supreme Court and the second chief justice of the United States. Additionally,he served as the first president of South Carolina and later as its first governor after the Declaration of Independence was signed.
Charles Albert Woods was an Associate Justice of the South Carolina Supreme Court and then a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
Philip Berger Jr. is an American lawyer who has served as an associate justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court since 2021.
One justice of the seven-member North Carolina Supreme Court and five judges of the 15-member North Carolina Court of Appeals were elected by North Carolina voters on November 8,2016,concurrently with other state elections. Terms for seats on each court are eight years.
George C. James,Jr is an American lawyer and judge,who serves as a justice of the South Carolina Supreme Court.
John Rutledge was twice nominated by President George Washington to the Supreme Court of the United States,being nominated and confirmed in 1789 as an associate justice,and being unsuccessfully nominated in 1795 to serve as chief justice.
