The island of Cuba was inhabited by various Native American cultures prior to the arrival of the explorer Christopher Columbus in 1492. After his arrival,Spain conquered Cuba and appointed Spanish governors to rule in Havana. The administrators in Cuba were subject to the Viceroy of New Spain and the local authorities in Hispaniola. In 1762–63,Havana was briefly occupied by Britain,before being returned to Spain in exchange for Florida. A series of rebellions between 1868 and 1898,led by General Máximo Gómez,failed to end Spanish rule and claimed the lives of 49,000 Cuban guerrillas and 126,000 Spanish soldiers. However,the Spanish–American War resulted in a Spanish withdrawal from the island in 1898,and following three and a half years of subsequent US military rule,Cuba gained formal independence in 1902.
Alfredo de Zayas y Alfonso,usually known as Alfredo de Zayas under Spanish naming customs and also known as Alfredo Zayas,was a Cuban lawyer,poet and political figure. He served as prosecutor,judge,mayor of Havana,secretary of the Constitutional Convention,senator in 1905,president of the Senate in 1906,Vice President of Cuba from 1909 to 1913 and President of Cuba from May 20,1921,to May 20,1925.
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Cuba.
The All Cubans were a team of Cuban professional baseball players that toured the United States during 1899 and 1902–05,playing against white semiprofessional and Negro league teams. The team was the first Latin American professional baseball team to tour the United States. As a racially integrated team,future major league players Armando Marsans and Rafael Almeida got their start in the United States on the team. The team was also a forerunner for later Negro league teams staffed by Latin American players,such as the Cuban Stars (West),the Cuban Stars (East),and the New York Cubans. Negro league stars Luis Bustamante and Carlos Morán started their American careers with the All Cubans.
The Provisional Government of Cuba lasted from September 1906 to February 1909. This period was also referred to as the Second Occupation of Cuba.
The Republic of Cuba,covering the historical period in Cuban history between 1902 and 1959,was an island country comprised the island of Cuba,as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. It was located where the northern Caribbean Sea,Gulf of Mexico,and Atlantic Ocean meet. The period began in 1902 following the end of its first U.S. military occupation years after Cuba declared independence in 1898 from the Spanish Empire. This era included various changing governments and US military occupations,and ended with the outbreak of the Cuban Revolution in 1959. During this period,the United States exerted great influence on Cuban politics,notably through the Platt Amendment.
Rear Admiral Warner Baldwin Bayley was a United States Navy officer. His career specialized in engineering and included service in the Spanish–American War and the investigation of the sinking of the battleship USS Maine.
Esteban Mesa Montejo was a Cuban slave who escaped to freedom before slavery was abolished on the island in 1886. He lived as a maroon in the mountains until that time. He also served in the war of independence in Cuba. He is known for having his biography published in 1966,in both Spanish and English,several years before his death and when he was already at least in his 90s. He seems to have lived to be about 104. In 1997 Michael Zeuske,a German historian and field researcher of Cuban slavery and life histories,found evidence of Esteban Montejo's real date of birth in the baptismal registers - not 1860,but 1868
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Guantánamo,Cuba.
Pedro Pablo Cazañas y Garcia (1902–1978) was a Cuban judge and politician.
Enriqueta García y Martín de Cazañas (1862–1930) was a prominent Cuban socialite,landowner,and agricultural businesswoman.
Between 1902 and 1959,the economy of Cuba was characterized by significant American influence,especially through the dominance of U.S. fruit companies like the United Fruit Company,which controlled large agricultural estates and played a major role in the sugar and fruit export sectors. The U.S. investment extended to the tourism industry,with American entrepreneurs developing hotels and casinos,particularly in Havana,making tourism a major economic driver. This period also saw political instability and the rise of organized crime,which impacted the tourism sector. The Cuban Revolution of 1959 led to the nationalization of industries and the cessation of economic ties with the United States,drastically altering Cuba's economic landscape.
Pedro Esteban y González-Larrinaga,also known as Marquis de Esteban,was the last Spanish Mayor of Havana elected under Spanish rule.
Julio Grave de Peralta y Zayas was a Cuban army general who was killed in combat during the Ten Years' War.
Belisario Grave de Peralta y Zayas was a Cuban army general during Cuba's Ten Years' War.
Manuel Sanguily was a Cuban statesmen,independence activist,historian,and patriot who participated in the Ten Years' War.
Vidal Morales y Morales was a Cuban lawyer,writer,and historian.
JoséIgnacio Rodríguez was a Cuban-American lawyer,jurist,writer,historian,and pro-Pan Americanist. He was the first librarian of the Pan American Union and Columbus Memorial Library. Rodríguez served as legal counsel for numerous Cuban claimants before various Spanish and American claims commissions,including the cases of Antonio Maximo Mora,Julio Sanguily,Néstor Ponce de León,Jose M. Delgado,and the Virginius affair.
Juan Santos Fernández was a Cuban opthalmologist,writer,and an early contributor to the public health and medical field in Cuba.
