Halsbury's Laws of England is a uniquely comprehensive encyclopaedia of law, and provides the only complete narrative statement of law in England and Wales. It has an alphabetised title scheme covering all areas of law, drawing on authorities including Acts of the United Kingdom, Measures of the Welsh Assembly, UK case law and European law. It is written by or in consultation with experts in the relevant field.
A justice of the peace (JP) is a judicial officer of a lower or puisne court, elected or appointed by means of a commission to keep the peace. In past centuries the term commissioner of the peace was often used with the same meaning. Depending on the jurisdiction, such justices dispense summary justice or merely deal with local administrative applications in common law jurisdictions. Justices of the peace are appointed or elected from the citizens of the jurisdiction in which they serve, and are usually not required to have any formal legal education in order to qualify for the office. Some jurisdictions have varying forms of training for JPs.
The courts of quarter sessions or quarter sessions were local courts traditionally held at four set times each year in the Kingdom of England from 1388 until the end of the kingdom, then in 18th-century Great Britain, in the later United Kingdom, and in other dominions of the British Empire.
The courts of assize, or assizes, were periodic courts held around England and Wales until 1972, when together with the quarter sessions they were abolished by the Courts Act 1971 and replaced by a single permanent Crown Court. The assizes exercised both civil and criminal jurisdiction, though most of their work was on the criminal side. The assizes heard the most serious cases, which were committed to it by the quarter sessions, while the more minor offences were dealt with summarily by justices of the peace in petty sessions.
The first signs of the modern distinction between criminal and civil proceedings were during the Norman conquest of England in 1066. The earliest criminal trials had very little, if any, settled law to apply. However, the civil delictual law was highly developed and consistent in its operation.
In the legal system of England and Wales, there is a history of involving lay people, namely people from the local community who are not required to hold any legal qualifications, in the judicial decision-making process of the courts. They are called justices of the peace or magistrates.
In 1861 the British Parliament passed the first of a long series of Statute Law Revision Acts. The most important action, was the nomination of Statute Law Committee by Lord Chancellor Cairns in 1868, the practical result of which was the issuing of the first edition of the Revised Statutes in eighteen volumes, bringing the revision of statute law down to 1886.
The 24 & 25 Vict c 95, sometimes referred to as the Criminal Statutes Repeal Act 1861, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
Cox's Criminal Cases are a series of law reports of cases decided from 1843 to 26 June 1941.
Reports of Cases at Nisi Prius, in the Queen's Bench, Common Pleas, and Exchequer, together with Cases tried in the Central Criminal Court, and on the Circuit, from Michaelmas Term, 1823, to Easter Term, 1841 is the title of a collection of nominate reports by F A Carrington and J Payne, of cases decided between approximately 1823 and 1841. They were published in nine royal octavo volumes from 1825 to 1841, by S Sweet.
Stone's Justices' Manual is a book published by LexisNexis Butterworths. It is "the standard work on summary procedure". It displaced Burn's Justices of the Peace as the standard work on that subject from 1850 onwards. By 1914, it was old, well-established and formidably large.
The Administration of Justice is the process by which the legal system of a government is executed. The presumed goal of such an administration is to provide justice for all those accessing the legal system. The phrase is also commonly used to describe a University degree, which can be a prerequisite for a job in law enforcement or government.
In Sri Lanka, a Justice of the Peace and Unofficial magistrate is a judicial appointment made by the Minister of Justice to a particular jurisdiction under the Judicature Act No 02 of 1978. An Unofficial magistrate is a senior Attorney at law, who is a Justice of the Peace and has the powers and authority vested in a Magistrate except the power to hear, try, or determine civil or criminal cases. Persons appointed as Unofficial magistrates may use the post-nominal JP, UM.
James John Lonsdale (1810–1886), second son of James Lonsdale the artist (1777–1839), was born on 5 April 1810. He was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn on 22 November 1836. He was secretary to the Criminal Law Commission in 1842. He was recorder of Folkestone from 5 August 1847 to the time of his death. He was judge of circuit No. 11 in the West Riding of Yorkshire from 14 February 1855 to 19 March 1867 and judge of circuit No. 48 in Kent from 19 March 1867 to March 1884. He died at The Cottage, Sandgate, Kent, 11 November 1886.
The law of Peru includes a constitution and legislation. The law of Perú is part of the roman-germanic tradition that concedes the utmost importance to the written law, therefore, statutes known as leyes are the primary source of the law.
The law of Hungary is civil law. It was first codified during the socialist period.
Clarence Gabriel Moran, barrister and writer, was educated at Wadham College, Oxford, where he obtained a third in Mods in 1897, and graduated BA in 1899. He obtained a first class pass in Roman law in the Trinity Bar Examinations, 1901. He became a barrister of the Inner Temple in January 1902. He was an examiner of the court, empowered to take examination of witnesses in all Divisions of the High Court. He was assistant deputy coroner for the South London District from 1927. He is said to have been "well known" and "noteworthy".
Certain former courts of England and Wales have been abolished or merged into or with other courts, and certain other courts of England and Wales have fallen into disuse.
Charles Beavan (1805-1884) was a British barrister and law reporter.
Encyclopaedia of the Laws of England is an encyclopedia of English law edited by Alexander Wood Renton and (captain) Maxwell Alexander Robertson. The first edition was published as Encyclopaedia of the Laws of England, Being a New Abridgment, in thirteen volumes, from 1897 to 1903. The second edition was published as Encyclopaedia of the Laws of England, with Forms and Precedents, in seventeen volumes, from 1906 to 1919. Volumes one to five of the third edition, revised, edited by Ernest Arthur Jelf, were published from 1938 to 1940.
