Jon Lindgren | |
---|---|
32nd Mayor of Fargo, North Dakota | |
In office 1978–1994 | |
Preceded by | Richard A. Hentges |
Succeeded by | Bruce Furness |
Personal details | |
Born | Jon Gilmore Lindgren 1939 (age 84–85) Lanyon,Iowa,U.S. |
Education | Iowa State University (BS) University of Missouri (PhD) |
Profession | Politician,advocate,professor |
Jon Gilmore Lindgren (born 1939) is an American politician who was the mayor of Fargo,North Dakota,an advocate for LGBT rights,and a professor at North Dakota State University.
Lindgren was born in Lanyon,Iowa,in 1939. He received a B.S. in 1960 from Iowa State University and his Ph.D. from the University of Missouri in 1968. Jon Lindgren was Chair of the Economics Department at North Dakota State University.
Lindgren served as mayor of Fargo,North Dakota from 1978 until 1994 and was the second longest serving mayor;he was succeeded by Bruce Furness.
Lindgren was staunchly opposed to the 12th Avenue bridge connecting Fargo,North Dakota and Moorhead,Minnesota,before he was elected mayor of Fargo. He did not agree with the findings of the Bridge Company and other organizations. Lindgren did not feel a bridge was necessary and he focused on the impact the bridge would have on residential neighborhoods,the environment,the structure of the bridge,who would pay for its construction,and how feasible the bridge would be economically. [1] Lindgren held some liberal views on LGBT rights and abortion,which caused some controversy within the city.
Lindgren was possibly the first elected official in North Dakota to express support for gay rights in North Dakota.
The Fargo LGBT community had several popular hangouts in the 1970s,i.e. "The Flame" bar,Roger's Sandwich Shop on Broadway and a Chinese restaurant that became a disco at night. [2] However,no business existed that primarily catered to the gay community.
It was in the early 1980s that a business owner named Lenny Tweeden sought to open a gay bar named "My Place",in the face of significant local opposition. As mayor,Lindgren was supportive of the right for this establishment to exist. Years later,Tweeden said that "My Place" survived for as long as it did,thanks in no small part to Lindgren. [3]
While Lindgren was unable to pass any citywide LGBT civil right bill as mayor,he did issued several official pride proclamations in the 1980s,which were opposed by a majority of the city council,and publicly expressed his support for LGBT rights. [4] [5] [6]
Lindgren was instrumental in helping to keep violence to a minimum during the 1980s - early 1990s,when some advocates were willing to use violence to advance their cause. [7] There were no instances of violence nor any threats of violence. At its height,the Lambs of Christ anti-abortion group,were arrested for what most term civil disobedience for blocking access to the abortion facility by passive means. Many in the group were convicted for the misdemeanors of criminal trespass and preventing arrest as reported in the New York Times. [8]
Jon is a former president of the Red River Free Thinkers [9] and publishes frequently on their website. Lindgren's blog,Views of a Freethinker is a Featured Areal Voices [10] in Forum Communications Company's newspapers. Since the blog's inception in 2011 it has had over half a million visits.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,queer,intersex,and asexual (LGBTQIA+) people frequently experience violence directed toward their sexuality,gender identity,or gender expression. This violence may be enacted by the state,as in laws prescribing punishment for homosexual acts,or by individuals. It may be psychological or physical and motivated by biphobia,gayphobia,homophobia,lesbophobia,aphobia,and transphobia. Influencing factors may be cultural,religious,or political mores and biases.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBT) rights in Croatia have expanded since the turn of the 21st century,especially in the 2010s and 2020s. However,LGBT people still face some legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. The status of same-sex relationships was first formally recognized in 2003 under a law dealing with unregistered cohabitations. As a result of a 2013 referendum,the Constitution of Croatia defines marriage solely as a union between a woman and man,effectively prohibiting same-sex marriage. Since the introduction of the Life Partnership Act in 2014,same-sex couples have effectively enjoyed rights equal to heterosexual married couples in almost all of its aspects,except adoption. In 2022,a final court judgement allowed same-sex adoption under the same conditions as for mixed-sex couples. Same-sex couples in Croatia can also apply for foster care since 2020. Croatian law forbids all discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation,gender identity,and gender expression in all civil and state matters;any such identity is considered a private matter,and such information gathering for any purpose is forbidden as well.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBT) people in Belarus face severe challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Although same-sex sexual activity is legal in Belarus,gay and lesbian rights in the country are otherwise severely limited and homosexuality remains highly stigmatized in Belarusian society. Households headed by same-sex couples are not eligible for the same legal protections available to opposite-sex couples. Belarus provides no anti-discrimination protections for LGBT people,nor does it prohibit hate crimes based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Many Belarusian people believe that homosexuality is a psychiatric illness,and many LGBT persons in Belarus tend to hide their sexual orientation in public. Those who are "out" face harassment,violence and physical abuse.
