Julio Grave de Peralta | |
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Birth name | Julio Grave de Peralta y Zayas [1] |
Born | April 24, 1834 Holguín, Captaincy General of Cuba, Spanish Empire |
Died | June 24, 1872 Guantánamo Province, Captaincy General of Cuba, Spanish Empire |
Allegiance | ![]() |
Service/ | Cuban Liberation Army |
Years of service | 1868-1872 |
Rank | General |
Unit | Second Division, Army of Oriente |
Commands | 3rd Brigade, Department of Holguín Province |
Battles/wars | Ten Years' War † |
Julio Grave de Peralta y Zayas (April 24, 1834 - June 24, 1872) was a Cuban army general who was killed in combat during the Ten Years' War.
Julio Grave de Peralta was born in Holguín, Cuba on April 24, 1834. [2] His brother was Belisario Grave de Peralta. He was the uncle of the former Mayor of Havana, Perfecto Lacoste. [3]
Between October 17 to November 6, 1868, Holguín was besieged in a pro-independence uprising by forces led by Julio Grave de Peralta, shortly after the Ten Years' War began. [4]
In April 1869, he was assigned to the Cuban Liberation Army's Second Division, Army of Oriente under Maj. Gen. Thomas Jordan. He served as the general in command of the 3rd Brigade, overseeing operations in the Department of Holguín Province. [5]
On June 6, 1872, an expedition led by Gen. Grave de Peralta and Col. William A.C. Ryan embarked from New York aboard the filibustering steamer known as the "Fannie". [6] Following its departure from the United States for Cuba, the vessel became aground on a reef and ended up twelve miles northwest of Baracoa on June 22, 1872. The crew worked for thirty hours to get the Fannie off the reef, but as coal was being thrown overboard, the vessel caught fire and burned. [7] As a result of the Fannie's grounding, the vessel landed its cargo of war material and 56 Cuban mambí fighters under the command of Grave De Peralta. Once the filibusters made landfall, they buried the vessel's arms and ammunition in the woods. [6] Gen. Jose Valera, a high-ranking Spanish army officer, along with the forces under his command in that jurisdiction saw the burning vessel. In the initial engagement, the Spanish troops killed Grave de Peralta and captured five others. [8] The prisoners led Valera to the buried cargo who subsequently seized the arms and ammunition as well as important correspondence for Carlos Manuel de Céspedes that was on the fallen general. [9] Among the documents captured were some blank commissions and a number of proclamations signed by Grave de Peralta. [10]
Julio Grave de Peralta died on June 24, 1872 in Guantánamo Province in Cuba.
Following his death, Gen. Julio Grave de Peralta was succeeded by Gen. Máximo Gómez in the Cuban Liberation Army. [11]
The Battle of Tayacoba, June 30, 1898, was an American special operations effort to land supplies and reinforcements to Cuban rebels fighting for their independence in the Spanish–American War.
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Major-General Joseph Robert Davis was an American politician and lawyer who served as the commanding general of the Mississippi National Guard from 1888 to 1895. During the American Civil War, he served as aide-de-camp to the President of the Confederate States and commanded a brigade in the Army of Northern Virginia. He is best known for his role at Gettysburg. A member of the Democratic Party, he represented Madison and Scott counties in the Mississippi Senate from 1860 to 1861.
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Bartolomé Félix Morales y Ramírez was a lieutenant colonel of the Spanish infantry who served as lieutenant governor in Holguín, Cuba, and briefly as an interim governor of East Florida. As commandant of the third battalion of Cuba, he was appointed to posts in the Cuban cities of Bayamo, Cobre and Holguín, and commanded the Spanish garrison in St. Augustine, Florida.
Lieutenant-General Luis Manuel de Pando y Sánchez was a Spanish general during the Spanish–American War, a Civil Governor of the Province of Santiago, Cuba. He was nominated for the Cross of San Fernando, promoted to the rank of Colonel of the Army of the field of battle by His Majesty King Alfonso XII, and the youngest General in the Spanish Army.
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Jesús del Sol was a Cuban statesman and high-ranking Cuban military figure who was executed in the Virginius Affair during the Ten Years' War.
Bernabé Varona, also known as Bembetta, was a Cuban revolutionary and mambí General who was executed during the Ten Years' War in 1873.
William A.C. Ryan, also known as William Albert Charles Ryan was a Canadian-born Civil War veteran and mambí colonel who was executed in the Virginius Affair during the Ten Years' War.
Domingo de Goicouria was a Cuban revolutionary and army general who was executed during the Ten Years' War.
Manuel de Quesada y Loynaz was a Cuban revolutionary and the first General-in-Chief of the Cuban Liberation Army who fought against Spain in the Ten Years' War.
The Battle of Las Tunas was a military engagement of the Ten Years' War. It took place on August 16, 1869, in the city of Las Tunas, Oriente in Cuba. It was organized to rescue families of Cubans that were held in the town.
José de Valera was a high-ranking Spanish military figure who distinguished himself in Cuba's Ten Years' War.
Enrique Boniche was a prominent Spanish military general who served in the Dominican Restoration War and the Ten Years' War in Cuba.
Francisco Muñoz Rubalcava was a Cuban patriot, mambí soldier, and poet who was executed during the Ten Years' War in Cuba.
Belisario Grave de Peralta y Zayas was a Cuban army general during Cuba's Ten Years' War.