Plastic surgery is a surgical specialty involving the restoration, reconstruction or alteration of the human body. It can be divided into two main categories: reconstructive surgery and cosmetic surgery. Reconstructive surgery includes craniofacial surgery, hand surgery, microsurgery, and the treatment of burns. While reconstructive surgery aims to reconstruct a part of the body or improve its functioning, cosmetic surgery aims to improve the appearance of it. A comprehensive definition of plastic surgery has never been established, because it has no distinct anatomical object and thus overlaps with practically all other surgical specialties. An essential feature of plastic surgery is that it involves the treatment of conditions that require or may require tissue relocation skills.
Breast augmentation and augmentation mammoplasty is a cosmetic surgery technique using breast-implants and fat-graft mammoplasty techniques to increase the size, change the shape, and alter the texture of the breasts. Augmentation mammoplasty is applied to correct congenital defects of the breasts and the chest wall. As an elective cosmetic surgery, primary augmentation changes the aesthetics – of size, shape, and texture – of healthy breasts.
Reconstructive surgery is surgery performed to restore normal appearance and function to body parts malformed by a disease or medical condition.
Labiaplasty is a plastic surgery procedure for creating or altering the labia minora and the labia majora, the folds of skin of the human vulva. It is a type of vulvoplasty. There are two main categories of women seeking cosmetic genital surgery: those with congenital conditions such as intersex, and those with no underlying condition who experience physical discomfort or wish to alter the appearance of their vulvas because they believe they do not fall within a normal range.
JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery was a peer-reviewed medical journal published by the American Medical Association. It was established in 1999 as the Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. The founding editor was Wayne F Larrabee Jr. The title was changed in 2013 in concert with founding of the JAMA Network and rebranding of associated specialty journals. Its content included all aspects of reconstructive and cosmetic surgery of the head and neck.
Hand surgery deals with both surgical and non-surgical treatment of conditions and problems that may take place in the hand or upper extremity including injury and infection. Hand surgery may be practiced by post graduates of orthopedic surgery and plastic surgery.
A breast implant is a prosthesis used to change the size, shape, and contour of a person's breast. In reconstructive plastic surgery, breast implants can be placed to restore a natural looking breast following a mastectomy, to correct congenital defects and deformities of the chest wall or, cosmetically, to enlarge the appearance of the breast through breast augmentation surgery.
G. Patrick Maxwell is a plastic surgeon and an assistant clinical professor of surgery at Vanderbilt University, based in Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ASAPS) is an organization of approximately 2,600 plastic surgeons worldwide devoted to the advancement of cosmetic surgery. Founded in 1967, their mission includes medical education, public education and patient advocacy. ASAPS sponsors scientific conferences throughout the year and offers Continuing Medical Education (CME) credits for various educational activities.
Symmastia is a condition defined as a confluence of the breast tissue of both breasts across the intermammary cleft that normally divides them. It can be surgically corrected by a plastic surgeon through symmastia revision.
Jack Penn, M.B., Ch.B., F.R.C.S.(E.), Mil. Dec. M.B.E., S.M., was a plastic and reconstructive surgeon, sculptor and author, who was also for a time a member of the President's Council in South Africa.
Wexham Park Hospital is a large NHS hospital in Slough, Berkshire. It has been managed by Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust since 2014. Sir Andrew Morris is the Trust's chief executive.
Clitoral hood reduction, also termed clitoral hoodectomy, clitoral unhooding, clitoridotomy, or (partial) hoodectomy, is a plastic surgery procedure for reducing the size and the area of the clitoral hood in order to further expose the clitoral glans of the clitoris.
Aesthetic medicine is a branch of modern medicine that focuses on altering cosmetic appearance through the treatment of conditions including scars, skin laxity, wrinkles, moles, liver spots, excess fat, cellulite, unwanted hair, skin discoloration, and spider veins. Traditionally, it includes dermatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, reconstructive surgery and plastic surgery, surgical procedures, non-surgical procedures, and a combination of both. Aesthetic medicine procedures are usually elective. There is a long history of aesthetic medicine procedures, dating back to many notable cases in the 19th century, though techniques have developed much since then.
The Argentine Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (SACPER) is a medical nonprofit association, which includes doctors specialized in plastic surgery in Argentina.
Andrew A. Jacono, M.D., FACS is an American facial surgeon and creator of the minimal access deep-plane extended facelift, a minimally invasive hybrid facelift. Jacono starred in the Discovery Fit & Health television program Facing Trauma as the volunteer surgeon who reconstructed faces disfigured in abusive relationships and other violent circumstances.
Aesthetic Surgery Journal is a peer-reviewed medical journal that covers the field of plastic surgery. The journal's editor-in-chief is Foad Nahai. It was established in 1996 as Aesthetic Surgery Quarterly and is currently published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ASAPS).
Marko Godina was a Slovenian plastic surgeon and reconstructive microsurgery pioneer, son of the writer Ferdo Godina. He studied medicine in Zagreb (Croatia), in Great Britain and in the United States. He also studied languages. Later he specialised for hand surgery and held lectures all over the world. In the Medical Centre Ljubljana (Slovenia), he formed and trained a team of surgeons that has become world-wide known after the surgery of amputated extremities. In 1984, he was the first ever to perform temporary ectopic banking of the amputated hand to the axilla to salvage the mutilated upper extremity, which he re-transplanted back to the receiving stump two months later. He was among the founding members of the European Hand Surgery Course. He and his wife Vesna died in a car crash on the road from Zagreb to Ljubljana. The Marko Godina Travelling Fellowship to provide a scholarship for a visiting plastic surgery scholar to visit the centers of their choice including Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns in Ljubljana has been named after him.
An auricular splint (AS) or ear splint is a custom-made medical device that is used to maintain auricular projection and dimensions following second stage auricular reconstruction. The AS is made from ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), which is typically used to make custom-made mouthguards and was developed by a team from Great Ormond Street Hospital in the United Kingdom.
Anthony Graeme Bowman Perks FRCS FRACS is a British plastic surgeon, and the former president of the British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons (BAPRAS). He was specialist in microsurgical reconstruction after cancer surgery, and the former head of the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Burns Surgery at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust.
