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Puducherry, also known as Pondicherry or Pondichéry, is a union territory of India, consisting of four small geographically unconnected districts. It was formed out of four territories of former French India, namely Pondichéry , Karikal (Karaikal), Mahé and Yanaon, excluding Chandannagar (Chandernagore). It is named after the largest district, Puducherry. Historically known as Pondicherry, the territory changed its official name to Puducherry on 20 September 2006.
Yanam is a town located in the Yanam district in Puducherry. It has a population of 35,000, most of whom speak Telugu. It was formerly a French colony for nearly 200 years, and, though united with India in 1954, is still sometimes known as "French Yanam". It possesses a blend of French culture and the Telugu culture prevailing in Andhra Pradesh, nicknamed Frelugu. During French rule, the Tuesday market at Yanam was popular among the Telugu people in the Madras Presidency, who visited Yanam to buy foreign and smuggled goods during Yanam People's Festival held in January. After implementation of the Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929 in British India, Telugu people often traveled to Yanam to conduct child marriages, which remained legal under the French administration.
Dadala Raphael Ramanayya was an Indian nationalist leader who was instrumental in the merger of the French territory of Yanam into the Republic of India.
Kamichetty Sri Parassourama Varaprassada Rao Naidu was a member of the legislative assembly (MLA) of Puducherry, India from 1964 until his death in 1989. A government high school in Yanam was named with his name.
Yanam Municipality was created by a French Metropolitan Decree dated 12 March 1880. Yanaon municipality had 12 seats (Sièges). Citizens from each ward elect one representative for Yanam Municipal Council. The term of office is six years.
The Coup d'état of Yanaon (Yanam) was a tense but ultimately non-lethal political coup at Yanam, India, in 1954. It occurred as India and France held ongoing negotiations regarding the future of French settlements in India. Yanam, along with Pondicherry, Karikal, and Mahé, was one of four small French colonial enclaves remaining in India after its 1947 independence from Britain. Though widely separated along both of India's coasts, the towns were collectively known as Pondicherry [Fr: Pondichéry; mod. India: Puducherry], after the largest of the settlements.
The City of Puducherry on the southeast coast of India does not have a recorded history from antiquity. Puducherry has history recorded only after the advent of the colonial powers such as the Dutch, Portuguese, English and the French. Nearby places such as Arikanmedu, Kakayanthoppe, Villianur, and Bahur, which were annexed by the French East India Company over a period of time and became the Union Territory of Puducherry after Independence, have written histories that predate the colonial era.
Yanaon or Yanam was one of the five principal settlements of French India between 1731 and 1954.
Yanam is a legislative assembly constituency in the Union territory of Puducherry in India, covering the area of Yanam. Yanam assembly constituency was part of Puducherry.
Elections to the Legislative Assembly of the Indian Union Territory of Pondicherry took place on 23 August 1964 to constitute the Second Assembly of Pondicherry. These were the first Legislative Assembly elections after the formation of the new Union Territory. The elections marked the end of the rule of Edouard Goubert in Pondicherry.
Malladi Krishna Rao is a former MLA representing Yanam constituency and former Minister for Health, Tourism, Irrigation, Civil Aviation, Sports & Fisheries, Arts & Culture. During the year (2016-2021) for the Govt. of Puducherry. He has continuously won twice as an Independent candidate and twice as an Indian National Congress candidate in MLA elections and got the highest majority in Yanam for the first time in Yanam History. He is the first Yanam citizen from Yanam to become the minister in Government of Puducherry in 2006.
Bezawada Bapanaya Naidou Jr was a grandson of Bezawada Bapanaya Sr., the first Mayor of Yanam, and was himself the mayor from 1925 to 1930. He was one of the two powerful political leaders in Yanam during French rule. It was told that he was very soft-natured person and a vaishnavite. He was a humble and powerful politician in his time. Bouloussou Soubramaniam Sastroulou who had been Diwan for Manyam Zamindar, was one of his counsillors. His opponent was Kamichetty Venugopala Rao Naidou.
After the de facto merger on 1 November 1954 and before the legal integration with the Indian Union on 16 August 1962, general elections were held in 1955 and 1959. So. the first general elections to the Pondicherry Representative Assembly along with 16 municipal councils were held in 1955 from July 18 to 23 for 39 constituencies to constitute First Pondicherry Representative Assembly. The election were held on the basis of adult franchise under the State of Pondicherry Order, 1955 which prescribed the rules and regulations for the conduct of elections, more or less on the pattern adopted in the Indian Union. The elections were conducted under supervision of the Election commissioner Mr. Sukumar Sen and heavy polling was reported during the elections.
After the de facto merger on 1 November 1954 and before the legal integration with the Indian Union on 16 August 1962, second general elections were held in August 1959 to constitute Second Pondicherry Representative Assembly.
In 1946, French India became Overseas territory of France. Then, in the same year on 25 October, the Representative Assembly of French India of 44 members has been created that replaced the general council of 30 members.
After merger of French settlements into Indian Union, a new assembly, named as Pondicherry Representative Assembly has been created by Government of India. After the de facto transfer day on 1 October 1954 and before the 16 August 1962, also referred as de-jure transfer day. During this transision period, the general elections to the representative assembly were held in 1955 and 1959. After the de-jure transfer day, legal integration of French settlements with the Indian Union was complete. However, this assembly like its predecessor was just advisory in its role which led to frequent contention between the popular government and the Chief commissioner.
The Pondicherry Representative Assembly was converted into the Legislative Assembly on 1 July 1963 as per Section 54(3) of The Union Territories Act, 1963. All the 39 members who were elected by 1959 were deemed to have been elected to the First Assembly of Pondicherry.
After the de facto merger on 1 November 1954 and before the legal integration with the Indian Union on 16 August 1962, general elections were held in 1955 and 1959. In January 1955, The Indian union government renamed the French settlements in India as State of Pondicherry by passing an order. The previous assembly that was elected during French rule was dissolved on 13th June 1955 and the first general elections to the Pondicherry Representative Assembly were held in next month from July 18 to 23 for 39 constituencies. The election were held on the basis of adult franchise under the State of Pondicherry Order, 1955 which prescribed the rules and regulations for the conduct of elections, more or less on the pattern adopted in the Indian Union.
References
- ↑ "Directory of Indian Women Today, 1976". Ajīta Kaura, Arpana Caur. India International Publications. 1976. p. 251.
- ↑ "La Gazette de l'État". Pondicherry Government. 1964. p. 668.
- ↑ "యానాం: పుదుచ్చేరి శాసనసభ తోలి మహిళా ఎమ్మెల్యే దివంగత కామిశెట్టి సావిత్రి వర్థంతి కార్యక్రమం నిర్వహణ..." Yanam News Update. 21 June 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
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