The Queer &Trans Alliance,formerly known as the Ten Percent Society,is the name of the first gay rights organization in North Dakota created by students and faculty at the University of North Dakota in 1982. The organization gained its original name from a widely held belief that scientist Alfred Kinsey's research in the 1940s and 1950s had stated that ten percent of the population was gay. While the organization had little early success,it started to foster an increased tolerance for gay people and a more active LGBT rights movement in North Dakota.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBTQ) people in Jamaica face legal and social issues not experienced by heterosexual and gender-conforming people. Consensual sexual intercourse between same-sex partners is legally punishable by up to 10 years of imprisonment in the country.
LGBT+ Labour is the socialist society officially representing the LGBTQ wing of the Labour Party in the United Kingdom. The purpose of the organisation is to campaign within the Labour Party,and the wider Labour movement to promote the rights of lesbian,gay,bisexual and transgender (LGBTQ) people,and to encourage members of the LGBT community to support the Labour Party.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBT) people in Moldova face legal and social challenges and discrimination not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. Households headed by same-sex couples are not eligible for the same rights and benefits as households headed by opposite-sex couples. Same-sex unions are not recognized in the country,so consequently same-sex couples have little to no legal protection. Nevertheless,Moldova bans discrimination based on sexual orientation in the workplace,and same-sex sexual activity has been legal since 1995.
Moscow Pride was a demonstration of lesbians,gays,bisexuals,and transgender people (LGBT). It was intended to take place in May annually since 2006 in the Russian capital Moscow,but has been regularly banned by Moscow City Hall,headed by Mayor Yuri Luzhkov until 2010. The demonstrations in 2006,2007,and 2008 were all accompanied by homophobic attacks,which was avoided in 2009 by moving the site of the demonstration at the last minute. The organizers of all of the demonstrations were Nikolai Alekseev and the Russian LGBT Human Rights Project Gayrussia.ru. In June 2012,Moscow courts enacted a hundred-year ban on gay pride parades. The European Court of Human Rights has repeatedly ruled that such bans violate freedom of assembly guaranteed by the European Convention of Human Rights.
The Jerusalem Open House for Pride and Tolerance is a nonprofit organization,founded in 1997 that runs an LGBTQ community center offering educational and social events and a health center that provides physical and mental care. Since 2002,JOH has also organized an annual Jerusalem Pride march.
William Gary Whatcott,known as Bill Whatcott,is a Canadian social conservative activist who campaigns against homosexuality and abortion. The dramatic nature of his activities have attracted attention from the media,including an appearance on The Daily Show. He has also run for political office in Toronto,Saskatchewan and Edmonton.
This is a timeline of notable events in the history of the lesbian,gay,bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community in Canada. For a broad overview of LGBT history in Canada see LGBT history in Canada.
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Mary Morten,a lifelong activist in Chicago,has dedicated her voice to advocate for marginalized communities. Morten was inducted into the Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame in 1996. Morten served as the first African-American president of the Chicago chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW),is an author and filmmaker on African-American lesbian experiences,and has led organizations such as the Chicago Abortion Fund and Chicago Foundation for Women. Notably,Morten directed the City of Chicago's Advisory Council on Gay and Lesbian issues in 1996.
LGBTQ history in the United States consists of the contributions and struggles of lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender and queer (LGBTQ) people,as well as the LGBTQ social movements they have built.
The David Bohnett Foundation is a private foundation that gives grants to organizations that focus on its core giving areas –primarily Los Angeles area programs and LGBT rights in the United States,as well as leadership initiatives and voter education,gun violence prevention,and animal language research. It was founded by David Bohnett in 1999. As of 2022,the foundation has donated $125 million to nonprofit organizations and initiatives.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Fargo,North Dakota,USA.
The state of North Dakota has improved in its treatment of lesbian,gay,bisexual and transgender residents in the late 1990s and into the 21st Century,when the LGBT community began to openly establish events,organizations and outlets for fellow LGBT residents and allies,and increase in political and community awareness.
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