Kalkan (radar)

Last updated

Kalkan (Turkish for "shield") is a phased array [1] 3D search and track radar system for low and medium range air defense mission operations. [1] [2]

Contents

It is designed and manufactured by Aselsan, a Turkish corporation that produces electronic systems for the Turkish Armed Forces.

Kalkan is currently the main radar of the Turkish Armed Forces' mobile Air Defense Early Warning and Command Control System (HERİKKS) and Medium Altitude Air Defense Missile System Hisar, [2] entering into service in 2008. [3] ASELSAN introduced to the market a new version of the radar, KALKAN-II, and exhibited at International Defence Industry Fair (IDEF) 2017.

As part of the Next Generation Air Defense Early Warning Radar (KALKAN-II) Procurement Agreement signed between the Ministry of National Defense and ASELSAN in 2016, the acceptance of a total of 11 systems has been completed. The three dimensional radar systems are used as the main search radar of the Turkish Land Forces Command Air Defense Early Warning Command Control System (HERIKKS) and the Medium-Altitude Air Defense missile system (Hisar-O). [4]

Description

Kalkan-II is a mobile X band phased array 3D search and track radar for point and area defense of critical military and civilian assets. KALKAN-II offers an instrumented range of 120 km and can track multiple targets accurately, adding classification and identification information to each target track.

Applications

Features

Technical Specifications

Operators

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Active electronically scanned array</span> Type of phased array radar

An active electronically scanned array (AESA) is a type of phased array antenna, which is a computer-controlled antenna array in which the beam of radio waves can be electronically steered to point in different directions without moving the antenna. In the AESA, each antenna element is connected to a small solid-state transmit/receive module (TRM) under the control of a computer, which performs the functions of a transmitter and/or receiver for the antenna. This contrasts with a passive electronically scanned array (PESA), in which all the antenna elements are connected to a single transmitter and/or receiver through phase shifters under the control of the computer. AESA's main use is in radar, and these are known as active phased array radar (APAR).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MIM-23 Hawk</span> American surface-to-air missile family

The Raytheon MIM-23 HAWK is an American medium-range surface-to-air missile. It was designed to be a much more mobile counterpart to the MIM-14 Nike Hercules, trading off range and altitude capability for a much smaller size and weight. Its low-level performance was greatly improved over Nike through the adoption of new radars and a continuous wave semi-active radar homing guidance system. It entered service with the US Army in 1959.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AN/MPQ-64 Sentinel</span> American short-range air defense radar

The AN/MPQ-64 Sentinel is an X-band electronically steered pulse-Doppler 3D radar system used to alert and cue Short Range Air Defense (SHORAD) weapons to the locations of hostile targets approaching their front line forces. It is currently produced by Raytheon Missiles & Defense.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aselsan</span> Turkish military electronics equipment company

Aselsan A.Ş. is a Turkish defense corporation headquartered in Ankara, Turkey. Its main operating area is research, development and manufacture of advanced military products for air, land and maritime forces. The company is one of the major contractors of the Turkish Armed Forces. Aselsan was ranked by Defense News as the 48th largest defense company in terms of revenue. The Turkish Army Foundation is the founder, and it's successor, the Turkish Armed Forces Foundation, is the major stockholder.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giraffe radar</span> Swedish early warning radar system family

The Saab Giraffe Radar is a family of land and naval two- or three-dimensional G/H-band passive electronically scanned array radar-based surveillance and air defense command and control systems. It is tailored for operations with medium- and Short Range Air Defense (SHORAD) missile or gun systems, or for use as gap-fillers in a larger air defense system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Short range air defense</span> Anti-air weapons against low-flying targets

Short range air defense (SHORAD) is a group of anti-aircraft weapons and tactics that have to do with defense against low-altitude air threats, primarily helicopters and low-flying aircraft such as the A-10 or Sukhoi Su-25. SHORAD and its complements, HIMAD and THAAD divide air defense of the battlespace into domes of responsibility based on altitude and defensive weapon ranges.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Central acquisition radar (3D-CAR)</span>

The central acquisition radar (3D-CAR) is a 3D radar developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) for use with Akash Surface-to-air missiles and is capable of tracking 150 targets.

