Kaniaga

For the commune in Mali, see Kirané Kaniaga.

Kaniaga is a historical region in western Mali and southern Mauritania between the upper Senegal river and the Niger bend, derived from a Malinke term which means 'north'. ^[1] Defined broadly, it includes all the Soninke-inhabited lands, including Wagadou, Bakhounou, Kingui, Guidioume, Diafounou, Guidimakha and Gajaaga. ^[2]

Depending on the historical period being discussed, the term can be used in various different ways. In chronological order, it can refer to the Sosso Empire, ^[3] a province of the Mali Empire, ^[4] the semi-independent Kingdom of Diarra, ^[4] a province between Wagadou proper and Beledougou, ^[2] or to the western part of Khasso. ^[5]

Kingui is the Pulaar term for the region. ^[6]

References

1. Fofana, Moussa (31 July 2007). "Point d'Histoire du Mali: Le Royaume de Sosso ou Khaniaga des Soninké". Soninkara. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
2. Digital Collections, The New York Public Library. "(text) Tarikh el-fettach, ou, Chronique du chercheur [microform] : pour servir à l'histoire des villes, des armées et des principaux personnages du Tekrour, (1913)". The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations. p. 68. Retrieved November 19, 2024.
3. "Mali | World Civilization". courses.lumenlearning.com. Retrieved 2020-05-10.
4. Niane, D. T. (1984). "Mali and the second Mandingo expansion". In Niane, D. T. (ed.). Africa from the Twelfth to the Sixteenth Century. General History of Africa. Paris: UNESCO. p. 124. ISBN   92-3-101-710-1.
5. Oloruntimehin, B. Olatunji (1971). "Senegambia - Mahmadou Lamine". In Crowther, Michael (ed.). West African Resistance: the Military Response to Colonial Occupation. New York: Africana Publishing. p. 84.
6. Kane, Oumar (2004). La première hégémonie peule. Le Fuuta Tooro de Koli Teηella à Almaami Abdul. Paris: Karthala. Retrieved 12 July 2023.