The TF-2000-class destroyer is a projected anti-air warfare guided-missile destroyer currently undergoing development by the Turkish Naval Institute. The class will provide survivability in the presence of aerial threat and also support mission functions such as command, control, and communications, reconnaissance, early warning, surface warfare, anti-submarine warfare and electronic warfare. Moreover, once in service, the TF-2000s are slated to be an integral part of Türkiye's expeditionary strike groups centered around the TCG Anadolu LHD and the country's future aircraft carrier(s). The TCG Anadolu is to be followed up by the TCG Trakya light aircraft carrier and President Erdoğan has also hinted at the construction of a larger aircraft carrier that is to be designed in cooperation with Spain. These capital vessels require destroyer escorts to defend them against enemy aircraft, ships and submarines; in other words, the perfect role for the TF-2000s once these new designs are slated for operational service by 2038. On 5 December 2007, Defence Industry Executive Committee approved plans to build six ships of this class. In January 2013, it was announced that Turkey was planning to acquire a total of 8 TF-2000 destroyers, which was confirmed at the International Defence Industry Fair (IDEF) 2021. With the realization of the project, it is intended to improve the anti-air warfare (AAW) capabilities of the Turkish Navy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Defense industry of Turkey</span>

The defense industry of Turkey has a long history, dated from the Ottoman Empire, and has changed several times during the Republic period.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ground Master 400</span> Mobile long-range radar system

The Ground Master 400 (GM400) is a mobile long range radar system manufactured by Thales. GM400 is a fully digital active electronically scanned array long-range air defense 3D radar, offering detection from very high to very low altitudes. It tracks a wide range of targets from highly maneuverable tactical aircraft flying below several hundred feet to the unconventional small radar cross section devices, such as UAVs or cruise missiles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TRML</span> Air defense radar system

The TRML is a family of air defense radars first developed by Telefunken and currently produced by Hensoldt. It is a development of the earlier TRMS.

ACV-30 is the designation of an armored combat vehicle developed by the Turkish defense company FNSS Savunma Sistemleri A.Ş.

The DK-10, also known as the Sky Dragon 50 or the Tianlong-50, is a surface-to-air missile system developed by Chinese arms manufacturer Norinco. It was designed to be a competitor to the HQ-16 (LY-80), but has not been adopted by the People's Liberation Army for service as the HQ-16 has been preferred. Instead, it has been exported for use by foreign armed forces.

The Hisar is a family of short, High to medium air defense surface-to-air missile systems being developed by Roketsan and Aselsan since 2007. The missiles are developed by Roketsan, while most sensors and electronics are developed by Aselsan. The missile family consists of the short range Hisar-A and medium range Hisar-O air defence system. Missile seeker of Hisar-A and Hisar-O is infrared homing. The long range version “Hisar-U” evolved into the Siper long range air defence system project.

Aselsan EIRS (Early Warning RADAR System) is a new generation S-Band radar, developed for long range early warning purposes, with AESA and digital beamforming antenna architecture. The system developed by Turkish company Aselsan. In addition to air-breathing air targets, EIRS also has the ability to detect and track Ballistic Missiles and targets with stealth technology / low RKA from long range.

The ATILGAN Pedestal Mounted Air Defense System, designated ATILGAN PMAD is a Turkish self-propelled surface-to-air missile system which provides mobile, short-range air defense protection for ground units against cruise missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles, low-flying fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters. and for every short range air defense.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joint Ground-based Air Defence Command</span> Military unit

The Joint Ground-based Air Defence Command is a joint command of the Royal Netherlands Army, formed in 2012 after amalgamation of the Commando Luchtdoelartillerie of the Royal Netherlands Army and the Groep Geleide Wapens of the Royal Netherlands Air Force. The command is responsible for all ground-based air defence tasks and consists of both army and air force personnel. The DGLC employs an integrated layered air-defence approach featuring FIM-92 Stinger, NASAMS II and MIM-104 Patriot systems.

Sungur is a fifth-generation man-portable air-defense system (MANPADS) designed for short-range air defense of mobile/fixed units and facilities on the battlefield and in the rear area man-portable air-defense system (MANPADS). Developed by Roketsan, it is the country's first ever Man-Portable Air Defence System (MANPADS). Entering service with the Turkish Armed Forces in July 2022, Sungur is set to replace the existing Stinger missile systems.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "GROUND BASED RADARS: KALKAN/KALKAN-II". TURKISH DEFENCE INDUSTRY PRODUCT CATALOGUE. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 "KALKAN Air Defence Radar ASELSAN". Aselsan. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  3. "Aselsan son parti KALKAN radarlarını teslim etti". www.kokpit.aero. Retrieved 2016-04-25.
  4. "11 air defense radars KALKAN II deliveres[sic] to the Turkish Armed Forces". English Defence News. 2021-05-11. Retrieved 2021-05-11.
  5. "KALKAN-II MOBILE MEDIUM ALTITUDE 3D AIR DEFENSE RADAR" (PDF).